Liang Jianwen Emperor Xiao Gang, whose name is Shi Zan, is the third son of Xiao Yan, Liang Wudi, and the mother and younger brother of Prince Xiao Tong of Zhaoming. At the beginning, King Jin 'an was appointed as the Crown Prince and heir. Jian Wendi, the temple name is Taizong. Xiaogang's achievements in politics are far less than those in literature. Xiaogang loved literature since he was a child. Because of his special status, he focused on his aides and formed a literary group with distinct opinions around him. With Xiao Gang being established as the Crown Prince in Zhongtong Datong for three years, the literary influence of this group gradually reached its peak, publicly announcing and advocating the famous court literature in the history of literature, forming a fashion that influenced the history of literature for more than one era. Xiao Gang was named King Jin 'an at the age of four, and General Yun Hui at the age of seven. He led the stone to guard the army and measured the assistant minister. This is the beginning of Xiaogang's "poetry addiction". (1) and the formation of his "poetic spirit" and his later "palace style" poems are directly related to the rate of harmony. (2) Xu Shuo participated in Xiao Gang's reading, and he was "good at writing new changes and not sticking to the old style". In fact, its new form is palace poetry. 3 Zhang rate "twelve years old, can belong to the text, often limited to poetry", and get along with Lu and others. , praised by Shen Yue. At the beginning of Tian Jian's imprisonment, he was ordered to "copy Volume B, write more than 20 articles on women's affairs, and keep hundreds of volumes ... as a harem". It can be seen that he has long had the basic conditions for writing palace poems. Moreover, his poems are full of eroticism today. His "ten years as an official, very respectful", the impact on Xiaogang is also conceivable. (4) When Xiao Gang 1 1 year-old General Xuan Hui and Yin Danyang, Yu Jianwu and others entered the curtain; 18 is the history of Nanxu, and the entrance of others made Xiaogang Literature Group take shape. (5) From four years of general to two years of Datong (523 ~ 530), Xiao Gang served as the secretariat of Yongzhou for seven years. Liu Xiaoyi, Liu Xiaowei and others entered the shogunate. His literary group naturally formed and his poetry creation became increasingly prosperous. (6) After Xiao Gang entered the East Palace, literary talents gathered together. (Xu Shuo, Lv Zhang, Yu Jianwu, Wang Gui, Liu Xiaoyi, Liu Xiaowei ...) Xiaogang's literary thought was also representative at that time. He is against both stubbornness and superficiality and slowness (Letter to the King of Eastern Hunan), and actively puts forward that "one should be cautious before writing" (Book of Commandments for Being an Official), which echoes Xiao Yi's thought of "swinging the soul". The anthology 100 volume is recorded in "Southern History" and "Jian Wendi Collection", and there are more than 600 other works. The existing works were compiled by Zhang Yan in Ming Dynasty as Collected Works of Liang Jian, and included 130 articles in Records of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Xiaogang's writing career, apart from literature and metaphysics, is also good at medicine, including three volumes of Bath Sutra and ten volumes of Ruyi Fang, all of which have been lost. He is also interested in acrobatics, yin and yang and five elements. When Xiao Gang was appointed as the secretariat of Yongzhou, he taught that private expenses should be reduced and greed and laziness should be abolished. When I was in the East Palace, I visited Shi Jing Prison and sympathized with the prisoners' slavery, which was both wasteful and excessive. Judging from these behaviors, he can sympathize with the people. As for his achievements, mainly when Yongzheng was in charge of the secretariat, the Northern Expedition had the power to attack the city. "Liang Shu Jian Wendi Ji" said: "Xiangyang, I went to pay homage to the table for the Northern Expedition, and sent the historian Liu Jin, Dong Dangmen, Du Huaibao, Zhuang Wu General Cao, General Zhenyuan and other soldiers to discuss and level Nanyang and Xinye counties. Wei Nan Jingzhou secretariat of Li Zhi, from Anchangcheng down, stretching thousands of miles. " Here is a comprehensive summary of Xiaogang's ordinary and Datong's achievements in the Northern Expedition. The details have been verified in Six Years of Ordinary Genealogy and Two Years of Datong. Xiaogang has raised the East Palace for eighteen years. Like an ordinary prince, he has no special political achievements. Xiao Gang took an active part in saving the country at first in the post-Beijing chaos which was related to the life and death of Liang Dynasty, but from the handling of Fan Taobang incident, we can see that his character was indecisive. After the fall of Tai Cheng, he became a prisoner first, then a puppet emperor, and was finally killed by his opponent. On Xiao Gang and Liang Dynasty politics, the contradiction between Xiao Gang and Zhu Yi in recent twenty years can not be ignored. In the middle and late Liang Dynasty, Zhu Yi was the most trusted minister in Liang Wudi. China was in Datong for three years, and Xiao Gang became the Crown Prince after Xiao Tong. Incredibly, Xiao was very unhappy when he first entered the East Palace. In his book "With the King of Eastern Hunan", he expressed his depression and depression. Yi zhu, who had been a servant since childhood, was appreciated by Liang Wudi, and then Xu Jian was pushed out of Beijing. Treacherous court officials are good at tactics. For Xiaogang, who has experienced hardships in the border town, he doesn't like it. He replied to Xu Wei, who was appointed as the magistrate of Xin 'an, lamenting that although he was appointed as a supervisor, he could not go to court. Wen said: "There is a cloud, and the East Palace is a place for self-cultivation. But today, with the garrison, there is the problem of supervision and care. In fact, we can't deny evil and do good, help the national seal less, offer it without offering it, pay tribute to the holy government, be brave after being ashamed, and never forget the lesson. Driving Wuling has been in glory for ten years, with many difficulties and many preparations. The husband is full of ministers and is a petty official. He never knew the situation of mountains and rivers, the diligence of the people, the sufferings of the people, and the hobbies of customs. In front of jade, gold is in hand, bearing calmly. It is also said that since Xuanxi, there has only been one person. Let people see this and sigh. " During the period of Datong, Wei Meili, an official trusted by Xiaogang, was pushed out by Zhu Yi. Before the outbreak of the Hou Jing Rebellion, the mishandling of related events was all related to Zhu Yi. When the Hou Jing Rebellion broke out, the slogan put forward by the rebels was to kill Zhu Yi and other treacherous court officials. According to the biography of Liang Shu Zhu Yi, when Hou Jing rebels surrounded Taicheng, all the officials in the city resented yi zhu for playing politics, and Crown Prince Xiao Gang wrote Besieged City, pointing to yi zhu as the culprit. According to Zhu Yi Biography of Southern History, Xiao Gang's Disturbing Poems also accused Zhu Yi of being wrong. This phenomenon is worth pondering by historical readers. Xiaogang is actually favored by his father, and more and more people are worshipped as the Crown Prince. As a crown prince, he still has to be squeezed by powerful ministers for decades, and he can't vent his anger until the eve of the country's demise. It can be seen that absolute monarchy has serious disadvantages. Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty moved to the south, the Han regime turned to the left. Although vigorous monarchs appeared from time to time, most emperors and nobles were content with pleasure and debauchery. Reflected in literary creation, empty and dissolute content is often expressed in flashy words. Xiao Gang wrote many poems about this when he was a fan and a prince. At that time, officials such as Xu □ and Yu Jianwu added fuel to the flames, and the ministers of civil affairs competed to imitate them, forming a school of "palace poetry". Xiao Gang's works today, such as Ode to My Wife's Sleeping during the Day, Ode to Song and Dance and Beauty's Morning Makeup, all belong to this category. At that time, there were many Yuefu poems with frontier fortress as the theme, and Xiao Gang also had some works of this kind, such as Joining the Army, Journey to the West of Gansu, Tai Shou Xing of Yanmen, Duguan Mountain and so on. , thus creating a precedent for frontier poems in the Tang Dynasty in some writing skills. His poems about objects are also light, although light and detailed, but such themes also have a certain impact on future generations. During the Qi and Liang Dynasties, although the whole society was turbulent, the social environment was more stable in the southern dynasty than in the northern dynasty. The development of agriculture, handicrafts and economic prosperity have brought about densely populated commercial cities. On the basis of relatively rich material life, the rulers and ministers of the Southern Dynasties became increasingly decadent and indulged in debauchery. The dissolute life of emperors provided the soil and life foundation for the production of palace poems. At the same time, the emergence of writing and temperament theory makes the forms of literature and poetry tend to be independent, and literary creation has entered a more conscious and liberated period. Poets and poetic works are produced in large numbers. The poetry creation activities of Qiliang Literature Group are basically the same. Judging from the existing poems, there are many works that should be written, taught, shared in the same topic, and sung together, with a strong color of winning. Due to the limitation of life scope and lifestyle, their vision mostly stays in the palace garden, the palace or the embassy of the buffer region, so the theme of poetry is monotonous and narrow, and the content is divorced from social life. In order to cater to the emperor's taste, there are few poems that really sing temperament in the literary group. Therefore, the result of this creative way is that the aesthetic taste and artistic style are basically the same, which obliterates the poet's personality. This is also a fundamental reason why it was difficult to produce great poets in that era. From Qi Dynasty to Liang Dynasty, the literary group centered on the members of the royal family had a far-reaching influence on the development of literature, especially poetry. Among them, there are three major literary groups with the largest scale and the greatest influence: the small literary group in Jingling, the Liang literary group, the Xiao Tong literary group and the Xiao Gang literary group. As the main advocate of palace poetry, Xiao Gang's literary concept was gradually constructed in his literary career.

Xiaogang was literate at the age of six, and had a "poetic addiction" at the age of seven. He is a literary teenager with early wisdom. But Xiaogang is different from ordinary aristocratic teenagers, because he is the son of the emperor, and his literary interest, like his life, has been linked with many aides since he was a child. At the age of seven, Xiao Gang, King of Jin 'an, officially left the palace to take charge of military affairs, open the palace and choose aides for General Yun Hui. King Jin 'an attended Xu Wei, which can be regarded as the first teacher of Xiaogang's poetry and literature. Liang Shu, Volume 30, Biography of Xu Yi, said: "Wang Gang of Jin 'an went out to guard the stone, and Gaozu said, Zhou She said,' I want to be alone for me. I have both literature and practitioners, and I want to walk with Jin 'an.' Musk said, "My brother Xu Huan is a humble little man. If he can't buy enough clothes, he deserves this choice. Gaozu said,' propaganda should be talented, and appearance is not simple.' Read with the media as a waiter. "The relationship between Xu Biao and court literature can also be found in this biography:" (Xu Biao's style is different, and Chunfang is full of learning. The name "palace style" comes from the company. "This story happened when Xiao Gangchu entered the East Palace. From the age of seven, Xiao Gang began to receive literary training from Xu Biao. By the time Xiao Gang became famous for his palace poems at the age of 29, Xu Yi was still regarded as the teacher of palace poems. This shows Xu Jian's influence on Xiao Gang and Xiao Gang literary groups.