Suzhou is located in the south of Jiangsu Province, and the Grand Canal flows through Suzhou. Taihu Lake is located in the western suburbs, with many lakes and rivers and many hills in the western suburbs, which has increased the benefits and won the overall situation.
2. During the Spring and Autumn Period, in the first year of He Lv (5 14 BC), the King of Wu ordered Wu Zixu to build He Lv City, which was the beginning of Suzhou's construction. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was ruled by Huiji County, so it was named Wuxian because it was originally Emperor Wu. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Liang and Ji Xiang opposed the Qin Dynasty, and the customs in the south of the Yangtze River were quite brave, which was absolutely different from later generations. In the 4th year of Yongjian in the Eastern Han Dynasty (129), the west of Zhejiang (including the east coast of Zhejiang below Jiande) was included in Wu County, and Wu was the ruling place. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Sun Ce and Sun Quanchu moved from Jiangdong to Wu, then to Beijing (now Zhenjiang) and then to Moling (now Nanjing). During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Southern Dynasties, Sun Wu, Xing Wu and Huiji (referred to as Danyang for short) were also called "Three Wu", which was a fertile land in the southeast. At the end of Liang Dynasty, Wu Jun was changed to Wu Zhou. In the ninth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (589), Wu Zhou was changed to Suzhou, which was named after Gusu Mountain in the southwest of the city. The great cause was still Wu Zhou, and it was changed to Wujun .. In the fourth year of Tang Wude (62 1), it was changed to Suzhou. Although the name of the state (county) has been changed several times, it is governed by Wu. Long live Wu Zetian. In the first year of Tian Tong (696), Wuxian was assigned to Changzhou County. From then on, one city and two counties. In the late Tang Dynasty, the population of Wuzhong increased and the economy and culture developed obviously. Famous poets Bai Juyi, Wei and Liu Yuxi all served as Suzhou secretariat.
At the end of Tang Dynasty, Suzhou suffered a serious military disaster. In the second year of Guangqi (886), Ya attacked Wucheng Zhang Xiong and was driven away the following year. In the first year of Longji (889), he took money from Suzhou. The following year, that is, the first year of Dashun, Yang Xingmi took Suzhou from money and was soon taken away by Sun Ru. Sun Rujun fled from Henan to the north and south of the great river, burning and looting everywhere, which was extremely destructive. In the second year of Dashun, Sun Ru burned the city and Qian Miao recovered Suzhou. In the third year of Gan Ning (896), Yang Xingmi led the army to recover Suzhou. Qian made a big counterattack and recovered Suzhou in five years. In ten years, Wu Cheng changed hands eight times, which was very cool.
4. In Kaiping for two or three years (908-909), Yang Bu surrounded Suzhou in Huainan for seven months. From then on, Wu and wuyue had a truce, and the war disaster in Jiangnan began to end. Wuyue automatically took the land in Song Dynasty, which happened in the third year (978), nearly 70 years after the siege of Zhou Ben. During this period, Wu Chengping and Qian formed a "shallow army" near Taihu Lake, specializing in water conservancy and waterproofing, and agriculture often achieved bumper harvests. Yuan Qiong, the son of the predecessor of Huanxiu Villa, built Jingu Garden in Suzhou. The famous Yunyan Temple Pagoda in Huqiu Mountain was also built in the second week of Qianlong (954) in the first year of Xiande.
5. In the third year of Song Zhenghe (113), Suzhou was promoted to Pingjiang Prefecture, with Wu and Changzhou counties as its administrative offices. Taking advantage of Zhu's "petrochemical gang", Suzhou suffered greatly. In the fourth year of Jian Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 130), the Jin Wanyan army of Zong Bi captured Pingjiang and looted and burned the city, which was the only military disaster suffered by Sioux City after the early Five Dynasties, and the damage was extremely serious.
6. Jiangnan was founded in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the literati lived in Wuzhong. The residence of the famous Han Shizhong is Canglang Pavilion of Su Shunqin, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. The Han couple also buried their bones at the foot of Lingyan Mountain. Yu Ru, Fan Chengda, Shi Hu, Shi and Shi Juantang are all examples. The economy also continued to develop on the basis of the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty. Fan Chengda wrote about Wu Junzhi: "As the saying goes, Heaven is above, Suzhou and Hangzhou are underground. He also said: Su Lake is ripe, and the world is enough. " During the Southern Song Dynasty, Suzhou and Hangzhou were rich in the world.
7. Yuan changed Pingjiang House to Pingjiang Road. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shicheng took Pingjiang and changed its name to Longpingfu, where he lived for eleven years. In the twenty-seventh year of Yuan Dynasty (1367), Zhu Yuanzhang's army defeated Suzhou and besieged it for nearly a year. The war disaster was not light. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Mao hated the Wu people and attached himself to the Zhang family. He paid heavy taxes and forced the people to move to Fengyang many times. During the reign of Xuande, Zhou Chen and Kuang Zhong repeatedly requested relief, but the minister refused to implement it. The first year of orthodoxy (1436) was changed. In the Ming Dynasty, Wuxian and Changzhou were the capitals of Suzhou. In the second year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1724), Changzhou County was placed under Yuanhe County. Since then, one city and three counties. After the Revolution of 1911, the three counties merged into one, and only Wuxian was established. After liberation is Suzhou.
Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties depended on Jiangnan grain as their lifeblood, which was provided by Suzhou, ranking first in all places. The culture is particularly developed, with 2400 scholars and 36 champions. Since Fan Zhongyan in the Northern Song Dynasty, there have been many famous people, especially literature and art, including Wu Men, represented by Shen Zhou, Tang Yin, etc. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, critical novels became a common practice. Mao Zonggang, who commented on Romance of the Three Kingdoms, was from Changzhou, and Jin Shengtan, who commented on Water Margin, was from Wuxian.
8. Suzhou gardens are the best in the world. Nowadays, most of them were built by Ming and Qing literati, that is, they have a long history, such as Canglang Pavilion and Huanxiu Mountain Villa, which were also repaired in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Other gardens, such as Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden, Art Garden, Yiyuan Garden and Xiyuan Garden, are famous gardens in Ming and Qing Dynasties and are national treasures.