Endowment insurance: the unit pays 2 1% for you every month, and you pay 8% yourself;

Medical insurance: the unit pays 9% for you every month, and you pay 2% plus 10 yuan major illness co-ordination (major illness co-ordination mainly covers hospitalization);

Unemployment insurance: the company pays you 2% every month, and you pay it yourself1%;

Work injury insurance: the unit pays 0.5% for you every month, and you don't have to pay a penny yourself;

Maternity insurance: the unit pays you 0.8% every month, and you don't have to pay a penny yourself;

Housing accumulation fund: the unit pays you 8% every month, and you pay 8% yourself.

Most importantly, in this way, the proportion of social security paid by the company for you every month should be 21%+9%+2%+0.5%+0.8%+8% = 41.3%.

Your monthly social security payment should be 8%+2%+10+1%+8% =19%+10.

Leaving aside 10 paid by Yuan You for the time being, the ratio paid by the company and yours should be 4 13: 190, which means that if you pay 190 yuan's social security every month, the company will put 4 13 yuan into your social security account and add it to your social security account every month.

So when you can't see it, the social security fee paid by the company is actually more than twice that of you, so don't feel bad when you pay social security every month ~ you know that the company pays much more than you, but it is the company that feels bad.

Back to three insurances and one gold and five insurances and one gold, everyone should have seen it here. In fact, the three insurances and one gold mentioned in Jianghu are completely equal to five insurances and one gold, except that the three insurances and one gold come from the insurance paid by you personally (pension+medical care+unemployment+provident fund), and the five insurances and one gold come from the insurance paid by your company (pension+medical care+unemployment+work injury+maternity+provident fund). Just say that three insurances and one gold are five insurances and one gold.

In addition to the company can pay you social security, in fact, people who don't have a job but have income, or people who have a company but don't pay social security can also pay social security themselves, but individuals can only pay endowment insurance+medical insurance, work injury, maternity, unemployment and provident fund, which you can't pay personally.

Let me first introduce what is the social insurance payment base. Just now, we all know that the social insurance payment ratio paid by the company every month is almost 4 13: 190, so now there is another question: What is the relationship between the social insurance premium paid by the company every month and this ratio? How is the social insurance premium determined?

You may not have noticed that every province and city issues a "minimum payment base for social insurance" at the beginning of July every year. This base is based on the average salary of employees+welfare+various subsidies in the previous year, which is determined after statistical calculation. The minimum base number announced by Nanjing in July this year is 1 189 yuan. What does this mean? It means that as long as Nanjing is a regular organization that pays social insurance for employees, the minimum monthly payment for each employee is1189× 41.3% = 491yuan, and the employees must at least pay189×19%+.

But now there is a new problem. The wages of employees in Nanjing vary greatly. Some people earn 1000 a month, while others earn 10000 a month. Does it mean that people who get 1000 pay the same social security fee as those who get 10000?

Please note that this 1 189 is the lowest radix, and there is a highest radix above 1 189. Nanjing's highest base this year seems to be more than 8,000. I forgot the details, too Anyway, if your salary is below 1 189 yuan per month, the company must also pay189 yuan +089 × 4 1.3% = 49 1 yuan, and you must pay at least/kloc-0 per month. This is the significance of 1 189 as the minimum payment base of social security: even if you get 1000 or 800 yuan a month, you have to pay the minimum amount of 1 189 every month!

However, if your salary is higher than 1 189, for example, you get 3,000 yuan a month, then when your company goes to the labor bureau to pay insurance for you (the social security fee paid by your company has been deducted by the labor bureau), you should say to the labor bureau, "Yes, we have a comrade here who gets 3,000 yuan a month, please follow 3,000 yuan. Then the Labor Bureau will deduct your company and your money based on 3000 yuan, and then pay it to your social security account. At this time, your company will pay you 3000×4 1.3% = 1239 yuan every month, and you will pay 3000× 19 yuan every month. If your salary is above 1 189 yuan, you will pay according to your actual salary every month, unless your salary is higher than the maximum base. If you get 10000 a month with a maximum base of 8000, you and your company will be paid 8000 here to expose the shameless practices of some companies, and you may be paid thousands of dollars a month. But when they go to the labor bureau to declare your salary, they will not report it according to your actual salary. For example, if you take 3,000 yuan a month, they may say that you only take 1 189 yuan, and then the labor bureau will only deduct you1189×19%+10 = yuan every month. If so, then your company is shameless! Because the company pays twice as much as you, the less you pay, the less they pay! If calculated according to your actual salary of 3,000 yuan, they should pay you 3000×4 1.3% = 1239 yuan per month, while if calculated according to 1 189×4638, they will only pay you/kloc-0 per month. So in fact, you suffered a big loss! Regular companies will only report to the labor bureau according to your actual salary and deduct money! Only those cheap companies will pay you according to the minimum standard no matter how high your salary is! ! Don't think that the less you deduct from your social security fee every month, the better! ! Maybe you have been shamelessly bullied by the company and you have no idea! ! ! It's simple to determine the base number paid by the company for you: 300 yuan social security is deducted every month, and your base number is almost 300÷ 19%≈ 1578 yuan. See if your salary is this amount. If your salary is significantly higher than 1578, for example, you actually get 3000 or 4000 a month. After being bullied, you can go to the local labor inspection brigade to sue your company. Generally speaking, it is accurate to sue once, but it is best to find evidence (such as salary slips) before leaving the company, otherwise you will not get along with the company after the prosecution-+explain again that the social security ratio varies from place to place. If you are not in Nanjing, your contribution rate is probably not 19%, but it will certainly not be too bad. So although 19% is the proportion of Nanjing, students from other places can also use it to calculate their own base.

Here are the details of these social insurance premiums and how to use them. As mentioned earlier, social insurance = endowment insurance+medical insurance+industrial injury insurance+maternity insurance+unemployment insurance+housing accumulation fund. Let's talk about endowment insurance first.

Generally, this insurance will be paid after 15 years before you retire, so students who want to get a pension must start paying before 15 years before you retire. This is similar outside Nanjing. If you pay the old-age insurance at retirement age and have not reached 15 years, the state will refund all the 8% pension stored in your personal account when you retire.

Then you will ask, where is the 2 1% paid by the company? You can't expect the country to give it to you. After you retire and take away your personal money, the state will transfer all 2 1% of the money paid by the unit to the national pension fund. From then on, the money has nothing to do with you. You might say: damn it! That's my money. Why don't you give it to me? Because that's what the country says.

When returning money, only the money deducted by the individual himself is refunded, and the money paid by the unit for him has contributed to the country-

Let's take a look at how your pension is calculated when you retire.

The algorithm of pension is very complicated, because the country will change the payment base once a year. For example, you are now 30 years old, and your current payment base is 3,000 yuan. If the retirement age is 55, then you must start paying the old-age insurance before you are 40 years old. If you start paying at the age of 30 now and pay for 25 years at the age of 55, then you must enjoy the pension first. Secondly, if the payment base of 3,000 Yuan You in 25 years becomes 6,000 yuan (I mean if), then at the age of 55, you can get a basic pension of 6,000× 20% =1.200 yuan every month, which is given to you by the state. Besides, you have accumulated a lot of money in your personal account for 25 years. As long as the average payment base is (3,000 yuan), then your personal account for the past 25 years should be 4,500× 8% (the proportion of old-age insurance paid by individuals )× 25×12 months =108,000 yuan, so you can get it every month besides the previous 1200 yuan. Of course, the national base is still rising every year, so every year except your own 900 yuan, you will get more money than 1200 yuan every month after retirement, and your pension will definitely increase.

Therefore, the more pension insurance you pay, the better. The more you give, the more you enjoy after retirement. And after the country adjusts the base every year, you will get more and more money. It is possible to cross 1000 years later and get 1500. There is an abnormal policy here, that is, no matter where you pay social security fees, when you retire, you can only go back to your household registration and enjoy local retirement benefits. Let me give you an example. If you worked in Nanjing when you were young, paid social security for 20 years and then retired, but if your hukou is in Heilongjiang, you must go back to Heilongjiang to enjoy the old-age care. If you have paid in Nanjing for 20 years, the average base is 3,000 yuan (I said if), but when you retire, the base of payment in Heilongjiang is only 1000 yuan (I said if), then you can only enjoy 60 yuan when you retire. This is a loss! In short, if you pay social security in a rich place and retire to a poor place to enjoy social security, you will pay a lot but enjoy very little in your life! Paying 3000 yuan may only enjoy 1000 yuan! This is a terrible thing, but there is nothing we can do. This is a national policy. So please pay attention to all students who work in places with low base such as the west but high base such as Beijing or Shanghai. Either you pay social security in the west, or you move your registered permanent residence to Beijing or Shanghai before you retire, otherwise you are doing a huge loss-making business in your life.

Let's talk about industrial injury insurance.

This kind of insurance is rarely used in practice, and I don't have much contact with it. Need to be reminded that this insurance will be used if you have an accident at work or at work.

However, in practice, many people do not pay attention to the preservation of evidence, resulting in the inability to enjoy work-related injury insurance. It's a pity that if you get hit by a car after work, you should call the police as soon as possible and let the police investigate the records and take photos to collect evidence. The police will give you an accident appraisal certificate after handling it, and you can take it to the unit to ask for a work-related injury report. If there is an accident, you can let people run away directly, and don't call the police or anything. Without evidence, it will generally not be accepted.

Let's talk about maternity insurance.

Let's take this for example. If you are a girl, your monthly salary is 1 0,000 yuan, and you started to pay maternity insurance in June 2007 at 65438+ 10/.The payment base is 1189, but you were pregnant in March 2007 and in 2007. Then after you leave the hospital, you should quickly submit all the materials such as marriage certificate (unmarried children can't be reimbursed)+one-child certificate (generally speaking, two children can't be reimbursed)+medical records+all invoices for building a large and small card check and hospitalization surgery fees+hospitalization list+discharge summary to the company. If the pregnancy test costs 500 yuan when giving birth to a child, and the hospitalization expenses and operation expenses cost 2000 yuan, generally speaking, within the scope of medical insurance, the company can basically reimburse you. After reimbursement, the money will include: 500 examination fee+2,000 hospitalization fee+1 189 yuan ×4 yuan = 7,256 yuan,165,438 yuan/month× 4 months, which will be reimbursed by the medical insurance center.

The state stipulates that the average salary of a girl in maternity insurance reimbursement must be four months, so if you give birth to a child for reimbursement, you can earn four months' salary without spending money! If your basic salary is higher than your salary, for example, 1000 yuan is 1 189, then you still make money.

Maternity insurance must be paid for one year to enjoy, remember to remember.

There is another problem, boys also pay maternity insurance ~ so can boys enjoy maternity insurance? If you are a boy, your wife doesn't have a job or her work unit doesn't pay insurance, and you have paid maternity insurance for more than one year when she gave birth, then you can also reimburse maternity insurance. But in the last example, you can only reimburse 500 examination fee+half of 2000 hospitalization operation fee = 1250 yuan, and the subsidy is 1 189 yuan/. This is for girls to enjoy when they are reimbursed. For the same expenses, girls can get 7256 yuan for reimbursement, while boys can only get 1250 yuan for reimbursement. This is probably a rare policy of "discriminating against men" in China-+Therefore, it is best for girls to make plans before giving birth and start looking for a company to pay maternity insurance one year in advance, so that they can earn money! If a boy wants to marry a wife, he'd better marry a girl who paid maternity insurance for one year when she gave birth, and her salary is higher than her own! But it doesn't matter if she really doesn't have insurance, you can also reimburse her for maternity insurance, but you won't get the subsidized four-month salary, and you can only get back half of the newspaper's expenses.

Unemployment insurance Unemployment insurance cannot be enjoyed until it has been paid for one year. 1 year is generally two months, and two years is four months, but the maximum for a lifetime is 24 months. Let's give an example:

If you started to pay insurance in June 5438 +2007 10, and were dismissed from the company in June 5438 +2008 10, you can ask the company to give you unemployment insurance for two months. If you pay insurance based on 5438+0 189 in June this year, you can get at least 800 yuan in two months.

Or you started to pay insurance on June 5438+ 10, 2007, and your contract with the company expired on June 5438+ 10, 2008. If you don't want to renew your contract, you can also ask the company to provide you with unemployment insurance for two months and then leave your job, more than 800 yuan. In other words, when the contract expires or the company dismisses, you can ask the company to pay you unemployment benefits for two months a year.

However, if you resign before the expiration of the contract, even if you have paid 1 year, you will not enjoy unemployment insurance. As long as you resign, don't pay 1 year. Even if you pay1year unemployment insurance, you won't get a penny until you resign.

Housing provident fund is a good thing.

Let's just say that if you pay the provident fund in 200 yuan every month, the company will also pay your account into 200 yuan every month. When you buy a house, it will only be 400 yuan. If you pay 50,000 yuan in your life, your account will be 65,438+10,000 yuan. Don't refuse such a good thing.

Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.