BC 1304 to BC 1237.

Egypt and Hittites

Fight for Syrian sovereignty.

Kadesh fortress in Syria

Fight for regional power

Egypt has 20,000 troops and 2,000 chariots; The Hittite army has 20,000 troops and 2,500 chariots.

The Egyptian army failed to capture the fortress of Kadish and was forced to withdraw and attack Egypt. In the following year 16, the war between the two countries continued, and neither side won a decisive victory. The cooperation between infantry and chariots, and the combination of garrison and field work are the main characteristics of this campaign.

Battle of Makino in Shang and Zhou Dynasties

Before 1027 (I said before 1057)

China's Shang and Zhou vassal states.

Merger and unification of countries

Mu Ye (now southwest of Qixian County, Henan Province)

The war to unify China.

The army in the war: 300 chariots and 45,000 soldiers joined forces with the armies of Yong, Shu, Qiang, Hui, Lu, Peng and Pu tribes. Shang Zhouwang has 654.38+700,000 troops.

Zhou Wuwang cut down on a large scale. Due to the darkness of Shang Zhouwang's rule, thousands of troops and slaves revolted and turned against each other. On the same day, the Shang army "collapsed and left, and then collapsed." Zhou Wang died of self-immolation, and the Yin Dynasty perished. Zhou Wuwang attacked the governors of Shang Dynasty, including 652 countries that expressed their submission, ending the 600-year rule of Shang Dynasty and establishing the rule of Zhou Wang over China. This war is a famous example in the early period of the ancient car war in China.

Assyrian war

744-605 years ago

Assyrian Empire, urartu State and more than 20 countries.

Fight for regional power

Syria, Babylon, Egypt, Elam, Arabia, Medea and other regions

Hegemony and the War against Hegemony

The Assyrian Empire has conquered more than 20 countries, and the conquered countries jointly attacked the Assyrian Empire.

The Assyrian Empire won six wars in Uratu and northern Syria in 743, and captured 72,950 enemies. Before 739, he conquered Syria and other countries 19. Elam joined forces with other countries to March into Assyria before 69 1, but failed. In 652 BC, Elam and allied forces fought fiercely with Assyria for three years and failed. Before 6 12, the Chaldeans and Medes allied forces captured the imperial capital, and the Assyrian king set himself on fire in his palace, and the Assyrian empire perished.

the greco persian wars

492-449 years ago

Greek and Persian empires

The military expansion of the Persian Empire

Greece, Persia

war of aggression

The two sides participated in the war with 350,000 troops and more than 400 warships/KLOC-0.

In the first stage of the war (492-479 BC), the Persian army made three expeditions to Greece, which were all repelled by the Greek army. In the first 490 years, the Persian army had 50,000 troops and nearly 400 warships. They made their second expedition to Greece. The two sides fought a marathon battle. The Greek army fought with more than 10,000 troops and wiped out 6,400 enemies, which is one of the examples in the history of ancient wars. In the first 480 years, the Persian army of 250,000 and warships 1000 made the third expedition to Greece. The number of Greek allied forces was 654.38+ 10,450 warships, which defeated the Persian army and turned to counterattack. In the second stage of the war (479-449 BC), Greece turned to the defensive, from a defensive just war to an aggressive war, and Greece defeated the Persian army. Athens has since become the hegemon of the Aegean region.

Qin unified the war of six countries.

Before 230-before 22 1 year

Seven vassal states: Qin, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei.

Unify China.

The vassal States of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei

The war to unify China.

Qin Jun's combat troops reached the peak of 600,000.

During the first 230-222 years, Qin took advantage of the battle between Yan and Zhao to attack Zhao on a large scale and destroy Han and Zhao. In the first 226 years, the victory hit Yan hard; Destroy Wei in the first 225 years; Destroy Chu in 224-223; Before 222-22 1 year, it was completely destroyed. In the past ten years, Qin launched a war to unify the six countries, which won the greatest victory, ended the chaotic situation of feudalism and disputes among countries for more than 500 years, and established the first centralized feudal unified country in the history of China.

Chen Sheng and Guangwu Uprising War

209-208 years ago

Peasant Rebels and Qin Jun

Overthrow the cruel rule of the Qin dynasty

Osawa Township (now southeast of Su County, Anhui Province), Chen County (now Huaiyang, Henan Province), Xingyang (now Henan Province), Wuguan (now Shaanxi Province), Xianyang and Lintong.

The first large-scale peasant uprising war in the history of China.

There are thousands of peasant insurgents.

The insurgents were loosely organized, lacked operational experience, failed to establish a base area, and concentrated their main forces on a decisive battle with Qin Jun prematurely, which was defeated by Qin Jun. However, this peasant uprising war dealt a heavy blow to the rule of the Qin Dynasty and created conditions for Xiang Yu and Liu Bang to destroy the Qin Dynasty.

Xiang Yu and Liu Bang attacked the State of Qin.

208-206 years ago

Peasant Rebels and Qin Jun

Overthrow the cruel rule of the Qin dynasty

Julu (now Pingxiang, Hebei), Dangxian (now Xiayi, Henan), Chengyang (now southeast of Juancheng, Shandong), Xianyang (now Shaanxi) and other places.

Peasant uprising war

Julu resident, Qin Jun invested more than 400,000 troops; Liu Bangjun went to Bashang and grew to hundreds of thousands.

Julu World War I wiped out 200,000 main forces in Qin Jun and Qin Jun, creating conditions for Liu Bang's westward advancement. Liu Bangjin went to Lantian and defeated Qin Jun. In 65438+206 10, Liu Bang arrived at Bashang (southeast of Jin 'an) and forced Zi Ying to surrender. Liu bang entered Xianyang and destroyed Qin. The victory of the War to Destroy the Qin Dynasty completed the historical mission of Chen Sheng and the Uprising, and initiated the peasant rebels to overthrow the feudal tyranny in the history of China. But after the victory, Liu Bang established a feudal dynasty.

the Hundred Year's War

1337 — 1453

Britain and France

Britain competes for territory; France tried to deport the British.

France

Aggression and anti-aggression war

In the first stage of the war, the British invaded, and the French army lost territory again and again. 1360 was forced to sign a peace treaty and cede territory to Britain. 1369, the second stage of the war began, and the French army recovered most of the lost land. By 1396, a 20-year armistice agreement was concluded. 14 15 British troops landed in Normandy and captured Paris. 1420 was forced to sign a treaty that humiliated the country. Subsequently, France combined guerrilla warfare with regular warfare and regained Paris in 1436. By 1453, France had won the final victory and recovered all its lost land.

Thirty years' war

16 18 — 1648

Habsburg dynasty alliance (Spain, Austria, etc. ) and the anti-Habsburg alliance (France, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany and other countries)

Fight for European hegemony

Take Germany as the main battlefield

A war for European hegemony

The scale of the battle is generally 30,000-80,000 people on both sides. This war is the first European and international war.

The war went through four stages and 20 major battles. The war ended in victory against the Habsburg clique. European hegemony passed to France. In this campaign, line tactics were used for the first time, and artillery became an independent arms and was widely used in field operations.

seven years' war

1756 — 1763

Britain, Prussia Union and several German vassals are on the same side; France, Austria and Russia are allied with Sweden, Saxony, Spain and most of the German vassals.

Fight for colonial and regional hegemony

The battlefield covers Europe, North America, India and the sea.

A war for European hegemony

1758 campaign, 316,000 people against the General Coalition; Pu Fangjun has 6.5438+0.45 million people. 1759, 352,000 anti-Prussian troops and 222,000 British-Prussian allied forces.

At the beginning of the war, France won and defeated the British fleet. 1758 occupied Canada, a part of Louisiana and most colonies of French India. 1762, Russia withdrew from the anti-Prussian alliance, returned all the occupied territories to Prussia and formed an alliance with Prussia. This move turned the corner and led to the disintegration of the Franco-Austrian-Russian alliance. Countries have called for a truce and peace talks. In this war, Britain benefited the most and became the overlord at sea.

Napoleonic wars

1792 — 18 15.

France is one side; Britain, Austria, Russia, Prussia and other countries formed a seven-nation anti-French alliance as one side.

The anti-French alliance is to suppress the French bourgeois revolution, and France is to establish political and economic hegemony in Europe.

Continental Europe dominated and spread to Egypt.

A war for European hegemony

The anti-French Coalition forces used 500,000 and 700,000 people to fight against France; There are 600 thousand French troops.

The first anti-French alliance Yingpu and other seven-nation allied forces invaded France and failed; The second anti-French alliance disintegrated; The third anti-French alliance was shattered; The fourth anti-French alliance collapsed; The fifth anti-French alliance disappeared; The sixth anti-French alliance won, and Napoleon abdicated; The seventh anti-French alliance won, and Napoleon abdicated again. 18 12, Napoleon led 600,000 troops to invade Russia, once captured Moscow, and lost 500,000 troops by the end of 12, which ended in fiasco. The Napoleonic Wars went from a series of victories to final failure. The Napoleonic Wars played an important role in spreading revolutionary ideas to Europe and promoting the disintegration of the old feudal system, clearing the way for many European countries to establish capitalist systems.

The Crimean War is also known as the Eastern War.

1853 — 1856

Russia is allied with Britain, France, Turkey and Sardinia.

Russia competed for the Black Sea Strait and expanded to the Balkans; Britain and France are expanding into China and the East.

In order to compete for the Black Sea Strait, Russia went to the Balkan Peninsula, the Danube River and the Caucasus War Zone, spreading to the Baltic Sea, the White Sea and the Surveyor Peninsula.

A war for European hegemony

Allied forces are 654.38+00,000, and Russian troops are 700,000.

In the war, countries lost troops: more than 522,000 Russian troops, nearly 400,000 soldiers, 99,000 French troops and 20,000 British troops. 1856 In March, the warring parties signed the Paris Peace Treaty, stipulating that the warring parties would exchange their occupied areas; Russia and Turkey cannot keep fleets and naval bases in the Black Sea; Russia dismantled the fortress along the Black Sea; Give up the Ottoman Empire's "protection right" to Orthodox subjects and recognize the navigation of the Danube under international supervision. The failure of Russia lost its dominant position in Europe, deepened the crisis of serfdom, and prepared the conditions for the bourgeois revolution in the 1960s and 1970s.

Franco-Prussian War

1870—198 1 year

France and Prussia; Italian volunteers and French people fought against Pu Jun's aggression.

Prussia unified Germany and occupied Alsace Lorraine, a strategic resource area in France. For the reunification of Germany, France maintained its hegemony in Europe and occupied German territory.

France, Prussia

A war for European hegemony

Troops participating in the war: 470,000 troops from Pu Jun and 220,000 troops from France.

France declared war on Prussia on July 1870, but it was not ready until August 2. Pu Jun won the preparation time and began to attack across the border on August 4th. 1 in September, the two armies fought a decisive battle and the French army was defeated. On September 2nd, Emperor Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte, Marshal McMahon and 39 generals led 83,000 soldiers to surrender to Pu Jun in Sedang. On September 4th, a revolution broke out in France and the Third Reich was founded. On September 65438, 2009, Pu Jun defended Paris. The working class in Paris rose up against the enemy. 1871March18, the people's uprising in Paris was successful and the Paris commune was established, but it failed.

Russo-Japanese War

February 1904- September 1905

Japan and Russia

Japan and Russia compete for hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region, northeast China and Korea.

China, Liaoning Province and Bohai Sea are the main battlefields of Korea and the Sea of Japan.

A war for European hegemony

On the eve of the war, the Japanese army mobilized 200,000 to 375,000, with more than 80 ships and 260,000 tons. Russia has a standing army of1135,000, a reserve of 3.5 million, and only 65,438+10,000 in the Far East. In the battle between Liaoning and Shenyang, the Japanese army was 6.5438+0.35 million, and the Russian army was 6.5438+0.52 million. In the Battle of Fengtian, there were 250,000 Japanese troops and 300,000 Russian troops. The total number of Japanese troops participating in the war is 165438+ ten thousand; Russian troops 1.2 million.

The Russo-Japanese War was the first large-scale imperialist war. The war began when the Japanese navy suddenly attacked the Russian Pacific 1 fleet moored outside Lushunkou. During the war, the Japanese suffered heavy casualties. Captured 2 1 10,000 people, lost 9 1 ship, and spent172 million yen on war. Russian casualties captured 270,000 people, lost 98 ships and consumed 2 billion rubles. Japan defeated Russia. The United States intervened for its own benefit. 1905 In August, Japan and Russia held talks in the United States and signed the Portsmouth Peace Treaty on September 5. After the war, Russia retreated to the northeast of China, and North Korea and northeast of China became the sphere of Japanese influence.

World War I

1965438+July 04-1918165438+10 month.

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria and other allies are one side; With Russia, France, Britain, Italy, the United States, Japan and China as allies.

The two imperialist groups competed for spheres of influence and hegemony in order to carve up the world again. It is a war triggered by the unbalanced development of capitalism and the intensification of the economic crisis during the imperialist period.

Europe, Asia and Africa, Western Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

A war for European hegemony

The 36 countries participating in the war have a total population of 500 million and a strategic development area of 4.07 million square kilometers. About 70 million troops participated in the war, including 22.85 million allied troops and 42180,000 allied troops.

The war was launched by the allied forces and lasted for 4 years and 3 months. 1965438+On September 26th, 2008, after the allied forces launched a general attack, Bulgaria, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and Germany surrendered one after another within 4-46 days, and the allied forces won. During the war, the allied forces lost 2 1 10,000 troops, including 510.5 million deaths. Allied forces lost 6.5438+0.54 million people, including 3.38 million deaths. The warring parties consumed $6,543.8+$086.3 billion in war expenses. Economic mobilization appeared for the first time in the war. 19 17 Among the workers who served in the war, Russia accounted for 76% of the total number of workers, France accounted for 57%, Italy accounted for 64%, the United States accounted for 3 1%, and Germany accounted for 58%. The war caused revolution.1917 654444.

The Second World War

September1930 —— September 1945

Form an axis alliance with the fascist group of Germany, Italy and Japan as one side; Form an anti-fascist alliance with China, the Soviet Union, the United States and Britain as one side. There are 6 1 participating countries.

After the First World War, the political and economic development of capitalism was unbalanced, and the world economic crisis intensified the contradiction of imperialism. Germany, Italy and Japan demanded to carve up the world again, which led to the outbreak of this war.

Europe, Asia, Africa and the four oceans

A war for European hegemony

It is the largest war in the history of the world, with 6 1 participating countries, 6 1. 1 billion troops and 0/700 million population. The battlefield covers an area of 22 million square kilometers, covering 40 countries and four oceans.

The war lasted for six years, starting with the German attack on Poland and ending with Japan's surrender. In the war, the number of army deaths was 65.438+06.9 million (56.5438+033 million), the number of army injuries was 35 million, and the war expenses of the opposing sides were 65.438+065.438+065.438+070 billion US dollars (65.438+050 billion US dollars). Consumed ammunition, 6.9 million tons in the United States. The total value of property lost by European countries in the war was $260 billion. Nuclear weapons were used for the first time in the history of war. As a result of this war, a series of socialist countries have emerged.