Hangzhou government. Hu Xueyan's former residence belongs to the national key cultural relics protection unit, is a typical representative of private houses in the late Qing Dynasty, and is one of the largest existing private gardens in Hangzhou. Yuanbao Street, located in the east of the historical and cultural protection zones of Hefang Street and Dajingxiang in Hangzhou, was built in the 11th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1872. It was renovated by the Hangzhou government for tourists to visit, so it belongs to the Hangzhou government, that is, the country.
Seven laws. The Fourth Impression of Hangzhou —— Former Residence of Hu Xueyan
Prominent in the south of the Yangtze River, full of eaves.
Aperture Shui Ying Tianyi potential, jade gold aperture set it.
Being rich and expensive is caused by the smooth flow of politics and business, and the high wall collapses in the wind and rain.
There are many Dan medicines in Qingyutang, so it is difficult to continue the aristocratic spirit of the Qing family.
Seven laws. The third impression of Hangzhou-West Lake Lonely Mountain
Where is the former residence of Hu Xueyan?
Hu Xueyan's former residence, located in Hefang Street and Yuanbao Street in the east of Dajingxiang Historical and Cultural Protection Zone, was built in the 11th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1872), which was at the peak of Hu Xueyan's career.
At that time, the mansion project lasted for 3 years and was completed on 1875. After completion, the former residence is a beautiful mansion with China traditional architectural features and western architectural style. The whole building is long from north to south and wide from east to west, covering an area of 10.8 mu, with a building area of 58 15 square meters.
The former residence is the first mansion of China giants in the late Qing Dynasty, which is exquisite in architecture, furnishings and materials.
There are pavilions such as Zhiyuan and 13th floor in the ancient house. Among them, two rare mahogany sedan chairs are worth seeing. Hu Xueyan, a native of Hangzhou, was originally from Jixi, Anhui. When I was a teenager, I worked as a waiter in a bank in Hangzhou. Later, with the support of Wang Youling, the governor of Zhejiang Province, I started my own Fukang Bank. He was rewarded by the imperial court for his meritorious service to Zuo, and was made an official minister, wearing a red hat, riding a horse in the Forbidden City and wearing a yellow jacket.
At the peak, Hu Xueyan not only operated money houses, but also engaged in grain, real estate and pawn, and also imported and exported arms and raw silk. Later, he founded Hu Qingyutang's Sinopharm Company and became a rich red-crowned crane businessman for a while.
Architectural features:
The overall architectural layout of Hu Xueyan's former residence is compact, the concept is exquisite, the bedroom blends with the garden, and the building materials can be comparable to those of the palace, which can be said that things are rare.
"Family heirloom Youdao only thick, wonder and frankness. As the saying goes, "You can't be rich for three generations", and Hu Xueyan can't even be rich for one generation.
From the historical background, the decline of Hu Xueyan is also a tragedy of an era. Calling him a "red-topped businessman" shows that his way to get rich is collusion between government and business. Even if Hu Xueyan can quickly pile up a mountain of wealth, he will inevitably be involved in the dirty political vortex.
In addition, in the middle and late period of19th century, western colonists have opened the door to China, and Hu Xueyan has been squeezed by powerful foreign businessmen, and its failure is inevitable. His decline added a bit of tragedy to the times. Wandering around Hu Zhai can't help feeling emotional.
Every tourist can experience different things from different angles, such as politics, economy, culture and art, which leave many useful thoughts for people in its Shui Ying window.
Baidu encyclopedia-former residence of Hu Xueyan
Former residence of Xueyan Hu
Hu Qingyutang, located in Dajing Lane at the northern foot of Wu Shan, was the place where Hu Xueyan, a "red-top businessman" in the late Qing Dynasty, worked and operated. In the past, every time I went to any street and passed this Gaotang compound, I had to go in and have a look. Every time I go in, I admire Hu Xueyan, the "King of Jiangnan Medicine". Not to mention the famous stunts, precious medicinal materials and medical cultural relics, the momentum and ostentation of this ancient building complex alone are impressive enough!
Walking in Where Street the other day, I came across a sign that read "Former Residence of Hu Xueyan". I was surprised and went in. I didn't think about it. I not only saw different scenery in it, but also saw another side of Hu Xueyan that I didn't know before, which really surprised me!
On where street, less than ten meters away from the Drum Tower, there is a stone road. This is the only preserved ancient stone road in Hang Cheng. It's less than three meters wide. The two ends are convex and the middle is concave, which looks like an ingot. People call it "Yuanbao Street".
"Yuanbao Street" is narrow and short, and the entrance is extremely inconspicuous; Therefore, this alley has not been found several times before.
We walked along the stone road. On the right side of the alley is a flat white wall, which is very high and looks more than ten meters, separating the inside and the outside into two worlds. On the left side of the alley is the courtyard wall of ordinary people. Clusters of ivy and Jinbaoli desperately climbed over the wall and climbed down close to it. They are the only things that look alive in this alley.
The alley is so quiet that time seems to have stopped; 2 10 meter long alley is particularly long.
After walking 100 meters, a blue door appeared on the white wall, which is the former residence of Hu Xueyan.
In the Yuan Dynasty, "Yuanbao Street" was once the location of the provincial treasure. According to legend, this street can gather wealth from all directions. Hu Xueyan must have been instructed by someone to choose this land to build a house!
Quiet, hidden, and convenient to gather money, what a good place!
The gate is extremely simple and is a common Shikumen in the south of the Yangtze River. The blue brick door frame is embedded in the white wall and looks elegant!
The entrance is a tall and big gatehouse; Behind the gatehouse is the spacious sedan chair hall.
The car lobby is where guests stop to wait for an interview. The sedan chair hall in the fifth bay is very bright, and there are eight big sedan chairs in two halls.
The materials used in the car hall are very elegant, and the beams and columns are precious ginkgo wood. Inside, on two big black pillars, there is a pair of couplets engraved with golden font, which reads "the family heirloom is good, thick, not strange but straight"; This kind of "thick" and "true" shows Hu Xueyan's way of being a man and doing business.
Looking up, I saw five plaques hanging above the high hall, and the one in the middle was written in black on a yellow background, which read "Make great efforts to achieve glory".
I looked at the plaque carefully and felt very strange. It took me a long time to find that the good word "good" was missing two points. It turns out that this plaque is the imperial character of the Tongzhi emperor, with two points removed, meaning "endless goodness". -the emperor is the emperor after all, there is always their profound mystery!
Out of the car hall, you can see the second brick door engraved with the words "Xiu De Xianxian". These four-letter words are the Hu family's family motto: be virtuous and have both ability and political integrity, which is Hu Xueyan's greatest hope and requirement for future generations.
There is a small door on the east side of the second door, which is connected with a long corridor. There is a hole in the gray stone wall where the side door meets the promenade. The white stone plaque above the lintel is engraved with the sky-blue Chinese character "Zhiyuan".
Zhiyuan is on the west side of the central axis of the whole house. There are three pools in the garden, the largest of which is a stone bridge across the pool.
This stone bridge is exquisite. Its two ends are connected with two courtyards. At the highest point in the middle of the bridge, there is an exquisite pavilion, which can be regarded as a real bridge!
The pavilion with double eaves and pyramid roof on the bridge is said to have been used by musicians at that time. The pavilion is neither too big nor too small, just right, with eight corners like the wings of a bird, ready to go!
The pavilion is called "Sunny Rain Pavilion", which is taken from Su Shi's poem "The water is clear and sunny, and the mountain is Kong Yu."
I stood not far away and looked at this exquisite and chic "sunny and rainy pavilion", and vivid pictures emerged in my mind: pavilions that are happy on sunny days; When it's rainy and foggy, the mysterious pavilion ... When I think of the West Lake at the moment, I think of the sentence "To compare the West Lake with the West Lake, it's always appropriate to put on heavy makeup." Heavy makeup and sunny days, light makeup and rainy days seem far-fetched, but no matter how you think about it, it is the same feeling!
Pavilions and pavilions are strewn at random, waterside pavilions and curved bridges are exquisite, covered bridges turn left and right, and groups of koi fish in the pool are like a picture of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River!
However, this is Hu Xueyan's garden after all, and it needs more wonders!
After crossing the stone bridge, several holes of different sizes appeared on the stone wall. Entering the cave entrance, there are four caves: hanging blue, wrinkled green, dripping green and frequent wearing. In my opinion, this cave is the most natural and primitive landscape in the garden, but it is artificial. Such a large artificial cave is second to none in China.
Above the cave is the "Yufeng Building". Su Shi, an "uninhibited school", said in a poem: "If you want to go home by the wind, you will be afraid that the Qionglou will be luxurious and the heights will be too cold", hence the name "Yufeng Building".
I don't feel lonely and cold at all when I climb the "Yufeng Building". The autumn wind at the end of October gently stroked the trees in the garden, which were covered with golden clothes.
Gardens, pavilions, bridges and flowing water in the park are connected by cloisters and winding pools. Fish are swimming in the pool, and the "herring pavilion" is ready to go. Really beautiful!
The most active part is the corner of the yard. The tiles on the roof are like scales of herring, and the dark eaves of the house are like the tail of carp. From a height, it looks like a group of carp are competing to jump over the Longmen!
However, when the house was just built, you can see more than that when you boarded the "Yufeng Building": the vast Qiantang River in the south and the Wulin Gate with high-rise buildings in the north. Danlin, green leaves make the wind comfortable "trend!
Next door to Yufeng Building is the Shadow Pit House. The decoration of the house in the yard is completely western-style. Mirrors and crystal lights are everywhere in the room, shining brightly. At the beginning, Hu Xueyan specially arranged to receive foreign guests in this way.
Standing on the "Yufeng Building" and looking at the opposite "Yanbitang", you can see it more clearly.
"Yanbitang" is Hu Xueyan's residence. The buildings made of mahogany are dotted with red and blue French imported glass, which is solemn but not rigid.
The stage in front of the building can best reflect the status of the owner of the house. Hu Xueyan only needs to open the door or open the window, so he doesn't have to go out to see the play.
On the first floor of the building is the living room, western clock and two western vases, which means "life is safe"; On the second floor is Hu Xueyan's bedroom. It is said that the fragrant bed he slept in was more precious than the couch of the emperor at that time.
Behind "Yanbitang" is "Hundred Lions Garden"; Within the "Hundred Lions Garden", there is the "Hundred Lions Building". Baishilou is named after there are 100 lion railings made of rosewood outside the building. 65,438+000 lions have gold in their eyes.
The "Hundred Lions Building" is the main hall of the whole courtyard, just on the central axis. The first floor is the main place for Hu Xueyan to receive and discuss, and the second floor is the residence of Hu Xueyan's mother and his first wife. The mahogany round table with a diameter of two meters is said to be the largest mahogany table in Hangzhou.
The back garden behind Simiantang and Baishiyuan is the place where Hu Mu and his wife rest, and the aunts are not allowed to go in and out at will. In the back garden stands the treasure of the Hu family's town house-a Taihu stone shaped like the word "Shou".
Lock Spring Courtyard, Yixia Courtyard, Xiqiutang Courtyard and Rongdong Courtyard are respectively located on both sides of the central axis. Why do twelve concubines who call themselves "Twelve Golden Chains" live in them? The piano room, studio and chess club in the yard are all complete, and the whole Summer Palace is dedicated to playing mahjong.
In the northwest corner of the house, it turned out to be a barber shop. Hu Xueyan wanted to buy it for a large sum of money, but the shopkeeper was unmoved, because the family business handed down by his ancestors could not be sold to others. Hu Xueyan felt his loyalty and filial piety, so he gave up the idea of buying a barber shop.
Hu Xueyan planted eight Zhejiang flavors, such as gold, lock and chrysanthemum, in some yards, which are precious medicinal materials of Hu Qingyutang, the national medicine number he opened.
Mrs. Luo Si is Hu Xueyan's favorite concubine and is in charge of the Hu family's finances. The "Zaifutang" where she lived was the most luxurious, and all the building materials and components were gold nanmu imported from Nanyang at that time.
The wood in Jin Sinan is mild, warm in winter and cool in summer. "Water can't rot, and ants can't drill." It is so precious that even the emperor cherishes it. The coffin of the ancient emperor was made of gold nanmu, which did not rot for a hundred years. The summer resort built by the Qing emperor in Chengde also used a lot of gold nanmu.
At that time, the materials used in the hall were all gold nanmu, and the windowsill of the colonnade eaves was a veritable "Nanmu Hall".
Many places in the house show Hu Xueyan's yearning for power: all the gates in the yard are cast with bronze hands and knockers, and the bronze hands hold the knockers tightly. You can't help but think of the words "holding a big circle (power)"; On a wall in the yard, there is a gray sculpture with two grass dragons embedded in it.
Everything in the yard has its own silent language: pomegranate tree is the master's wish to have more children and more happiness; Seven stoves are common seven-star stoves in large families in the south of the Yangtze River, which means that seven stars shine high. The patterns of gold ingots and copper coins on the ground are paved with stones, which means both wealth and longevity; Couples and singing brick carvings on the side wall of Heletang symbolize the beauty of couples and the wealth of * * *.
The top of all the high walls in the yard are traditional Jiangnan gray sculptures. From ordinary people to flowers, birds, insects and fish, the theme is extremely rich!
Magnificent brick-carved gatehouse, exquisite water-milled blue brick, ancient ginkgo wood, imported colored glass wood carving, stone carving, gray plastic, painted ginkgo, nanmu, rosewood and Nanshan.
The most noteworthy thing is the telephone installed in each room. When the host presses the button, the bell in the room between the concubine and the servant will jingle and pick up the receiver to speak. At that time, this communication facility invented by westerners was really rarely used in private houses!
On more than ten acres of land, there is a Zhiyuan, 13 building with 33 houses, which combine Chinese and western cultures and complement each other. There is no sense of emptiness, and there is no suspicion of crowding. The structure of the building is compact and the layout is ingenious, which is really rare! The skill of Beijing Royal Garden Designer is really extraordinary!
At the age of thirteen, Hu Xueyan began to work as an apprentice in a drugstore. He helped Zuo recover Xinjiang, set up banks, pawns, opened grain shops and pharmacies, engaged in silk business ... and even arranged military industry and grain transportation. In just a few years, Hu Xueyan accumulated nearly 20 million taels of silver, becoming the richest man in the Qing Dynasty and a generation of officials and businessmen.
1872, when his career was smooth and his life was full of ambition, Hu Xueyan, 50, began to build his own mansion. It took him three years to build this building.
However, after living in this "first house in the south of the Yangtze River" for less than ten years, Hu Xueyan failed to buy raw silk, and the bank was once again run on, and finally went bankrupt. This buddy, from an apprentice in a money house and a "running broker" to the richest man in the late Qing Dynasty, was awarded the title of minister by the imperial court. From a second-class civil servant wearing coral and a yellow jacket, he became a "red-topped businessman" who was rich for a while and died of fear in poverty and illness. At the end of the Qing dynasty, the achievements and prosperity of a generation of giant businessmen were like flowers on a tree, which finally fell with the wind and disappeared, leaving only endless loneliness and sadness!
Less than 20 years after Hu Xueyan's death, this mansion, which was once worth 3 million taels of silver, was sold by his children to Li Hongzhang's uncle, Yu Wen, then the minister of punishments and the co-host college student, at the price of 65438+2 million taels of silver.
Some people say that the decline of the Hu family is due to the lack of a corner in the northwest corner of the house; Some people say that the word "good" is missing two points; It is also said that Hu Xueyan was the first political victim in the political struggle of "Zuo Li".
It was at sunset that the former residence was shrouded in a pink sunset. I think of a picture I have seen, which is also such a big building with the same afterglow, but not far away is Hu Qingyu Hall.
Who says success or failure is empty? "Although there is no reconciliation, sincerity knows itself"; History will witness the merits and demerits. This is as Hu Xueyan himself said: "The truth is straight, but the road is often curved."
Where is Hu Xueyan's former residence in Hangzhou? How much is the ticket? Is it worth going?
To say where is the best place to go at this time, I think it's better to visit Hangzhou, because there are not only the well-known West Lake in Hangzhou, but also low-key luxury houses in downtown Hangzhou. As the saying goes, "a little hidden in the mountains, a big hidden in the city", this building is rich in China traditional architectural style, showing the western architectural style in details, which can be said to be the first integrated wind building! This is the former residence of Hu Xueyan, and it can be called the first mansion of China rich people in the late Qing Dynasty. Covering an area of 10.8 mu, the ticket is only 20. It takes 20 to experience the daily life of the rich in China in the late Qing Dynasty, not to mention the value!
Hu Xueyan's former residence is located at Yuanbao Street 18, West Lake Scenic Area, Hangzhou. Built in Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, it took three years to build this house. This is an ancient house that combines the characteristics of China and the western architectural style. There are many pavilions, such as the 13th floor and Zhiyuan. Whether indoors or outdoors, it is extremely luxurious, and the materials are quite elegant, even comparable to the palaces at that time. It's all because of him.
Hu Xueyan is a native of Hangzhou, originally from Anhui. He worked as a waiter in a bank when he was young. Later, with the support of Wang Youling, he became a very popular businessman at that time. Later, by coincidence, he assisted Zuo Tang Zong and got a yellow jacket. At that time, it can be said that both the government and businessmen are winners!
Hu Xueyan's former residence is quite compact in overall design and exquisite in conception. The harmony between the house and the garden can be said to be seamless. The total cost of the whole courtyard is 3 million taels of silver, equivalent to 600 million yuan now, which is a historical miracle in the late Qing Dynasty. It's absolutely no problem to call it a handicraft treasure!
No matter now or then, the layout and overall planning of this quadrangle are quite scientific, giving people a feeling that they will not get lost when walking inside. The person who can make the overall layout and planning so perfect is believed to be a general in architectural design at that time. Hu Xueyan really put a lot of effort into building this house, and he was a successful businessman at that time!
Because of this name, a large number of people come here to watch the tour every year, and it has become a scenic spot in Hangzhou. Tickets only need 20 yuan, and even students can enjoy a half-price discount. Local citizens can also use citizen cards to visit. Anyway, the house in Hu Xueyan really gives visitors a different feeling. It is a kind of wealth and an extreme luxury.
Another scenic spot in Hangzhou has become popular: it took three years to build and cost 600 million yuan. Now you only need 20 yuan to visit it.