The enthusiastic Schaefer sang a love song here.
Here, the art of war and peace coexist,
With the rise of Delos, Apollo jumped out of the sea!
The eternal summer also plated the island with gold,
But everything is depressing except the sun.
The muse of Austria and the muse of Theo,
Hero's harp, lover's pipa,
Initially won a reputation on your coast,
Now I am a mute in this birthplace,-
Ah, that song has spread all over the west.
Far beyond the island paradise of your ancestors.
The rolling hills watch the marathon,
Marathon to see the vast waves;
I meditated there alone for a while,
Dreaming that Greece is still free and happy;
Because when I stand on the grave of Persia,
I can't imagine being a slave.
A king sat high on the mountain,
Watching salami stand overseas,
Thousands of warships docked at the foot of the mountain,
How many teams-all under his command!
He counted at dawn,
But where did they go at sunset?
Ah, they are here now? And you,
My country? In land of silence.
The hero's ode is now silent,
The hero's heart is no longer stirring!
Have you always been a serious harp?
How can you play in my hands?
Well, as a slave country,
Although all the honors are declining,
At least, a patriot's concern,
It also makes me blush when writing songs;
Because, what can a poet do here?
Shame on the Greeks, tears for the Greek country.
Do we just cry for the good days,
And shame? -Our ancestors bled.
Earth! Put the spartan bones
Send some back from your arms!
Even if you give us three of the 300 warriors,
Let the death battle of Mao Se thunderbolt be revived!
What, or silence? All is silent?
Don't! Listen to the ancient soul.
As noisy as a waterfall in the distance,
They replied, "As long as there is one living person.
Come as soon as we shout, we will come! "
Hey! It's just that the living ignore it.
Forget it, forget it: try another tune;
Fill a glass of Samos' wine!
Leave the war to Turkish Ye Fan,
Get out of the way, the blood of Austrian grapes is flowing!
Listen to how enthusiastic every alcoholic is.
Answer this shameful phone call!
You still have the steps of Paris,
But where is Pilars's phalanx?
These are two lessons: Why do you like it better?
Forget that noble and strong lesson?
Cadmus made fonts for you—
Did he teach it to slaves?
Fill a glass of Samos' wine!
In that case, let's put the topic aside!
This wine has been used to make wine.
Send as a hymn; Yes, he succumbed to
Boris, a tyrant,
But this tyrant is at least our country.
The tyrant of Ksonisas
Is the most loyal and brave friend of freedom,
That tyrant is Mildred Edith!
Well, I wish we could have it now.
The tyrant is as shrewd as he is,
He will unite us against bullying!
Fill a glass of Samos' wine!
In the Suri Mountains on the banks of Baja,
A brave descendant of a nation,
It should be raised by Doris's mother,
There, perhaps the seeds have been sown,
This is a true biography of Hercules' bloodline.
I don't believe that westerners will bring freedom.
They have a king who buys and sells;
Local swords, local soldiers,
Is the only hope of charging;
But when defending the enemy, Latin B 1 1 cheated,
More dangerous than the Turkish army.
Ah, fill a glass of Samos!
Our girls are dancing in the shade,
I saw their black eyes shining;
But, looking at every smart girl,
My eyes were fascinated by hot tears:
Does this * * * also want to feed slaves?
Let me climb the cliff in Sunia,
There, just me and the waves,
You can hear each other whispering,
Let me die like a swan;
I don't want the slave country to belong to me-
Break Samos glass!
(translated by Cha Liang Zheng)
Precautions:
Dilos, the name of an island in the Aegean Sea, is said to be the birthplace of Apollo, the god of poetry and music.
Kaio is said to be Homer's birthplace, and the Muse in Kaio refers to Homer.
Theo, the birthplace of the Greek poet Anacreon, is the muse of Theo.
A king refers to King Xue Xisi of Persia (5 19-465 BC). In September 480 BC, he led the Persian navy to have a naval battle with the Athenian army near Salami Island and was defeated.
In 480 BC, 300 Spartan warriors fought against the Persian invaders in Thunderbolt, Mao Se, and held on for three days, giving all their lives, but gaining time for the Greek army.
In the 3rd century BC, Pilars, the king of a small country in northwest Greece, led an army to defeat the Roman army.
Cadmus is a legend in ancient Greece. It is said that he learned letters from Phoenicians and brought them to Greece.
Miltiades, one of the commanders of the Greek army in the marathon.
Doris's mother refers to Spartan's mother.
Hercules, the legendary Hercules.
Latin refers to western Europe, especially France.
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Sorrow in Greece is selected from the third chapter of Byron's long poem Don Juan. This is an episode sung by a Greek singer. The hero Don Juan and the pirate's daughter Heidi get married on an island in Greece. The original poem has no title. According to the custom, all poems are titled with the first number when they are included in this poem. Sorrow for Greece is also the most selected fragment in long poems, which is very lyrical. Its theme has little to do with the story of the long poem, mainly lamenting the painful fate of Greece. This poem was written in 18 19, two years before the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence, when Greece was still enslaved by Turkey. In the poem, Byron compares the splendid civilization of ancient Greece and the people's heroic struggle and the spirit of defending freedom with the present situation of Greece today, and encourages the Greek people to inherit the tradition of their ancestors, bravely resist and fight for independence and freedom. The poet sometimes cries out vigorously, sometimes thinks deeply about sorrow, and his emotions are ups and downs, which makes this poem "Sorrow for Greece" full of strong patriotism and inspiring appeal. The poet also makes full use of various rhetorical devices to coordinate the artistic form of poetry with the emotional theme.
The first verse of this poem, *** 16, can be clearly divided into two parts in content. The first section is 1-8. The poet praises Greece's past glory and laments the slavery at this time. In sharp contrast, he strongly calls for the awakening and resistance of the Greek nation. The poet used many allusions here to praise the prosperity and civilization of Greece in the past. For example, the first verse of the poem "Enthusiastic schaffer sang a love song here,/Here, the art of war and peace flourished,/Delos rose and Apollo jumped out of the sea!" The use of several allusions shows the ancient and splendid civilization of Greece. However, against this background is the decline of Greece today: "But everything is depressed except the sun." The contrast between prosperity and decline is heartbreaking. Greece has not only a history of civilization, but also a history of heroic resistance to the enemy. "The continuous mountains look at the marathon, and the marathon looks at the vast waves"-in the famous marathon battle in 490 BC, the Greeks defeated the invading Persian army; "A king is sitting high on the hill,/watching Salamis standing overseas"-The following is the story of the naval battle of Salamis in 480 BC, when the Greek fleet destroyed the Persian fleet. The fighting history of the Greek people is glorious, and the heroic spirit of the brave Spartans will last forever. However, in Greece today, when the country is in danger, there is no one to protect it. In the face of the poet's cry, there is still silence all around, and the poet can't help but feel sad and angry, and his fiery heart has dropped to freezing point. "Forget it, forget it," the poet sighed helplessly.
In the second half of the poem, from the ninth verse, the poet angrily kept asking everyone to "drink a glass of Samos' wine" to anesthetize the grief of national subjugation with pleasure. Compared with the call for fighting, the call for binge drinking and pleasure received a warm response. People who drink for fun dance the Pilars-do the Greeks remember that this dance step was imitated from the fighting dance of their ancestors? The poet expressed his grief for the Greek people with ironic rhetoric. Anacreon in ancient Greece also wrote hymns in drunkenness and pleasure, but at least he served the powerful protector of Greece, but where can I find such a hero now? When drinking Samos, everyone you can see, from the rocks to the coast, are descendants of the Greek hero Hercules, but they can't protect their mothers and sisters. They only feed the conquered! The poet expressed his grief and sorrow for Greece with a narrative full of historical feeling, which actually further inspired the fighting spirit of the Greeks in a negative way. The last sentence is decisive "simply break Samos glass", and the true intention of this part of the narrative is completely revealed.
In art, this poem uses repeated rhetorical devices many times to strengthen the effect of expression and performance. At the beginning of the poem, he deeply calls: "Greek islands, beautiful Greek islands!" " "The repetition of the two addresses is like lamenting the fate of Greece, laying a dignified emotional tone for the whole poem; In the second half of the poem, the poet repeatedly called "Fill a glass of Samos' wine! "The urgent call expresses the poet's mood of sadness and anger, distress and anger. In addition, the phonological expression of this poem is also very distinctive. The rhythm of this poem is different from other parts of Don Juan, imitating the Italian folk style, with only six lines in each section, the rhythm of ABABABCC. The four-step cadence runs through the poem, and the cadence is arranged from light to heavy, which makes the tone ups and downs, just like the poet's cry, which makes the radical thoughts and feelings in the poem integrate with the expression, effectively expressing the poet's revolutionary fighting spirit.
This poem also has a great influence in China. Liang Qichao first introduced his translation to China, and the title "Sorrow for Greece" became a cultural resource for modern China to save the nation.
(Zhang Sumei)