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When was the peak of commercial development in Dengzhou?
Dengzhou and Xichuan are the most active places, but there are only more than 50 singers and accompanists in Xichuan. The atrophy of major music is a silhouette of Nanyang Quyi's atrophy. According to Yan, a famous Quyi writer in Nanyang, there are more than 20 kinds of songs and more than 2,300 tracks in Nanyang, the hometown of Quyi, and there are more than 2,000 professional and semi-professional artists in its heyday (from the founding of New China to the 1960s and 1970s). Now there is only one Nanyang Quyi rap group and dozens of professional actors left in the professional group. Nanyang breaks the ice to save the "impossible task"? Major, also known as drum tune, has a history of more than 500 years, and many tracks are the predecessors of China traditional opera tracks. As early as the 1920s, this ancient form of Quyi attracted the attention of some intellectuals. Mr. Zhang Changgong, a professor at Henan University, spent nearly ten years searching for music theory, compiling books and writing articles. 1in August, 948, he published a book "drum music research", which is the earliest monograph on main music in our province. He thinks that "Drum Ziqu was first seen in Kaifeng", but when was it introduced to Nanyang? According to the legend of the older generation of Quyou, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Yellow River burst into disaster, and some Quyou in Kaifeng fled to Nanyang before being introduced to Nanyang. After drum music was introduced to Nanyang, it absorbed some ditties and opera tunes from Shanxi, Sichuan and Hubei, and made great progress in content, form, repertoire and music, and gradually formed the main tunes with local characteristics. After 1930s, it flourished in Nanyang. The accompaniment instruments of the main tunes mainly include Sanxian, Guzheng, Pipa and Sandalwood, and mainly include Qin Yue, Yangqin, Dong Xiao, Erhu, Soft Bow Jinghu, Pendants, Copper Cups, Cups, Moon Drum, Muzheng, Copper Flutter, Octagonal Drum, etc. It is a synthesis of various instruments mainly plucked. Among the four major music schools in Henan, the biggest feature of Da Le is that it is unprofessional. "Almost all outstanding talents in major music fields are unprofessional. They take music as their friends and entertain themselves instead of making a living. " Mr. Zhang Lingyi, an expert on the history of Quyi in Henan Art Research Institute, said. Since 1956, professional troupes and troupes have been set up in various counties in Nanyang. The first batch of professional actors were mainly actresses, adopting new performance methods such as standing singing and duet singing, forming a completely different performance mode from Qu You (mainly male). Around 1964, there were more than 70 professional actors and accompanists in Nanyang. Hu Zhong Rong Yun, a professional actor, and Wang Xiaoyue, head of Luanchuan County Rap Troupe (who later became the leader of Heluo Drum) performed a major song "Ersao Buy a Hoe" and participated in the national excellent Quyi program (Northern Film) and won the first prize. Quyi writers are also booming, among which Yuan Qingcen, Lan Jiantang, Yan, Cao and others are the backbone. It should be pointed out that when professional actors appeared, Qu You never stopped his activities. Around 1964, the number of Quyou was far greater than that of professional actors. After 1980s, China Quyi entered the ice age as a whole. "The problem is very serious and the situation is very serious", and the art circle is in an uproar. Quyi performances in the whole city, the whole province and the whole country are no longer held, and the actors can't get names and awards, and it is even more difficult to evaluate senior titles. Quyi writers can't produce works without gardens. There used to be a garden of Quyi works from People's Daily to newspapers at all levels. At present, there is only one thin Quyi magazine in the country, and five or six Quyi works are issued in each issue. Nanyang Quyi people also made a lot of efforts during the ice-hard period. Nanyang Rap Troupe is one of the few remaining Quyi troupes in the province. Mr. Luo Yang, former vice chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and chairman of the Chinese Quyi Association, visited the troupe three times and wrote an inscription for Nanyang Quyi Museum. Dozens of cast members went to the countryside, from Funiu Mountain to Tongbai Mountain, with footprints all over the country. "It is very hard, with more than 350 performances every year, and rural performances account for more than 60%." Zhu Guoming, head of the delegation, said. In 2002 10, the Nanyang Municipal Government allocated more than 600,000 yuan of special funds to rescue and sort out the lyrics and Bantou songs in Nanyang major, established an audio database of Bantou songs, produced a CD, and completed the Complete Works of Nanyang Quyi with eight volumes of more than 6 million words, of which the first three volumes were lyrics in Nanyang major. The famous writer Er Yuehe commented: "There is no limit to merit. If you don't collect these things, they will be gone in three to five years, and you can't collect them if you want to. This set of books is equivalent to "Book Integration" during the reign of Kangxi. " In 2005, Nanyang held the first "New Rhyme in Major" competition in Dengzhou, with more than 300 participants, 90% of whom were amateurs, ranging in age from 4 to 8 1 year, and some families. "At that time, the document required no more than three programs, but everyone prepared five or six programs." Lu Zihui, deputy director of Nanyang Group Art Museum, said. People's enthusiasm for mainstream music is high. The two grandchildren of Guangsheng Song, a friend of Dengzhou Quyou, won the gold medal, and Ma also won the silver medal. The competition in this prefecture-level city alarmed Liu Lanfang, chairman of the Chinese Music Association, who acted as a judge. He thought it was the first time for a prefecture-level city to organize such a competition in China. Liu Lanfang sighed: "Here, I see the potential of the people. Quyi must first have a mass base. With this foundation, there will be an audience, a soil for survival, and a potential for development. " □ Reporter Twain in midsummer Among the four major music schools in Henan, the biggest feature of Da Le is that it is non-professional, and the best talents are almost all musicians. On the evening of April 6, 2006, in the old town of Dengzhou, Nanyang City, a group of Quyou performed for reporters. These teahouses in Dengzhou Old Street are the places where Qu Youyun gathered. Nowadays, Qu You is mostly over 50 or 60 years old.