Educational goal of preschool children
Hygienic habit: 1. Wash your hands carefully and quickly, save water and don't splash the floor. 2. Have good eating habits and take the initiative to clean up the tableware after meals. 3. Have a good habit of taking a nap and arrange clothes independently after getting up; Girls can have short hair. 4. Pay attention to personal hygiene and wash your handkerchief yourself. 5, know some methods of self-protection: pay attention to safety during exercise, pay attention to rest when tired, and don't do strenuous exercise before and after meals. 6. You should know that you don't need to touch your teeth or lick your tongue when brushing your teeth. Action development: 1, can run 30 meters quickly. 2, can run and jump more than 50 cm, long jump more than 70 cm. 3. Be able to walk easily on the balance board. 4, can shoot the target. 5. In sports activities, I will cross obstacles, be agile, fast and have strong endurance, and can control the amount of activities. Learning ability: 1, can actively participate in various activities and persist in completing tasks, and can carefully manage and organize their school supplies. 2. I can use various materials and tools to make small toys according to my own imagination. 3, can take the initiative to find problems in learning activities and find a variety of ways to solve some simple problems. 4. Be familiar with addition and subtraction within 10, and compile and solve the simplest application problems. 5, can sing with expression, can dance with several different contents and styles rhythmically, and can recognize several musical instruments and music. 6. Be able to draw the plot according to life experience and story content, and arrange the picture reasonably; Can draw patterns, bright colors and symmetrical patterns; Be able to evaluate the works of yourself and your peers. Language development: 1, able to master more content words and function words and use them correctly in communication. 2. The story is clear and concise. 3, can actively participate in the discussion of topics, will evaluate other people's speeches. 4. Love literary works, and can express the characteristics of different types of literary works such as poetry, allegro, tongue twisters and stories when reading; Can simply summarize the theme of the work and imagine the development of the plot. Behavior habit: 1, can be humble to each other and learn to solve disputes by yourself; I am not proud of my progress, but happy for the progress of my peers. 2. Have a sense of collective honor and be able to abide by collective rules and public order. 3. Be able to pick up toys and books quickly and learn to repair damaged books. 4. Actively participate in public welfare labor, such as cleaning and planting trees. Work carefully and methodically. Respect your elders and treat others well, and you will give your seat to your elders. 6. Be able to distinguish right from wrong, strive to be correct, and try to overcome difficulties.
Investigation report on private kindergartens and kindergartens affiliated to primary schools in Shiyan city
From the overall survey, private kindergartens and preschool classes in our city have really solved the worries of many parents, especially the needs of parents of different levels, different conditions and different needs when public kindergartens cannot meet the needs of local parents of school-age children. It can be seen that private kindergartens and preschool classes do have their necessity and inevitability. However, judging from the results reflected in the field research table, there are indeed many problems and deficiencies in private kindergartens and preschool classes in our city, mainly in:
1, the number of kindergartens is large and small, lacking the concern and support of the government.
Private kindergartens in our city are all self-invested, self-managed and self-operated, and a large part of them are private kindergartens with small investment, small scale and family courtyard style. These kindergartens are the main bodies of non-standard kindergartens and the result of independent choice of preschool education market in economically underdeveloped areas. The management principles of local education administrative departments for private kindergartens are simple: policy encouragement, well-managed support, and suggestions for rectification of poor management. However, kindergartens that fail to pass the inspection cannot be banned (unqualified kindergartens have low fees and can meet the low-level needs of some parents and can survive on their own), and basically adopt a laissez-faire attitude. The main reason for this situation is the shortage of personnel and funds in the administrative department of preschool education. Therefore, the pre-school education management institutions in different places have the problem of "low enthusiasm and unwillingness to bother" to varying degrees, and are unable to do a good job in guiding private kindergartens and other services, which is difficult to manage and cannot solve substantive problems.
2. Preschool classes have many nicknames and develop rapidly, which has laid hidden dangers for the normal development of basic education.
The full name of preschool class is rural preschool one-year kindergarten (class). Preschool classes first appeared because some backward rural areas lacked the ability and conditions to run kindergartens, or kindergartens were insufficient. In order to meet the growth needs of preschool children, some village-run schools have set up preschool classes by using the teaching resources of primary schools. Over time, the current preschool classes have become obsolete, and many primary schools and kindergartens in urban areas have also set up kindergarten-style preschool classes, but the names have been changed to "Young Connecting Class", "Young Connecting Experimental Class", "Preschool Class 1 and Class 2" and "Big Class" ... Its essence is to let children get in touch with pinyin and calculation early and recite schoolbags early. Just put in a desk, a bench, a few worn-out so-called big toys (some don't even have any toys) and a small playground (some share a big playground with primary school students). Most teachers are new teachers or old teachers, and quite a few are temporary teachers hired, which is relatively mobile. It is understood that preschool classes attached to most primary schools have only one purpose: to supplement the lack of school funds.
As can be seen from the table 1, the preschool class is gradually expanding, because of the lack of management, and more importantly, the fees are low, and they have also learned "Pinyin and Calculation" to cater to the tastes of parents. Therefore, in recent years, the capacity of preschool classes is increasing, while the number of students in ordinary kindergartens is gradually decreasing. As a result, some regular public kindergartens are forced to set up preschool classes, dubbed as "big classes", while private kindergartens are close to preschool classes. Some public kindergartens even force them to learn from preschool classes. If they want to take it, they will take it at noon. If they don't want to take it, they will take it at noon, just to satisfy their parents and keep their students. If this trend continues, kindergartens will not be like kindergartens, and the safety of children will be hidden. Shiyan preschool education is worrying!
3. Kindergarten children tend to be younger.
Also influenced by preschool classes, according to the regulations, children aged 5-6 in large classes enter preschool classes, children aged 4-5 in middle classes in kindergartens enter large classes, and children aged 3-4 in small classes in kindergartens enter middle classes, while children in small classes in kindergartens only develop into younger groups, and some even recruit 1 1/2 years old children. Therefore, the imbalance of teaching materials, teachers and children has led to a vicious circle of systematization of knowledge and advanced teaching of knowledge, which has become a common problem in preschool education at present.
4. The conditions of private kindergartens are poor, and the safety of children is worrying.
Because private kindergartens in our city are all invested, managed and operated by themselves, when choosing kindergartens, they naturally choose places with less investment, convenient management and large population, and rarely consider the healthy development of children's body and mind. On-the-spot investigation in several large-scale kindergartens found that the houses were rented, and the design was not very good, with poor lighting and ventilation, lack of outdoor activity venues, no activity areas and few toys, and even the necessary electronic organ could not meet a class. Some kindergartens only provide teachers with teaching materials, and there are no teaching staff. Most of the time, children are locked in the classroom to study, and the light is insufficient, and the child's sitting posture and pen holding posture can not be corrected. Other kindergartens are not single-family, and idle people can enter and leave at will, which poses a great threat to children's safety. There are too many unpolished edges and corners in the park, which is also a hidden danger that easily causes children's safety problems.
5, cater to parents, run the park for profit, and the tendency of primary school is serious.
In order to survive, private kindergartens must recruit more children first. Recruit more children, first of all, the fees are lower than other parks, and second, meet the needs of parents and improve the teaching content. So, the little body carries a schoolbag and sits on a stool every day to learn pinyin and arithmetic. Even some kindergarten children in large classes practice writing more complicated Chinese characters in exercise books.
6. Teachers in private kindergartens are unprofessional, with high work intensity and low pay.
In recent years, due to the rise and continuous growth of private kindergartens and preschool classes, the profession of preschool teachers has gradually become popular. Kindergarten teachers in vocational high schools and technical secondary schools often sign up for private kindergartens before graduation, but they still can't meet the market of private kindergartens. Kindergarten teachers tend to be older (see Table 2), and the new force is extremely insufficient. Through the field investigation of several private parks, it is found that preschool teachers have great mobility, low pay and heavy workload after employment. In order to reduce investment, many kindergartens take one teacher to take one class (some also serve as a nurse), or three teachers to take two classes, from the morning when children enter the park to the evening when children leave the park, and take care of their children for a nap at noon. One nurse is responsible for 2-3 classes, and some simply serve as teachers and nurses. Moreover, the monthly salary is between 300-550 yuan, and even the basic life is difficult to guarantee, so after a period of employment, there are more job-hopping and career-changing. Many private kindergarten leaders said: kindergarten teachers and students are not easy to recruit. A few years later, I felt that my salary was low and there was no guarantee, so I resigned and changed careers. After they can't recruit kindergarten teachers and students, they will introduce teachers and students to supplement them, but they are not professional and need training. A considerable number of experienced preschool teachers have entered the preschool classes of the school to teach, because preschool teachers are relatively relaxed (preschool children don't take a nap, don't eat, and there are a lot of trivial things. This is also one of the main reasons why many kindergartens, even public kindergartens, actively rely on preschool management.
7. Children's teaching and research staff are under-equipped, lacking communication with public parks and peers, and the arrangement of regular education and teaching is arbitrary.
The document number the State Council Guofa [2003] 13 points out that in the next five years (2003-2007), the overall goal of preschool education is to form a development pattern with public kindergartens as the backbone and demonstration, kindergartens organized by social forces as the main body, and public and private, formal and informal education combined. However, due to the shortage of personnel, insufficient funds and poor news, the most important thing is that the preschool teachers and researchers in the county and city teaching and research departments are not equipped enough (most of them are part-time and have limited personal energy), and there is insufficient communication with public demonstration kindergartens and lack of correct guidance, which leads to the randomness and primary tendency of private kindergartens and preschool classes. In some kindergartens, especially preschool classes, the activities in the five fields have not even started, and pinyin and mathematics still dominate. The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) points out that time is a precious life process, and we should arrange and organize our daily life scientifically and reasonably so that children can spend every time in kindergarten meaningfully. It can be seen that it is very important to arrange and organize a day's life scientifically and reasonably! Private kindergartens and preschool classes should communicate with public parks more, and make reasonable and standardized daily activities and educational and teaching arrangements.
8. Teachers lack the guidance of "Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial)" and are not sure about the important and difficult points of the textbook.
Since September 20001year, the guiding outline of kindergarten education (for trial implementation) was promulgated, most public kindergartens in our city have undergone great changes in educational concepts and educational behaviors, but teachers in private kindergartens and preschool classes know little about the contents of the outline, let alone understand the interpretation of the outline. Both of them are Chinese textbooks published by Hubei Children's Publishing House, because teachers lack the guidance and related guidelines of the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) and don't understand several trends of kindergarten language development in China, namely, attaching importance to the development of children's language use ability, early reading of children and the creation of supportive language education environment. Putting aside Chinese textbooks and ignoring children's age and physical and mental characteristics, pinyin textbooks are the main ones. As a result, children and teachers are struggling, and primary schools have to learn from scratch, resulting in a double waste of time and economy. The most important thing is to kill children's enthusiasm for learning. It's really "planting other people's gardens and wasting your own fields"!
Four. Discussions and suggestions
1. Establish a sense of government responsibility, actively support the development of private education, advocate social forces to run parks, and develop preschool education through multiple channels.
After 20 years of reform and opening up, the social economy has undergone earth-shaking changes, and it is difficult for children from the past to enter a good kindergarten. At present, the proportion of high-quality kindergartens in the pre-school education structure of our city is small, which is in short supply. Therefore, government departments should appropriately increase investment to support a number of high-quality kindergartens to meet parents' demand for high-quality preschool education.
At the same time, actively advocate social forces to run kindergartens, absorb a large number of social idle funds to invest in preschool education, solve the difficulty of insufficient funds for preschool education, ensure the development of preschool education, meet the needs of people at different levels, standardize the hierarchical and diversified development of preschool education, and provide kindergartens at different levels according to the different economic conditions of urban and rural residents.
It is the responsibility of the government and the administrative department of education to run private kindergartens well. First of all, we should establish the government's sense of responsibility and actively support the development of private education; Secondly, we can learn from the experience of high school education development, allow public parks to intervene in the development of private parks, and expand high-quality preschool education resources; Finally, it is necessary to establish an evaluation-oriented and market-oriented supervision mechanism.
2, the higher authorities should strengthen the standardized management of private kindergartens, according to the standard classification, acceptance, regular inspection, the level should be linked to the charging standards, and gradually improve and improve the conditions for running the park.
The relevant education departments have already promulgated: Standards for the Establishment of Full-time and Boarding Kindergartens (1987), Code for Architectural Design of Nurseries and Kindergartens (1987), Working Rules for Kindergartens (for Trial Implementation) (1989) and Regulations on Kindergarten Management (65438). The promulgation and implementation of the Regulations on Kindergarten Work (1996) and the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) (2006) have played a positive role in promoting the development of preschool education. The competent department at a higher level should strengthen the standardized management of private kindergartens and preschool classes according to the above laws and regulations, and make classification, acceptance and regular inspection according to the standards, and the grades should be linked to the charging standards. Taking the annual inspection of private kindergartens as the starting point, some weak kindergartens with poor school conditions, low quality of education guarantee and bad social impact will be closed, and some kindergartens and preschool classes with potential safety hazards will be closed, such as being not single-family and frequented by unsupervised idlers. Because safety is the lifeline of kindergartens, only under the premise and guarantee of children's safety can education and teaching be carried out normally and the level of running kindergartens be improved.
3. When kindergartens can meet the needs of parents, preschool classes attached to primary schools should be banned, so that kindergartens can enter a virtuous circle.
Since the full name of preschool class is rural preschool one-year kindergarten (class), it is because in some backward rural areas, there is no ability and conditions to run kindergartens, or the degree of kindergartens is insufficient. In order to meet the growth needs of preschool children, some village-run schools use the teaching resources of primary schools to run schools. Then, in urban areas and some towns with better conditions, if kindergartens can meet the needs of parents, they should cancel the preschool classes attached to primary schools and let kindergartens be kindergartens.
4. Preschool classes should communicate with kindergarten education and teaching activities to make education and teaching closer to children's lives and more in line with children's age characteristics.
The preschool class in the primary school is a special group. For a long time, it has taken the initiative to move closer to primary school teaching, losing the characteristics of the kindergarten (class) one year before the start of school, and teaching the teaching content of the first grade of primary school in advance, which makes the teachers of the first grade of primary school very relaxed. After relaxing, the teachers of Grade One still complain that children are not accurate in pronunciation and have low interest in learning. The reason for this is that kindergarten teachers don't have a platform for communication and discussion, and they don't know where to go.
People call children aged 0-6 preschool children because this period is not suitable for them to study systematically, but only for them to accumulate perceptual experience and cultivate their interest in learning. Preschool students are likely to lose interest in learning by instilling all kinds of knowledge, and even equate learning with painful experiences, thus generating weariness. This is the most terrible thing. Early childhood education should respect children's physical and mental development characteristics and interest needs, so that education can get twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, we believe that preschool classes should communicate with kindergartens more, so that education and teaching can be closer to children's lives and more in line with their age characteristics.
5, equipped with children's teaching and research personnel, and gradually put the training of private kindergarten teachers into the agenda, and gradually standardize the behavior of running the park.
For a long time, the teacher training in private kindergartens is rare and seemingly dispensable, but early childhood education is an important part of basic education. Developing preschool education is of great significance for promoting children's all-round and healthy physical and mental development, popularizing compulsory education, improving the overall quality of the people and realizing the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. If education is neglected at this time, it will have a great impact on the development of society and individuals. Therefore, the training of private kindergarten teachers is becoming more and more important. Relevant teaching and research offices in counties and cities should also be equipped with children's teaching and research personnel, gradually put the training of private kindergarten teachers into the agenda, and gradually standardize the behavior of running parks.
6, through various channels, fully equipped with nursing staff, improve the treatment of teachers, reduce the workload of teachers, so that the teachers in private kindergartens are gradually stable, and also make time for teachers' teaching and scientific research.
Private kindergartens play a very important role in early childhood education, which is the demand of society and the demand that public kindergartens can't meet. Parents go to work early and get off work late. Large kindergartens have strong teachers, good conditions and high fees, which some parents can't afford. Teachers in private kindergartens are the mainstay and main force of private kindergartens. In order to keep teachers, it is necessary to improve their treatment, reduce their workload and let them have more time for teaching and scientific research.
7. Give play to the radiation and demonstration role of public demonstration kindergartens, and drive private kindergartens to gradually improve the concept of running parks.
Most counties and cities in our city have their own public demonstration kindergartens. We should give full play to the radiation and demonstration role of public demonstration kindergartens. Pre-school education researchers should take the lead in carrying out * * * discussion and exchange activities, implement the spirit of the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education into daily education and teaching, and drive private kindergartens to gradually improve the concept of running parks, so as to make the pre-school education in our city better, bigger and stronger!
Some parts of Guangdong will completely cancel preschool classes next year.
& lta href="" target="_blank " >& lt/a & gt； /10 2009 June 200917 June 2009 5438+03: 46 Jinyang Net-Yangcheng Evening News
Reporter Chen Xuemin reports: Next year, prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province and developed areas in the Pearl River Delta will completely cancel preschool classes. Yesterday, the Provincial Department of Education issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Rural Preschool Education", pointing out that kindergartens in the province, especially rural kindergartens, should strengthen management, avoid "primary school" kindergartens, and not assign homework and exams.
The Pearl River Delta canceled preschool classes on 20 10.
Preschool education is the basic stage of the school education system. Generally speaking, preschool refers to the preschool in the last year before children aged six or seven go to primary school. Generally speaking, from kindergarten to primary school is a transitional stage for children to better adapt to primary school life, but at present, many preschool classes are linked to primary schools.
The "Opinions" clearly stipulates that by 20 10, the pre-school education will be completely abolished in the urban areas of the Pearl River Delta and the prefecture-level cities in developed areas, and kindergartens will be set up instead, and other counties (cities) will cancel the pre-school education in counties (cities) and towns (streets) by 20 12.
Children's education funds are included in the audit scope.
In order to strengthen fund management, Guangdong plans to include preschool education funds in audit supervision to ensure earmarking. The fee income of kindergartens (preschool classes) and preschool classes shall not be used for the welfare of primary school teachers and other expenses of primary schools except for paying teachers' salaries. The Opinions also stipulate that investment in township central kindergartens or village-level kindergartens shall not be reduced or stopped, and township kindergartens shall not be sold or sold in disguise.
Homework is not allowed in kindergartens.
The Opinions specifically stipulate that kindergartens (classes) must avoid the tendency of "primary school". A person from the Provincial Department of Education said that kindergartens can't use the first-grade primary school textbooks, all kinds of exercise books and similar textbooks in advance, and it is strictly forbidden to use publications such as teaching software that have not been approved or recommended by the education department at or above the provincial level. Kindergartens cannot uniformly force children to learn pinyin, write Chinese characters, learn to do written arithmetic, assign homework to children, and are not allowed to take any form of tests and examinations.
Primary and secondary school teachers transfer to kindergartens.
The Provincial Department of Education also said that surplus primary school teachers can be transferred to kindergartens after job-transfer training. The status and treatment of teachers transferred to other posts will remain unchanged.
According to the relevant national and provincial regulations, qualified rural public kindergarten (preschool) teachers can be included in the management of public teacher establishment. The Opinions stipulate that local governments should actively guide college graduates majoring in preschool education to teach in rural areas and provide qualified teachers for preschool education in rural areas.
More news about canceling preschool classes
Shanghai cancels preschool classes for children of migrant workers
The Beijing Municipal Education Commission will cancel all preschool classes.
Beijing Municipal Education Commission will cancel preschool classes.
Beijing Municipal Education Commission: Cancel preschool classes on 20/0/0.
Changchun canceled preschool classes this year, and the school age dropped to 6 years old (photos)
Gansu will vigorously develop early childhood education and cancel preschool class B.