First, the basic situation of food industry in xx County
There are 9 10 registered catering service units and 2 12 unlicensed small catering outlets in our county; Food circulation business entities 1040, and unlicensed small food stores 62 1; There are 26 unlicensed food production enterprises and 20 small workshops1family; Unlicensed food mobile vendors/kloc-more than 0/00; Irregular distribution in the county towns. With the rapid growth of food industry, the food industry in our county has shown a good development momentum, and a number of famous products have emerged, including spicy beef, dragonfly noodles, dragon girl wine, salted eggs and so on. Chongqing Mall, a well-known retailer in the southwest business circle, took a fancy to the consumption potential of xx County and opened two retail stores in Yankou Town. Yinshan Holiday Hotel, Yuyuanzhuang, Snowflake Beer Style Street and other catering industry leaders and catering service demonstration streets have promoted the sound and rapid development of the catering industry in our county.
Second, the current situation and existing problems of food safety in xx County
In 20 14, in order to find out the current situation of food safety and seize the opportunity of "food sword action", our bureau concentrated on investigating a number of illegal and criminal acts of food, and then carried out special rectification work for many times, including food additives, rice, liquor, beverages, edible oil, meat and meat products. , the formation of investigating a case, deter one party, the role of education. Up to now, our bureau has handled a total of 127 cases of illegal food production and operation, with a total fine of 233,300 yuan. At the same time, in order to prevent food safety risks, according to the food sampling plan issued by the Municipal Bureau at the beginning of the year and the actual situation of our county, our bureau carried out a total of 96 batches of people's livelihood projects, and 6 batches were unqualified, with a qualified rate of 97.8%; 55 batches were randomly selected, and 32 batches were unqualified, with a pass rate of 41.8%; The unqualified products shall be given administrative punishment in accordance with the relevant provisions of laws and regulations. We are soberly aware that compared with previous years, the overall situation of food safety in our county has improved, but the safety situation is still not optimistic, as shown in the following aspects:
(A) weak food safety supervision. First, the number of supervisors is small. According to the "three decisions" plan, the overall establishment of * * * is 80 people, and 46 people are in place. There are 23 people engaged in food safety supervision. Food safety supervision has a large area, a long front, a weak supervision foundation and many dynamics. At the same time, the food industry has the characteristics of low quality and strong mobility of employees. Even if the existing supervisors are overworked, the supervision rate of 100% cannot be achieved. Second, there is a lack of supervision equipment. At present, our bureau has two sets of rapid inspection equipment, which can only do basic inspection for a few varieties. Faced with a wide variety of foods, most of our law enforcement officers identify fake and shoddy products by looking, smelling, touching and checking shopping vouchers with the naked eye. The material and technical force supporting food safety work can not be guaranteed, and it is difficult to find it in time and investigate and deal with illegal acts in time. Third, office space is limited. Our bureau has six supervision offices, which are the agencies of our bureau. The office space has been transferred to the township government where the supervision office is located, but it is not working normally at present. The supervision office lacks a series of office equipment such as computers, printers and law enforcement vehicles.
(2) Food safety hazards are outstanding. First, operators' awareness of food safety is weak and hidden dangers are prominent. The entry threshold of the food industry is low, and most of the employees come from laid-off workers in rural areas or towns, with relatively low education level and weak awareness of food safety. They didn't implement the system of incoming goods inspection and ledger registration, or the system of claiming certificates and tickets was incomplete, so they couldn't handle the food beyond the shelf life in time and lacked basic food safety knowledge, which left a huge food safety hazard. Second, consumers' awareness of food safety is not high and it is difficult to safeguard their rights. Many consumers in our county have no basic awareness of food safety, especially some old people and children don't look at the signs such as production date, shelf life and factory name and address when buying food, which gives some unscrupulous operators an opportunity; However, some business households often do not take the initiative to provide invoices and small tickets. Once there is a problem, it will be more difficult to defend rights. Third, the rural vegetable market has many names and disorder. There are many kinds of cheap food in rural vegetable markets, and there are also many fake and shoddy foods. Because rural consumers generally know little about food safety, the food safety supervision power of our bureau is weak. The rural food market and the urban-rural fringe are dumping places for low-priced and inferior food, and rural consumers are also direct victims of counterfeit and shoddy food.
(c) Lack of orderly competition in the food industry. First, the scale of food production and business households is not scattered. The food stores in our county are widely distributed, and there are food producers and operators from urban areas to rural areas where several people and more than a dozen people gather. But most of them are small. Two tables can build a small restaurant, dozens of snacks, a few bottles of wine and a few bags of sugar can build a small grocery store. There are small workshops built with simple production tools in the humble shack. At the same time, many catering service units and food circulation business households in rural areas have not obtained relevant licenses, and small workshops have not been filed by the regulatory authorities, which has brought great difficulties to the supervision of functional departments. Second, the food industry is small, scattered, chaotic and poor. As a general service industry, the food industry generally has less investment and low technical content. Although it is completely chosen by market competition, due to the lack of effective guidance from the government, there are widespread problems such as small, scattered, chaotic and poor, and lack of orderly competitiveness. In addition to registered catering service units, food circulation business households, food production enterprises and small workshops, food mobile vendors can be seen everywhere. Because it is impossible to supervise and control the raw and auxiliary materials, manufacturing and selling process and environmental sanitation of unlicensed or registered food producers, there are hidden dangers in the quality and safety of food produced and sold.
(D) Food safety supervision is difficult. First, there is a lack of regulatory basis. In 20 14, the whole province conducted a systematic investigation and statistics on the main bodies of food production and operation, but the supervision measures for the "four small" have not yet been introduced, and the applicable legal provisions of law enforcement personnel in the actual law enforcement process are not clear, which is not feasible in the law enforcement process. Second, the number of supervised objects is huge. Our bureau is responsible for the supervision of the whole food market except for edible agricultural products entering the circulation field, covering the supervision of food production, food circulation, catering services and bazaars, with many supervision objects. Third, the illegal cost is low. At present, the main laws and regulations on food safety are "People's Republic of China (PRC) Food Safety Law" and "Regulations on the Implementation of Food Safety Law". Relevant legal liability clauses reflect that the illegal cost of China's food industry is low, the profit margin is large, the illegal cost is much lower than the illegal income, and intentional illegal phenomena occur frequently. Fourth, the division of regulatory responsibilities is not clear. This year's "poisonous bean sprouts" incident frequently appeared in newspapers and was once pushed to the forefront of public opinion. The main reason is that the division of supervision responsibilities is unclear, and the supervision of bean sprouts is in a vacuum zone.
Legal propaganda is inefficient. First, the benefit of legal publicity is narrow. Although our bureau carries out food safety-related laws and regulations and food safety knowledge publicity activities every year with the help of 3. 15, food safety publicity week, science and technology publicity day and other important time nodes, the beneficiaries are basically concentrated in urban areas and township governments, and farmers fail to understand food safety-related knowledge in time, and their awareness of food safety is low. Second, legal education has not kept up. In the actual supervision process, we found that many food operators did not know that they had violated the law or that their actions were illegal, and some thought that they could get away with it as long as they were fined, which reflected that the efforts of legal education and publicity were far from keeping up. Some business households focus on economic benefits, and they don't know enough about food safety electronic traceability, claiming certificates and tickets, purchasing and selling accounts, which is troublesome and passive. Some consumers have a weak sense of self-protection. When buying food, you don't look at the production date, shelf life, certificate and verification, and you don't have a strong awareness of rights protection when there is a consumer dispute. Although our bureau conducts training on food safety-related laws and regulations for food employees every year, some food employees have poor sense of responsibility and are very casual in operation, which is far from the provisions of laws and regulations.
Third, the causes of food safety problems analysis
The problem of food safety in our county is complex, and the hidden dangers of food safety are prominent. The reason for this is the following：
(1) Insufficient human, financial and material support. One is the shortage of human resources. After the institutional reform, the number of vacancies in our bureau is relatively large, and the existing personnel are integrated from multiple departments. Food safety supervision needs to go through three stages: learning period, running-in period and proficiency period, and food safety problems will also go through a concentrated outbreak period. Second, there is insufficient material support. At present, there is a serious shortage of office equipment and law enforcement equipment in our bureau, which seriously restricts the supervision of the food industry in the county and lays a foundation for food safety hazards. Third, the financial guarantee is insufficient. The government has little investment in food safety, and there is a lack of funds for sampling inspection. When suspicious food is found, it is impossible to conduct sampling inspection in time and lock the evidence, resulting in a passive state of law enforcement and supervision.
(2) The management level of the food industry is low. First, the food industry has a low degree of standardization. Almost all the existing food producers and operators in our county adopt family management, and different members of the family play different roles in different aspects of food production and management, controlling all aspects of raw material procurement, production and processing, and factory sales. In actual operation, they don't strictly abide by the operating rules, mainly rely on experience, which is arbitrary and can't guarantee the quality and safety of products from the source. Second, the standardization of food industry is not high. Although food production enterprises have formulated corresponding product implementation standards and management systems, it is found in actual inspection that due to the influence of cultural quality and cost, enterprises can not strictly implement the established standards and systems, which are mainly manifested in the casual wearing of work clothes, shoes and hats by food production employees, incomplete purchase and sale records, intermittent records of food additives purchase and use, and the factory inspection of products. At the same time, there is a lack of food safety management personnel in production enterprises, and food safety risks are great.
(C) mediocre means of food safety supervision. First, law enforcement and supervision are fragmented. Food safety supervision is a systematic project involving many functional departments. However, from the performance of years of supervision, the frequency of joint law enforcement by various departments is low, the amount of information exchange is small, and the deterrent effect is not good, which can not eliminate food safety hazards in time. Second, social participation is low. At present, food safety issues are relatively concentrated. In particular, in order to avoid law enforcement inspection, some fake dens are hidden in residential areas and start work during non-working hours or at night. It is difficult to find out in time that inferior food flows into the market by relying on the daily inspections of law enforcement personnel, and there are great food safety hazards. Most people know about it, but they will not report it to the food and drug administration and the public security organs in time, which leads to the criminals escaping legal sanctions.
Four. Countermeasures and suggestions on strengthening food safety supervision in our county
(a) to enrich the regulatory power, do a good job in security. After the institutional reform, food supervision has a wide range and a large area, but law enforcement personnel and equipment can not meet the actual needs of law enforcement, and township food and drug supervision offices can not perform their supervisory duties normally. It is hoped that the higher authorities can speed up the enrichment of the food supervision team, give full play to the role of the township food safety office, hire food safety coordinators in townships and village communities, cooperate with the regulatory authorities to carry out food safety supervision, further increase investment in food supervision, and equip them with sophisticated and accurate food supervision equipment to form a joint force of food safety supervision to ensure food safety.
(two) to increase publicity and enhance safety awareness. On the one hand, governments at all levels should give full play to the guiding role of the media and public opinion, publicize food safety-related knowledge, popularize food safety-related laws and regulations, raise people's awareness of food safety consumption and rights protection, and enhance their preventive ability; On the other hand, our bureau will continue to increase food safety training and education for food production, circulation and catering business owners, further improve the consciousness and self-discipline of food production and marketing owners, enhance the awareness of the first responsible person, legal system and social morality of enterprise legal persons, and ensure food safety.
(3) Build an information platform and build safety protection. On the one hand, we should attach importance to the construction of food safety information network, and all functional departments should exchange basic information reported to food production and business units and small workshops, strengthen communication and cooperation, realize resource sharing, information exchange and dynamic management, and build a "firewall" for food safety supervision. On the other hand, the media at all levels should guide the masses to join the food safety supervision team, and call 1233 1 to report complaints in time when problems are found, so as to form a good situation of social co-governance and let criminals have nowhere to live.
(4) Strengthen supervision and eliminate supervision blind spots. First, strict market access, resolutely refuse to issue certificates to food units that do not meet the hygiene requirements, and resolutely ban unlicensed business units with extremely poor operating conditions and serious safety hazards. The second is to increase the punishment, to crack down on food safety violations, and to investigate and deal with them together, and never be soft. The third is to strengthen the supervision of food production enterprises, school canteens, large supermarkets and catering units, further implement various food safety systems, clarify that legal persons of all units are the first responsible persons for food safety, and firmly establish food safety awareness. The fourth is to carry out daily supervision and special rectification to ensure that the duties are in place. We should focus on dealing with the chaos with criminals and never be soft-hearted. The fifth is to highlight key links and intensify the crackdown. We will make great efforts to investigate and deal with key food safety links such as illegal addition of non-edible substances, abuse of food additives, consumption of expired and inferior food to produce processed food, and passing pork off as beef, and resolutely crack down on food crimes.
(V) Innovating supervision methods and improving supervision level. In the process of law enforcement, law enforcement officers should firmly establish a people-oriented supervision mode, adhere to the combination of strict law enforcement and quality service, and vigorously strengthen services while strengthening supervision, so as to pay equal attention to supervision and service, integrate supervision into services, and embody services through supervision. In order to facilitate the supervision of food mobile vendors, it is suggested that the county government delimit the concentrated areas of food mobile vendors in the gathering places of food mobile vendors, implement unified management, eliminate potential food safety hazards and consolidate the foundation of food safety.
(six) to strengthen team building, improve the quality of personnel. Quality construction is the core issue of law enforcement team construction. Without a high-quality law enforcement team, it is impossible to have a high-level law enforcement work. We should pay attention to the combination of study and practice and strengthen the quality construction of law enforcement team. First, change the style of law enforcement and establish a good image of law enforcement. Insist on building the party for the public and governing for the people as the core, take comprehensively promoting administration according to law as the goal, take people's satisfaction as the standard, combine advanced education with rectifying thoughts, style and discipline, and guide every law enforcement officer to think deeply: as a member of the food supervision department, how to do his job well and realize the requirements of the Chinese dream. The second is to train law enforcement personnel in strict legal knowledge, professional common sense and law enforcement behavior norms, take systematic study of laws and regulations as a regular compulsory course in their work, strengthen their understanding of deep-seated legal theories, and improve the quality of law enforcement. Third, on the basis of systematic learning, strengthen practical application and practice, and transform the learned knowledge into practical ability to standardize and guide work.
(seven) to strengthen industry self-discipline and build a credit system. On the basis of finding out the family property, our bureau should implement the responsibility of food safety at all levels, sign the responsibility book of food safety objectives, and put the responsibility on the heads of production and business households. At the same time, strengthen the construction of industry self-discipline system and credit system, establish and improve food safety credit evaluation, food safety information disclosure, food safety credit management and other systems, enhance the food credit awareness of the whole society, create a good food safety credit environment, and put an end to intentional violations.
(8) Increase investment in supervision and build a guarantee. The people's government at the county level should increase financial input to solve the practical difficulties of the bureau and the supervision room and the inspection and testing center without office space; At the same time, arrange special funds to purchase inspection and testing equipment, so that county-level food and drug inspection and testing centers can perform inspection and testing duties normally, conduct sampling inspection immediately when problems are found, investigate and deal with them in time when problems are found, eliminate potential food safety hazards, and build new food safety guarantees.