"Sonata form" is a large-scale musical structure in western music, which is often due to the first movement of divertimento. It contains several presenting parts, unfolding parts and reappearing parts, as well as a specific tonal layout, which is characterized by contradiction and dramatic development. Because it is usually used in the 1 movement of sonata, and allegro speed is often used, it is also called the 1 movement form of sonata or allegro form of sonata. This form is not only used in sonatas, but also has corresponding movements in chamber music, concertos, symphonies and other large-scale music works. In addition, it is also common in overtures, symphonic poems and other works.
2.Mendelssohn
German composer, conductor and pianist Mendelssohn. Received a good education since childhood,/kloc-published his work A Midsummer Night's Dream at the age of 0/7. And began a wide range of social activities and music creation. 184 1 went to Berlin as the royal music director, 1843 founded the Leipzig Conservatory of Music. Mendelssohn's creative themes are extensive, emphasizing the structure of classical music and injecting romance. The music is clear, the image is vivid, the structure is symmetrical and rigorous, and the harmony is colorful.
3. Symphonic poetry
A symphony music with a single movement title, born out of the concert overture of19th century, emphasizes the expression of poetry and philosophy. Symphonic poetry is not unique in form, and it is often played freely according to the principle of sonata form. The name of symphonic poem was created by Liszt. He believes that "the title can give instrumental music all kinds of subtle personality colors, which are almost the same as those expressed by different forms of poetry", so he associates the title symphony music with poetry and calls it symphonic poetry. His thirteen symphonic poems take poetry, drama, painting and historical deeds as themes, and widely use the method of theme deformation to shape the artistic image of specific titles.
Step 4 propose
The opening song of opera, ballet, drama or other dramatic works, as well as vocal and instrumental suites. /kloc-the overture of the early opera in the 0/7th century is a short opening music with no fixed form. /kloc-after the second half of the 0/8th century, the overture mostly adopted sonata-style dramatic structure.
5. Modern Suite
Modern suite, also known as "plot suite", rose in the19th century and consists of several pieces selected from opera, ballet, drama music or movie music. Some suites are written according to specific titles or national music materials, such as the Perl Gint Suite by Norwegian composer Grieg, the Cheikh Lachada by Russian composer rimsky and the Czech Suite by Czech composer dvorak.
6. Suite
Suite is composed of several instrumental music, and each capital is relatively independent. The structure of the suite is relatively free, and the logical relationship between movements is not as rigorous as other suites.
7. minuet
Minuet originated from an ancient folk dance in France. It entered the court in the17th century, and gradually became slow and elegant, and gradually prevailed in aristocratic society. Named after the small dance steps. Three times the time, moderate speed, can describe many etiquette trends, elegant and beautiful style. Its structure is a three-stage musical form, and the middle part is often written in three parts, so it is called "three-part middle part". /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, minuets formed the third movement of symphonies and sonatas.
8. Double presentation part
The double presentation part refers to the unique structural part of the first movement in the classical concerto, which is generally divided into two presentations when stating the theme. The first is the theme presentation of the band, and then the collaborative presentation of the soloist and the band. This also appears in the works of some romantic composers. Mendelssohn began to change, and the double presentation part was replaced by the single presentation part.
9. What instrument groups does the symphony orchestra include? What instruments does each instrument group include?
Symphony orchestras (orchestras) generally include string groups, woodwinds, brass groups and percussion groups, and each group specifically includes the following instruments: woodwinds: flute, piccolo, oboe, English pipe, bassoon, clarinet, saxophone, harmonica and Scottish bagpipes. String instruments: violin, viola, cello, double bass, classical guitar, mandolin, electric guitar, electric bass, harp. Brass instruments: trumpet, horn, trombone, bass tuba. Percussion instruments: timpani, drum, snare drum Jr., bell tube, xylophone, piano, electronic drum, jazz drum, triangle iron, iron horn, cymbals, Spanish castanets, sand hammers and gongs.
10, harp
The harp is the oldest plucked instrument in the world. Because of its rich connotation and beautiful sound quality, the harp has become a special colored instrument in the symphony orchestra. It is mainly used as a decorative sentence of harmony and glide, which often plays the role of finishing touch and makes the audience unforgettable. Solo can play soft and beautiful lyric or cadenza, which is very infectious.
1, talk about how Rimsky-Korsakov's symphonic suite "Sheikh Lachard" shows the image of the king and Sheikh Lachard.
Symphony suite based on Arabian nights. This symphony suite is completely oriental in color. The author selected four stories from Arabian Nights as the titles of the four movements of the suite. All four movements have the so-called "Sheikh Lachard theme", that is, a violin solo is used to express the story of Sheikh Lachard. The theme of King Shang Ruhr is deep and rude, but it is softened between responsibilities in later movements and becomes a gentle theme.
2. Simply compare the similarities and differences between symphonic poems and overtures.
Both are symphonic music themes of one movement. Symphonic poetry has a relatively free structure and is a typical title music. Overture generally follows the structural principle of sonata form and has a title.
3. Talk about the simple development track of the symphony orchestra.
The real formation of the symphony orchestra was in the last few hundred years, strictly speaking, during the period when the classical music school in Vienna flourished. Before that, the structure of the symphony orchestra was not perfect, just some orchestras with incomplete organization. For example, in the creation of Haydn and Mozart, the establishment and scale of bands are limited to small bands with chamber music characteristics. The form and organization of the symphony orchestra have been perfected in Beethoven's creation. For example, in Beethoven's symphony creation, a symphony orchestra with two pipes or three pipes has been basically determined. Later, in the whole romantic music process from the early stage to the late stage of 19 century, the arrangement and combination form of the symphony orchestra was further improved. The appearance of the large-scale four-pipe symphony orchestra and the addition of various characteristic instruments have enriched the acoustic effect and artistic expression of the symphony orchestra. These features are especially reflected in the works of modern composers in the 20th century, such as Mahler, Richard Strauss, proffitt Yev, Shostakovich and Stravinsky.
4. Talk about the performance of solo instrument cello.
Cello is an indispensable stringed instrument in symphony orchestra. In the symphony orchestra, they often play melodious phrases and also play the bass part of harmony with the double bass. Cello has strong singing ability, rich and full timbre, cheerful personality, good at playing lyric melody and expressing profound and complicated feelings.
5. What pictures did Bedrich Smetana's vltava river show?
Vltava river is the second part of the composer's symphony suite My Motherland. The headline reads: "vltava river has two sources-two streams flowing through the forest where the cold wind is howling, one cool and the other gentle. Two streams merged into a torrent, rushing to pebbles, reflecting the brilliant sunshine. It lingers in the forest, listening to the echo of the hunting horn; It crossed the field and enjoyed the harvest. On both sides of it, there was the joyful sound of rural wedding, and water sprite was playing charming songs on the waves in the moonlight. On the cliff near the wilderness, the ruins of the castle with memories of its past glory and exploits are listening to its waves. Along the St. John's Canyon, vltava river ran down and hit. The rock cliffs make a loud noise, and then the river runs wider to Prague and flows through the ancient Visegrad, showing all its magnificence and solemnity. Vltava river continued to roll forward and finally merged with the huge water flow of the Elbe River and gradually disappeared in the distance. "
6. Talk about the lyric understanding of Mozart's 40th symphony.
Compared with Haydn's symphonies and those before Mozart, the 40th Symphony is obviously lyrical, and now it is full of melancholy and sadness, so some people call it Witt Symphony. All these show the lyrical features of this work. You can have your own understanding and opinions to answer this question.
7. Briefly introduce Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's 18 12 solemn overture.
Overture 18 12 is an orchestral work adapted from the historical facts of Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 18 12. In this overture, the composer clearly and hierarchically described the event 18 12, including the peaceful life of the Russian people, the subsequent turmoil and riots, the fighting between the Russian and French armies, and the carnival scene in which Russia defeated the French army and the Russian people celebrated their victory. The music is written in the form of sonatas, using tunes such as Marseillaise and Russian folk songs.
8. How many parts are there in William Toole's overture? What are their titles?
Rossini's opera William Tell, whose overture is more famous than the opera itself, is one of the programs often performed in concerts. This overture is divided into four movements and played continuously. It is a rare opera overture with a sub-movement. The first movement is poetic and named Dawn. The second movement is the storm; The third movement describes a fresh pastoral scenery after the storm, called silence; The fourth movement is progressive music full of light and heat, called cavalry symphony.
9. How many parts does William Tourre overture have? What are their titles?
Rossini's opera William Tell, whose overture is more famous than the opera itself, is one of the programs often performed in concerts. This overture is divided into four movements and played continuously. It is a rare opera overture with a sub-movement. The first movement is poetic and named Dawn. The second movement is the storm; The third movement describes a fresh pastoral scenery after the storm, called silence; The fourth movement is progressive music full of light and heat, called cavalry symphony.
10. What is a headline symphony?
The title symphony is a kind of symphonic music created by Berlioz who advocates the romantic music ideal, that is, music expresses certain ideological content and even characters. He established his position in history with the creation of Fantasia Symphony, and at the same time opened up a new way of romantic music creation, which was imitated by many imitators.
1. What is the theme of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony? Talk about your own understanding.
2. Taking Debussy's The Sea as an example, this paper discusses the style characteristics of impressionist music.