Concept introduction
I'm going to paint the table pink.
I'm going to paint the table pink.
The desk in the sentence is the object. Generally speaking, a sentence consists of a "subject-predicate-object" structure-that is, if the above sentence is
I'm going to paint the table. It is also completely correct.
(My Subject) (Colored Predicate) (Table Object)
The simplest example of subject-predicate-object structure is "I love you". A sentence is correct as long as it has such a subject, predicate and object as "I love you".
Then why is there pink behind the desk? Because I want to add something I want to draw a table. What I want to do is not only paint the table, but also paint it pink. "pink" is an object complement in a sentence. Pink expounds the state of the desk, which makes the meaning of the sentence more complete.
"pink" is an adjective and is used as an object complement. There are infinitives, present participles, past participles, adverbs and prepositional phrases that can be used as object complements. Generally speaking, an object is usually followed by an object.
In addition to the above parts of speech or phrases, nouns can also be used as object complements. For example, I hope my car is this color. I hope my car is this color.
For example:
I find learning English different. The difficulty is that adjectives are used as object complements.
I saw the kite floating up and down.
Tom made the girl cry. Cry is a non-predicate verb as an object complement.
Verbs that often follow compound objects are: call (call), named (call), make (do), think (think), find (find), leave (leave), keep (keep), nominate (appoint), choose, elect (elect), define (define) and see. Treat, accept, consider (consider), find, mention (mention), accept (accept), acknowledge (acknowledge), describe, postpone (describe), express (show), declare (announce), condemn (accuse) and employ (employ).
Types of object complement
Adjectives as object complements, such as:
We found your child. You shouldn't leave children unattended.
Son, we found it. You really shouldn't leave children unattended.
The sensory verbs feel, find, hear, listen, see, watch, notice, observe, look and smell can be used as complements of present participles, past participles and infinitives without to, such as:
I saw him being beaten.
I watched him get beaten. (Emphasize that the action is going on and the hitter is hitting)
I smell something burning in the kitchen.
I smell something burning in the kitchen. (Emphasize that the action is in progress)
I saw her being beaten at the school gate.
I witnessed her being beaten at the school gate. She was beaten, not beaten.
The deputy saw a car parked here last night.
Agents saw a car parked here last night. (emphasize that passive cars are parked by people)
I watched you leave.
I watched you leave. (Emphasize the whole process of action)
I once saw him hit three people in a bar.
I once saw him hit three people in a bar. (Emphasize the whole process of action)
When the causative verbs let, make and have are used as object complements, the infinitive to must be omitted
Let her go.
Let her go.
The young couple are busy with all kinds of things, so they decided to organize it.
Wedding company. (have+sth+ past participle means to finish something)
Both husband and wife are busy, so let the wedding company handle their wedding.
The infinitive (to do) is used as an object complement. When requested, obtained, prohibited, etc. Followed by object complement, infinitive does not omit to.
I can't get him to talk.
I can't get him to talk.
When help takes an object complement, the infinitive can take to or not.
Help me choose a good one.
Help me choose a good one.
If the object and object complement are logically passive, the object complement must use the past participle form, such as:
Jenny hopes that Mr Smith can come up with a good way to improve her written English in a short time.
Jenny hopes that Mr Smith can come up with a good way to improve her English writing in a short time.
If the object and object complement are logically active, the object complement must be in the present participle form, such as:
He could hear his heart beating faster.
He could hear his heart beating faster.
Supplement: The common structures of simple sentences are:
"Subject+Predicate" structure: A sentence consists of a subject and a predicate, and the predicate verb is an intransitive verb.
"Subject+Predicate+Object" structure: the predicate verb is a transitive verb followed by the object.
"Subject+Verb+Predicate" Structure: Predicates are usually nouns or adjectives.
"Subject+Predicate+Indirect Object+Direct Object" Structure: Predicate verbs are transitive verbs.
"Subject+Predicate+Object+Object Complement" structure: After some sentences have the first three components, an object complement is needed to supplement the object, indicating the identity and characteristics of the object and making the sentence complete. Object and object complement together form a compound object.
suit
1. Do the object complement after the verb expressing mental state.
These verbs include: consider, think, believe, discover, discover, imagine, judge, assume, prove and so on. The infinitive after such verbs is usually "to be+ adjective or noun" structure, and to be can often be omitted after think, consider and find.
We consider him a good teacher.
We consider him a good teacher.
2. Make an object complement after the verb expressing the emotional state.
Such verbs include: love, like, like more, hate, want, hope, expect and so on.
I'd rather you left him? One person.
I hope you don't disturb him.
Note: verbs such as hope, demand and suggest cannot be followed by infinitives as object complements.
Me? Hope? You can give me a hand.
I hope you can help me.
explain
In English, some transitive verbs are still incomplete when connected with the object, and need 1 other sentence components to supplement the meaning and state of the object. This situation is called object complement, which is extremely important in English. I heard Joan singing this morning. The "Jean" in the sentence is obviously the object. But the subject I heard is not "Qin", but "Qin singing", which is the object complement in the sentence. There is a logical subject-predicate relationship between it and the object, that is, logically speaking, "let" performs the action of "singing". The "singing" in the sentence is the present participle as the object complement. There are infinitives, present participles, past participles, adjectives, adverbs, object-object phrases and so on that can be used as object complements. Generally speaking, an object is usually followed by an object. I find it difficult to learn English. "Difficult" is an adjective, which is used as an object complement.
Usage of position change
The two components of a compound object are a logical "subject-predicate relationship" in meaning, and the object complement (abbreviated as object complement) explains the category, nature and state of the person or thing represented by the object. The position of object complement in a sentence is relatively fixed, with a single one following the noun and multiple ones at the end of the sentence.
However, due to various reasons, this relatively fixed position of Binbu sometimes changes. Generally speaking, there are four kinds of sentence patterns for the positional variation of object complements:
Sentence pattern 1
Object complement+subject+predicate+object In this sentence pattern, the object complement moves forward to the beginning of the sentence (or the beginning of the clause). There are mainly the following situations.
1. Move forward to show emphasis. When we want to emphasize the object complement, we will move it to the beginning of the sentence. The object complements placed at the beginning of a sentence can be nouns, adjectives (phrases), participle phrases, prepositional phrases, etc.
For example, they elected Eleanor as the chairman of the Committee.
They elected Eleanor as the chairman of the Committee.
2. For the sake of sentence coherence, move forward in complex sentences. Sometimes, in order to better connect with the previous clauses, make the meanings between clauses more closely linked, and express the meaning more clearly and forcefully, the object complement of the following clauses is mentioned at the beginning of the sentence.
He has become a traitor, and he has a home, and? Traitor? We'll call him.
He has become a traitor, so we must call him a traitor.
3. Move forward for comparison. In complex sentences, the moving forward of object complement helps to clearly compare two things with different meanings mentioned between two adjacent clauses. For example:
I know you are careless, but? Dishonest? Never thought about you.
I know you are careless, but I never think you are dishonest.
4. In exclamatory sentences, the object complement moves forward. In an exclamatory sentence that emphasizes the object complement, the object complement must be followed by what or how. Such as: what a? Villains? He must think.
He'll think I'm a big bad guy
5. In interrogative sentences, the object complement moves forward. Use interrogative words as object complements or ask the question of "interrogative words+object complements". At this time, the interrogative word or "interrogative word+object complement" must move forward to the beginning of the sentence. For example:
What? Do you call this flower?
What do you call this flower?
6. The object complement moves forward in adverbial clauses: in middle school English, in adverbial clauses guided by as and How. Sometimes it is necessary to mention the object complement at the beginning of the clause and then adopt the normal word order. For example:
Charming? When he found her, she attacked him quite impudently.
Although he thinks she is beautiful, he still thinks she is arrogant.
Sentence pattern 2
There are two main reasons for the structure of subject+predicate+object complement+object:
1. When the object (or its modifier) is long and the object complement is short, in order to balance the sentence structure, the object complement is placed before the object. Some common verb phrases, such as cutting, shortening, exposing, letting slip, letting go, determining, making clear, making good, making possible, releasing, etc. This is the case. For example:
No? Fly away? This strange bird.
Don't let this strange bird go.
2. When the object itself has a long attributive or appositive, put the object complement before the object.
They proved it? The news brought by the new tourists is wrong.
They proved that the news brought by the new guests was untrue.
Sentence pattern 3
Object+subject+predicate+object complement is sometimes mentioned at the beginning of a sentence to emphasize the object, and the object complement follows the predicate.
Such as: this substance? We call it water, second only to oxygen.
We call this substance water, which is second only to oxygen. )
We call this substance water, which is second only to oxygen.
Sentence pattern 4
Subject+Predicate+Object+Other Components+Object Complement Sometimes an attribute, appositive, adverbial or parenthesis is inserted between the object and the object complement, resulting in the separation of the object and the object complement.
1. Because there is an inseparable attribute or apposition behind the object, the object complement has to be placed after the attribute or apposition of the object. He found that the name he wanted was deliberately written on a door.
He saw the name he was looking for written vaguely on a door.
2. Insert adverbial
I once saw a jewel fish, and in such an activity of transporting lost children, I did something that shocked me.
Once I saw the gem fish make an action that surprised me in the process of transporting the lost small fish.
3. Insert brackets
Mr. President, I implore you, let's stop deceiving ourselves.
Sir, I beg you to stop deceiving yourself.
The above-mentioned changes in the position of object complements are common in papers related to language practice. Only when you are familiar with it can you read smoothly and understand correctly.