Camellia is an evergreen shrub of Theaceae. Anti-winter, Datura, etc. It belongs to Theaceae, evergreen shrub or small tree, and its height can reach 3 ~ 4 meters. The trunk is smooth and hairless. The leaves are oval or oval, with serrated edges, leathery and bright green surface. Single flower pairs are born in leaf axils or branch tops, and petals are nearly round. There are 50 ~ 60 varieties with double petals, and the colors are red, white, yellow and purple. The flowering period varies with different varieties. 10 blooms from April to the following year. The capsule is round and mature in late autumn, but most double flowers can't bear fruit. Camellia is a famous woody flower since ancient times, which reached its peak in the Tang and Song Dynasties until it was introduced to Europe in the17th century, causing a sensation and gaining the reputation of "world famous flower". Its nature likes cold and humid climate and is not resistant to high temperature. The soil quality is not critical, and sandy soil with high humidity is more suitable, and both full sunshine and half sunshine are suitable. Flowers and fruits are capsules with large peel and thick thickness, containing more than 2 seeds 1 ~ 2. Habit of origin
China, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Shandong; Japan and the Korean peninsula are also distributed. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree. I like semi-shade, avoiding the hot sun. Like warm climate, the suitable growth temperature is 18 ~ 25℃, and the initial flowering period is 2℃. Slightly cold-tolerant, general varieties can tolerate-10℃ low temperature and heat, but the growth above 36℃ is inhibited. Like high air humidity, avoid drying, and grow in areas with annual precipitation 1200mm or more. I like fertile and loose slightly acidic soil, and the pH value is preferably 5.5 ~ 6.5. There are two buds a year, the first one is spring bud, and the third one is summer bud in March-April and July-September. The flowering period is long, most varieties are 1 ~ 2 months, and the single flower flowering period is usually 7 ~ 15 days. The flowering period is from February to March.
morphological character
The plant height is about 15m. Branchlets are yellow-brown. Leaves alternate, ovoid to elliptic, with serrated edges. Flowers are solitary or paired in leaf axils or branch tops; The flower diameter is 5 ~ 6 cm, with white, red, reddish and other colors; 5 ~ 7 petals. Camellia poetry
Camellia buzuozi yongshan
In early spring, I was shy and purple was swaying in the wind. Beautiful in the evergreen trees. Counting Qin Lou, why should we avoid being annoyed by others? But I envy Yuanyang and like to accompany her, saying that she knows the world. Notes; Camellia in early spring
camellia
Song luyou
In March, the East Garden was rainy and windy, and the peaches and plums fell and swept the floor.
Only camellia is durable, and several red flowers are inserted in the green bushes.
All the virtues tea
week
Rhinoceros has a heavy leaf, and a jade cup is filled with Revlon.
Why borrow longevity wine? I'm afraid tea fairy won't let me.
camellia
Qingliu signal
Ling is better than Song Yunxiu. She breathes colorful air and shakes the years.
The authenticity of ice and snow is different, and roots are rare in old parks.
camellia
Song Bi Tao
Jiangnan billiards hall hates crimson, nothing more than misty rain.
However, northerners are different, and several branches support the screen.
Application value
Camellia is crowned with colorful leaves and blooming in late winter and early spring. Jiangnan area can be clustered or scattered in gardens, flower paths, rockeries, lawns and trees, and can also be planted as a special tea garden. Potted plants should be used to decorate halls and venues in the north, and the effect is very good.
1, Camellia Exhibition
Camellia exhibitions in western countries are mostly carried out by cutting camellias and carefully placing them. Cut the flowers, leave 1 ~ 2 leaves, and put them in a shallow dish filled with water, which can last for 7 days to 10 days.
Step 2: Bouquet
It is elegant and chic to tie camellia into a bouquet as a gift or wedding occasion. If the bouquet is accompanied by ferns, starry sky and other foil plants, it will be more beautiful.
Step 3 arrange flowers
There is a camellia flower arrangement art competition in the annual camellia exhibition abroad. Camellia flower arrangement works are also rare decorations to beautify hotels, conference rooms and family rooms.
4. flower baskets or garlands
Making flower baskets, garlands or garlands with camellia is both beautiful and solemn. The base of the flower should be tied firmly with green plastic tape, and flowers with different colors and diameters can be tied, and the amount of flowers should be more.
Camellia Huayu
Camellia-lovely, modest, ideal love, great charm
Baishan Tea-Innocent, how can you despise my love?
Camellia sinensis-the beauty of nature
Pink camellia-it is your love that makes me more and more beautiful.
The flower language that modern people give camellia is: unrequited love, purity and kindness. Cutting method
Cutting method of pot box
Drill 1 ~ 3 drainage holes at the bottom of flowerpots, wooden boxes or plastic boxes for cutting, each hole is 2 ~ 3 cm in size, and good drainage is required. Cover the hole with broken tiles, lay a layer of pebbles on the bottom, a layer of coarse sand on the middle, and 5 ~ 10 cm of culture soil on the top.
The culture soil is generally acidic red-yellow soil with a pH value of 5 ~ 6.5. If the viscosity is too high, fine sand or sawdust can be added. If conditions permit, appropriate amount of humus, vermiculite, decomposed organic fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and bone meal should be mixed into the culture soil. When the soil is slightly alkaline, add ferrous sulfate solution to adjust it to make it slightly acidic. Culture soil can be exposed to the sun for a few days, or it can be disinfected with formaldehyde solution and then suffocated with plastic film for a few days, all of which have the effect of sterilization and disinfection.
When the pot or box is filled with culture soil, it should be higher than the surface of the pot or box to make it into a steamed bread shape, so as to prevent water accumulation in the pot or box, and at the same time, it is beneficial to ventilation of cuttings and improve survival rate. When cutting, gently press the culture soil with your fingers, and water it with a small mouth basin for shading and moisturizing management.
Seedbed cutting method
It is advisable to choose acidic to slightly acidic sandy loam as seedbed. After ploughing, the seedbed width is about 1.2m, the ditch width is 40-50cm, and the border height is 20cm. Pruning, harrowing, spraying medicine on the bed surface for disinfection and covering with film for 2-3 days are beneficial to the prevention and control of pests and diseases.
Before cutting, build a scaffolding with the height of1.5 ~ 2m with cement columns or bamboo, cover it with reed curtain or black shading net (shading rate is 60 ~ 70%), hang it on the ground from top to bottom, and fix it, so as to give consideration to the functions of shading, windproof and moisturizing. If the plastic greenhouse is used for cutting seedlings, four small arch sheds with a height of 30 ~ 40 cm and a width of 80 cm can be built in the greenhouse, with a spacing of about 50 cm, and the sun-shading net can be covered after cutting.
When cutting, attention should be paid to the orderly arrangement of leaves, sufficient planting water should be poured after cutting, and the small arch shed should be covered with a plastic film, which can improve the moisturizing effect.
Full-light fog cutting method
All-light fog cutting method needs certain facilities and production scale, with low seedling cost, fast rooting and high survival rate.
All-light fog cuttage seedbed mostly adopts matrix material or fine sand, with stones under it and drainage facilities at the bottom. Spraying equipment is installed on the seedbed, and measures such as setting interval spraying, maintaining relative humidity and adjusting seedbed temperature are taken to ensure the normal water absorption of cuttings and prevent cuttings and leaf buds from drying up.
Grafting method
Rootstock budding: after the seeds are sown in the sand bed, they grow for about 2 months, and the seedlings are 4 ~ 5 cm high, so they can be dug and grafted. The scion selects semi-lignified branches that grow well, and cuts them with 1 bud and 1 leaf from bottom to top. Cut the scion into wedges and put it in a wet towel. Remove mud and sand from the dug rootstock seedlings, then cut at the position of 1 ~ 1.5 cm above the cotyledon of the seedlings, and split the stem longitudinally with a straight suture line, the depth of which is consistent with the inclined plane of scion cutting; Insert the cut scion into the split of the rootstock, align one side to form a layer, and tie it tightly with plastic film tape. The grafted seedlings are planted in the seedbed with the row spacing of 8cm× 2cm. Rich and loose sandy loam should be used in bed. After planting, the seedbed should be covered with plastic greenhouse for heat preservation. Generally, healing begins in 10 ~ 15 days, and the membrane can be uncovered at night for ventilation in 20 ~ 25 days. After that, gradually strengthen the ventilation, appropriately increase the light, and completely uncover the film after the new buds germinate. Semi-ripe branch grafting, with coarse camellia or camellia oleifera as rootstock, can cultivate famous camellia plants in 1 ~ 2 years. Select plants with healthy plants, full buds and no diseases and insect pests as rootstocks, prune them before the end of February in summer, and prune them in early and middle June in autumn, and cut off weak branches, drooping branches, cross branches and over-dense branches. The suitable temperature for grafting is 5 ~ 30℃. For branches with a diameter greater than 1 cm, the grafting method is adopted, that is, a knife is carved on the upper, left and right of the appropriate part of the rootstock, reaching the xylem, and the skin is pulled down to the same length as the cutting surface of the scion, then the cut scion is attached to the grafting part of the rootstock, and the skin is pulled up to wrap the scion, and then the bud is bound with a plastic belt, and then covered with a plastic bag. The anvil was broken three times, and the tip was cut off at 1. The second time, the 1 new shoots of the scion were filled.
After lignification, cut off the upper part of the rootstock1/3; For the third time, after the second new shoot of the scion is completely lignified, the rootstock is cut off at the joint. The success of grafting in high temperature season depends on the control of high temperature. It is necessary to build a shade shed and cover it with double curtains, so that there is basically no direct sunlight in the shed, and water should be sprayed around noon to cool down, so that the local temperature can be controlled at about 30℃.
Sowing method
Suitable for single-petal or semi-double-petal varieties. 65438+ seed1can be sown when it matures in the middle of October. Suitable for shallow sowing, vermiculite as substrate, covering 6 mm, room temperature 2 1℃, light 10 hour every night, can promote seed germination, and the seedling height can reach 8 cm within 30 days after sowing. When the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, they should be transplanted. Humanistic implication
The humanistic implication of camellia is: victory in struggle, ideal love, modesty, loveliness, great charm, implication and true love.
One legend is that ...
A long time ago, a beautiful village girl came to this magical valley to collect medicine because her father was ill. The beautiful scenery and inexhaustible medicinal materials made the village girl forget to go home. Hungry and thirsty, she drank the stream here. After returning home for a few months, the village girl found that her stomach was getting bigger every day. The villagers thought she had done something she shouldn't have done, and her father drove her daughter out of the house in a rage. The helpless mother gave her daughter a bag of things when she left, telling her, "No matter where you go, as long as you hold it, one day we will be together."
The village girl returned to this magical and beautiful valley and lived in the place where Longdong was born. In a short time, the valley was full of gorgeous camellias, colorful and crystal-clear petals, as if calling for something. The village girl stared at the camellias, wondering why there were camellias everywhere I walked. She opened the cloth bag given by her mother and found it was a bag of hawthorn seeds. The strong feeling of missing my mother made my daughter burst into tears day and night, so she had a meditation pool. The eager mother looked for her daughter everywhere and finally found the camellia all over the mountain in this valley. She called her daughter's name again and again in the valley: "Where are you? Mom misses you. Mom looks for you day and night ..." At this time, her daughter has given birth to two little dragons. When the third one was just born in the middle, the mother's cry alarmed the two little dragons. The little dragon rose into the sky and shook the earth. The village girl was frightened, and the third little dragon disappeared in the valley in the middle of his life, so there was a dragon cave.