Xuzhou has a mild climate and four distinct seasons. Most of Xuzhou is made up of plains and hills. The early rivers of Yi River, Shu River, Grand Canal and Yellow River all pass through the city, while luoma lake and Shangwei Lake are scattered on the southern and northern edges of the city.
Xuzhou, formerly known as Pengcheng, has a splendid culture of 6,000 years. During the Yaodi period, Dapeng State was established here. It has a history of 2500 years and is one of the first cities in Jiangsu Province. Xuzhou was one of the nine countries ruled by Yu in Xia Dynasty (2 1 century BC), when he was in charge of managing rivers and waterways. At that time, Xuzhou was the name of a vast area centered on Pengcheng.
Xuzhou was once the territory of Chu in Qin and Han Dynasties. During the battle between General Xi and General Liu Bang, it was the capital of Western Chu. After Liu Chenggong, it became a fief of his relatives for hundreds of years. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao (then prime minister) appointed a county magistrate to manage Pengcheng, which was the first time to use the present name Xuzhou. The city was formally established in 1945, and has been under the direct jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province since 1953. It has jurisdiction over Fengxian, Peixian, Tongshan and Suining, Pizhou and Xinyi, and Yunlong, Gulou, Quanshan, Jiuli and Jiawang. It covers an area of 1 1.258 square meters.