1696, Emperor Kangxi, the sage of Qing Dynasty, sent Wang Qing Shen Qian, a teenager from Taibu Temple, to Yan Di Mausoleum to tell the disaster and offer sacrifices. Wang Shen saw that the mausoleum temple was badly damaged, and returned to the imperial court to ask for repairs. Emperor Kangxi allowed him to play. Gong Jiawei, the magistrate of Lingxian County, supervised the repair and failed to restore the scale of the previous generation. 1733, Zhang Jun, a magistrate of a county, rebuilt the tomb of the ancient emperor with state funds according to the unified format promulgated by the Qing Dynasty, and the mausoleum temple was also named Lingtang. This building laid the foundation for the basic shape of Yandi Mausoleum, forming a four-level pattern of "the first three gates, salute pavilion, main hall and mausoleum". The whole mausoleum is a palace-like building, magnificent, reflecting the traditional characteristics of ancient architecture in China.
1837 is the largest restoration project of Yandi Mausoleum in Qing Dynasty, presided over by Yu Changhui, a magistrate of a county, and rebuilt with donations from local gentry. The reconstruction project started in Xia Meng and lasted more than eight months and was completed at the end of the year. The rebuilt Yandi Mausoleum is tall, spacious, resplendent and magnificent, and all the ancillary buildings are scattered along the mountains and rivers, forming a unified whole, adding infinite beauty to the Yanling Mausoleum. After many repairs, the rebuilt Yan Di Mausoleum is slightly larger than before, and the whole building covers an area of more than 3,800 square meters.
Located at the western foot of Yanling Mountain, Yandiling is the main attraction of Yandiling. It is symmetrically arranged along the north-south longitudinal axis of the mausoleum, facing south and facing the Wei River in the south. It is 73 meters long from north to south and 40 meters wide from east to west, with an area of 4,936 square meters and a building area of 903 square meters. Outside the mausoleum hall, the ancillary buildings such as Yongfengtai, Tian Embassy and Luyuan Pavilion were restored. The whole building is resplendent and magnificent, with double eaves and upturned corners, magnificent momentum and rich national traditional style. The cemetery has maintained a rich architectural style, with red walls and yellow tiles, towering old trees and magnificent momentum. The mausoleum hall is divided into five entrances: the first entrance is the meridian gate and the arched stone gate, which is 4 meters high and 2.6 meters wide. The main entrance is the Hajj Square with a side length of 50 meters. The left and right doors are divided into arched halberd doors and rectangular doors, all of which are true couch doors. There is a white marble stone tablet in the middle of the meridian gate, with a dragon embedded in the front, named Dragon and Tiger, which means that the world is unified and the country is stable. The left and right sides of the stone tablet are divided into magnificent granite carvings of Shan Ying and Bailu. There is another story about these two stone carvings. According to legend, Yan Di's mother's name is female Deng. One night, she dreamed that the sun in the sky fell in her arms and felt warm and comfortable. One year and eight months later, the girl gave birth to a red ball, which rolled on the ground several times and then cracked. There was a chubby boy sitting in the middle. He was the later Emperor Yan.
One day, Nuden went to pick fruit with everyone, so she put the child on a big stone and let the child bask in the sun. Who knows that after the child woke up, he felt hot and hungry, so he burst into tears, and the crying alarmed the creatures in the mountain. At this time, the rock eagle flew over to shade and cool the children. Then, the mountain deer ran to nurse the baby. The child rested in the shade, ate deer milk and fell asleep sweetly. From then on, whenever the mother Deng left the child, the eagle and the deer would take care of it soon. Therefore, people think that eagles and deer are also the mothers of Emperor Yan. & gt After the death of Emperor Yan, people carved stone eagle and stone deer in memory of his three mothers, and placed them around the tomb of Emperor Yan, offering sacrifices at the same level as Emperor Yan.
When Yan Di built the temple in 967 AD, the stone eagle and the stone deer were moved to the left and right sides in front of the main hall. The second entrance is the salute pavilion, where the descendants of the Yellow Emperor worship their ancestors. Here, a rectangular pavilion with four columns and three bays on the front and back eaves is adopted, with a width of14.03m, a depth of 5.53m and a height of 8.33m.. There is a plaque with "the ancestor of the nation, illuminating the world" on it, and a dragon play is embedded in front of the pavilion, hence the name "Dragon Dance", which symbolizes world prosperity and peace. There are incense burners and candlesticks in the pavilion for people to worship and salute. Around the salute pavilion, there is a hard-mountain archway with a rolling shed, which houses 8 memorial tablets of past dynasties. The third entrance is the main hall. The dragon in front of the main hall is a relief of white marble and Wolong, lying in front of Yandi Mausoleum, seemingly walking, taking the power of crouching tiger, hiding dragon and supreme imperial power. A plaque with the words "Chinese descendants, don't forget their ancestors" hung high on the door of the mausoleum.
The mausoleum hall is located on the top of a hill with double eaves, with a width of 2 1. 16m, a depth of 16.94m, an area of 358.5m and a height of19.33m. It is supported by 30 granite columns with a diameter of 0.6m and arranged in four rows of front porch columns. The upper and lower eaves are single-upturned colorful bucket arches with straight ridges. The ceiling decoration in the hall is painted with golden dragon seal, dragon grass seal, dragon and phoenix seal and dancing Soviet style, with 9999 colorful dragons painted. In the hall of the mausoleum, there is a shrine of Xumi Mountain, which contains a statue of Emperor Yan Shennong. The statue holds an ear and ganoderma lucidum in each hand, with a medicine basket in front and wooden dragon columns on the left and right. The fourth entrance is the Tombstone Pavilion, with a four-corner pointed roof and high eaves, with a height of 7. 1 m, a length of 6.4m and a length of 6.4m.. There is also a white marble tombstone in the pavilion, which reads "The Tomb of Emperor Yandi Shennong". The fifth entrance is the tomb, which is 5.58 meters high, 6.64 meters deep and 28.9 meters wide. The stone tablet in front of the tomb was written by Shen Daokuan, a magistrate of a county in the seventh year of Qing Daoguang. On both sides of the tombstone pavilion, there are arched roads leading to the Imperial Monument Garden. Gu Song in the park towering into the sky, full of weather. On the east and west sides of the stele garden are stele corridors, with a total length of 84 meters. There are 565,438+0 steles embedded in the wall of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are 5 representative memorials in the historical period since the Song Dynasty, 56 * * *. Among them, the oldest preserved imperial tablet is 137 1, which was the tablet of Zhu Yuanzhang when he ascended the throne. The center of Yubei Garden is Jiuding Terrace, which is in the outer circle with a diameter of18m and a square platform of 9.999m.. There are nine granite Fang Ding statues on the main stage, each of which is 1.2 tons. Jiuding is the symbol of the supreme power in ancient China, which embodies the unity of the motherland and the prosperity of the nation.
Shennong Hall of Yan Di Mausoleum