Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Longzhong, but he had a very close relationship with Jingzhou elite. His father-in-law Huang is the brother-in-law of Liu Biao and Cai Mao. After Liu Biao's ex-wife died, she married the youngest daughter of Cai Yan, a famous family in Jingzhou. Cai Yan's eldest daughter is Huang's wife. In addition, Zhuge Liang's second sister married the son of Jingzhou celebrity Pang Degong. Pang Degong, who was an outstanding scholar at that time, also studied critical talents. People call Zhuge Liang Wolong, Pang Tong Feng Chu and Si Mahui Water Mirror, which is Pang Degong's evaluation of talents.
Zhuge Liang has this relationship with Liu Biao and Jingzhou celebrities. His eldest brother, Zhu Gejin, is an official under Sun Quan and is very trusted. If he wants to be an official or a cadre in Jingzhou or Wudong, it is a matter of words. But he chose to lie dormant in Longzhong, live a life of farming and studying, and watch the world change. This shows that neither Liu Biao nor Sun Quan is the boss he wants. Only Cao Cao and Liu Bei can choose.
As we all know, Zhuge Liang finally chose Liu Bei, who had almost nothing, and gave up Cao Cao, who basically unified the aristocratic world in the north.
So, why is this?
1800 Over the years, countless people have learned about it countless times. It can be said that different people have different opinions. We can analyze it from the following aspects:
First, Zhuge Liang's character. One of the important reasons why Zhuge Liang was highly respected by intellectuals in past dynasties was that he was an ideal Confucian scholar, an example and a yardstick. This example and scale mainly refer to noble morality and outstanding achievements. In Zhuge Liang's example, the three immortals in life put forward by the ancients-virtue, merit and speech-are commendable. As far as Lide, who ranks first, is concerned, the loyalty, filial piety, benevolence and righteousness of Confucianism are the principles they have practiced all their lives. As a visionary intellectual, Zhuge Liang can certainly see that the central government controlled by Cao Cao is no longer the government of a big shot. If you want to practice loyalty, you can't rely on Cao Cao to make trouble for others.
Second, Zhuge Liang's idea. Zhuge Liang's life-long idea of governing the country is to practice Confucianism and benevolence, while Cao Cao practices hegemonism and power politics. Zhuge Liang is well aware of this. He knew that Zhuge Liang and his uncle left their hometown and lived in a foreign land, which had a lot to do with Cao Cao's Xuzhou Massacre. Different roads will not have the same goal, and two people who are too different are doomed not to last long. Unless one party only gets paid and doesn't do practical things, this is obviously not the result that Zhuge Liang wants. He will not only do great things, but also do great things.
The most basic factor for a person to make a decision is internal cause, which lies in his existence and his thought. It can be said that the above two points are the most fundamental factors that Zhuge Liang did not choose Cao Cao.
Third, Liu Bei's charm. In ancient China society, morality was paramount, and the moral quality of the monarch was particularly important. Having a wise monarch as the leader can make the official style clean, standardized and honest, and finally realize a harmonious society. Liu Bei has an overwhelming moral advantage. As a member of the royal family, Liu Bei participated in the plot to assassinate Cao Cao, which was a rare loyalty to the Dahan court. This is emotionally close to Zhuge Liang and others who are deeply influenced by the concept of loyalty and filial piety. In addition, Liu Bei practiced benevolent policies in the plains and Xuzhou, and the name of benevolence and righteousness was widely circulated, attracting Zhuge Liang. He advocated the idea of governing the country with both Confucianism and law, and also advocated benevolent government. In addition, the respected corporal Liu Beili is called a world hero. He was famous at that time, and Zhuge Liang would definitely consider it.
Fourth, Liu Bei's vacant room. Although Liu Bei has a high reputation, he doesn't have much strength except a group of people who can't kill him. It can be said that Liu Bei is still in trouble. If Zhuge Liang can help Liu Bei get out of trouble, gain a firm foothold, develop and expand, and even conquer the whole country, there are still many things to do in this process. At the same time, Liu Bei has a first-class military commander, but no first-class politician. It can be said that the space left for Zhuge Liang to display his talents is very broad.