Carp: It belongs to benthic omnivorous fish and eats both meat and vegetables. The bait spectrum is wide, the snout bone is developed, and it often feeds on mud. Carp is also a low-temperature animal, and its body temperature changes with the change of water temperature, so it does not need to consume energy to maintain a constant body temperature, so the total amount of bait intake is not large. At the same time, carp, like most freshwater fish, belongs to a kind of fish without stomach, with short intestine and fast metabolism, so its feeding habit is to eat less and eat more. The digestive function of carp is closely related to the water temperature, and its feeding is seasonal. Winter (especially under the ice) is basically in a semi-dormant state, and body fat is exhausted in winter. Spring is coming, and it is eager to eat high-protein food to supplement it. As late autumn and winter approach, in order to hoard fat, there will also be a peak period of "grasping food", and it is also based on high-protein bait. So early spring. Fishing carp in late autumn should be mainly based on animal bait such as earthworm and river shrimp. After the spring, with the increase of temperature, the fish's food intake increased, and the quality of bait was not important, and the number rose to the first place. So in late spring, all summer and early autumn, carp are mainly vegetarian. At this time, you should use surface bait and bad food when fishing.

Catfish: commonly known as pond lice. The same catfish is distributed almost all over the world. Most species live in fresh water, such as ponds or rivers, but some species live in the ocean.

Generally, there are no scales on the body, the head is flat, the mouth is big, and there are several long beards around the mouth, which can distinguish the taste. This is its characteristic.

Walking at night, quietly hiding in the pit at the bottom of the river or under the roots during the day. Large species that eat a lot, such as the Danube catfish, attack small waterfowl or mice.

Catfish eggs are poisonous. Eating by mistake can lead to vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspnea and even paralysis in severe cases.

Except for catfish eggs, they are not suitable for use, and they are all treasures. Catfish is a valuable nutrient, which has been recorded in history books for a long time, and can be compared with shark's fin and wild turtle. Its dietotherapy and medicinal value is not possessed by other fish, and its unique function of strengthening bones and prolonging life is its unique highlight.

Catfish is rich in nutrition. Every 100g fish contains 64. 1g and protein 14.4g, and contains various minerals and trace elements.

Trout:

Trout, belonging to Salmonidae, is a precious fishing fish and food fish, with only about 10 species in the world.

They usually live in fresh water and like to live in cold water. 10- 16 degrees is the most suitable. 6-23 degrees will reduce their desire and ability to reproduce or prey, and above 23 degrees will be fatal. Some species swim into the sea during the breeding season. Trout and salmon belong to the same order and family, and are closely related. Nowadays, many places attach great importance to artificial breeding and trout raising.

Trout mainly belongs to two genera, Salmon and Salmon. Salmon includes salmon and several kinds of trout, while Salmon includes several kinds of trout, which can also be called salmon. The main difference between these two kinds of trout lies in their different body colors, and the shapes of the plough bones and teeth on their mouths are also different. Trout of the genus Salmon has red or milky spots on dark skin. The ten-day boat shape of the red-spotted salmon is not straight. Salmon trout are lighter in color, with red or black spots and sparse teeth.

Trout is one of the most difficult fish to classify because of its irregular physiological structure and great differences in body color and habits. Coupled with artificial propagation and hybridization and the introduction of exotic species, the classification of trout is more complicated. Several trout originally classified as spotted trout are now generally regarded as salmon. Brown trout is the only trout listed as spotted trout at present, and it is also an endangered animal among trout.

Trout usually inhabit cool fresh water, especially in fast-flowing streams and deep ponds. Originally mainly produced in the northern hemisphere, it has been widely introduced to all parts of the world. Their food is mainly insects, small fish, their eggs and crustaceans. Trout spawn in spring and autumn. The female fish digs a hole in the gravel layer at the bottom of the river and then lays eggs in the hole. Those trout that live in the sea will also return to inland rivers to lay eggs after this study. The incubation time of eggs is about 2-3 months. After the newly hatched fry come out of the hole, they live on plankton.

Anchovies (long tail)

Silver carp: flat body, about 10 cm long, silvery white. Living in the ocean, spawning in the river in spring or early summer. Commonly known as "anchovies".

Sea silver carp, silver carp, silver carp. Commonly known as: saury, Coilia ectenes, hairy fish, wild hairy fish and anchovies. English name: anchovies in estuary.

Body length, very flat side, straight back, chest and abdomen with prismatic scales. His head is flat, his mouth is big and oblique, and he is half squatting. The maxilla is free and extends backward to the base of pectoral fin; There are fine teeth on the upper and lower jaws, flap bone and plough bone. Small eyes and large gill holes; The whole quilt is thin and transparent with round scales and no lateral lines. The first six fins of pectoral fin are elongated and dissociated into filaments, and the end can reach the starting point of gluteal fin. The ventral fin is very small, the anal fin is very long, with more than 90 fins, and the back of the base is connected with the base of the caudal fin, which is more than half of the body length, and the caudal fin is extremely small. The back and head are slightly grayish black, and the sides and abdomen are silvery white.

Bonito is a migratory fish that usually lives in the sea. Individuals who mature in February-March each year enter the river in groups from the sea and migrate along the river. Most of the fish schools are 3-4 years old. In the process of going upstream along the Yangtze River, some lakes or tributaries entering Tongjiang River can reach Dongting Lake as far as possible, but there are few main streams above Chenglingji in Yueyang City. Young fish go down the river, gather in the salty water in Haikou, and begin to grow and fatten in the sea the next year. The spawning time of silver carp in the Yangtze River is from April to June, and the peak period is in early and middle May. Mature fish schools enter lakes and tributaries along the Yangtze River or lay eggs in shallow bends of the main stream and areas with slow water flow. The fertilized eggs float on the upper water surface for development and incubation. Silver carp feed on animal feed, adult fish feed on small fish and shrimp, and young fish feed on acropods, cladocera and copepods. Adult fish seldom eat during spawning and migration. In the third year, the growth rate of silver carp is the fastest, and the individual is larger than other kinds of silver carp. Each fish aged 3-4 years old weighs 90- 140 g and has a body length of 23.2-34.2 cm.

Silver carp is widely distributed in Qiantang River, Yangtze River, Yellow River, Liaohe River and other rivers connected with the East China Sea, Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, but the Yangtze River has the highest yield. From 65438 to 0976, the output of bonito in the Yangtze River reached 3.5 million kilograms.

squid

Squid: a mollusk that lives in the ocean, similar to squid and similar in shape. Its meat can be eaten raw or made into dry goods.

Squid fish

General term for squid. A mollusk that lives in the sea, slightly like a squid, but slightly longer, with light brown spots, a diamond-shaped tail, short tentacles and suckers. Also known as "squid" and "soft fish".

triangular bream

Pufferfish: Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Puffinae, Pufferfish. Commonly known as: bream bream, Sparus macrocephalus, flat-chested bream. English name: Black bream.

Tall, extremely flat, rhombic, with raised head and back. Small head, mouth position; There are well-developed cuticles at the front edges of maxilla and mandible. The abdominal ridge only extends from the base of the pelvic fin to the anus; The dorsal fin has smooth and hard spines, which are obviously longer than the head. The length of the tailstock is greater than or equal to the height of the tailstock. The back of the body is bluish gray, the sides are light gray with light green, the abdomen is silvery white, the scales are deep on the back, and the fins are bluish gray.

Bream can be found in running water and still water. I especially like living in open waters with silt or gravel as the bottom material and submerged plants and freshwater shellfish as the main materials. In the breeding season, mature parent fish flock to places with running water to breed; In early spring, they swim to the coastal tributaries and affiliated water bodies of the river for food. Megalobrama amblycephala is an omnivorous fish. Freshwater mussels are the main food for young fish, followed by insects and mollusks. Adult fish mainly feed on aquatic plants, followed by freshwater shellfish. Sex mature individuals is 3 years old and weighs about 1 kg. The spawning ground needs a lot of water.

Widely distributed, Heilongjiang, Yalu River, Liaohe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Qiantang River and Minjiang River are all produced.

It grows rapidly, and the individual is large, and the largest individual can reach about 5 kg, which has a certain yield in natural waters. The meat is delicious, tender and high in fat. Every hundred edible parts contain protein18.5g, fat 6.6-8.0g, carbohydrate 0.2g, calorie134kcal, calcium 76mg, phosphorus 21mg and iron 2.2mg.. Since ancient times, it has been deeply loved by the people and is regarded as the first-class edible fish. As early as 2000 years ago, our ancestors loved to eat this kind of fish. For example, there is a poem in the Book of Songs, "Eat fish and swim in the river". Megalobrama amblycephala, Megalobrama amblycephala and Megalobrama amblycephala are very similar in morphological characteristics, which were collectively called "Megalobrama amblycephala" or "Megalobrama amblycephala" in ancient times. Li Shizhen wrote in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Stupidity is right; Hey, Ping. " It can be seen that bream and bream are named according to their shapes.

Perch:

Perch [~ fish] has a flat side, a large mouth, fine scales, a gray-green back, a white abdomen and black spots on both sides and dorsal fins. Living offshore, spawning in the estuary in late autumn. This is a common edible fish.

Perch family, the scientific name is Perch (Cuvier et Valencia), commonly known as Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch, Perch.

Morphological features are slender, flat on the side, generally 30 ~ 40 cm long, weighing 400 ~ 1000 g, and the eye septum is slightly concave. There are four ridges between them. The mouth is big and the lower jaw is longer than the upper jaw. The snout is pointed and the teeth are small, which are arranged in the fluffy tooth bands on the lower jaw, vomerous bone and palatine bone. There are fine serrations at the rear edge of the anterior gill cover, and blunt spines at the corner and lower edge. The lateral line is completely parallel to the rear edge of the body, the body surface is covered with tiny comb scales, the cortex is rough, the scales are not easy to fall off, and the back side of the body is bluish gray. The ventral part is grayish white, and black spots are scattered on the side and dorsal fin spine. With the increase of age, the spots gradually become inconspicuous. The dorsal fin is slightly separated. There are 12 hard spines in the first dorsal fin. The second dorsal fin consists of 13 fin; The ventral fin is located behind the starting point of the pectoral fin. The base of the second dorsal fin is light yellow, the pectoral fin is yellowish green, and the tail eel fork is light brown.

Origin and season Perch are distributed in the western Pacific Ocean, the coastal areas of China and the fresh water bodies leading to the sea, with the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea as the majority. It is one of the common economic fish, and it is also a species to develop marine culture. The main producing areas are Qingdao, Shidao, Qinhuangdao and Zhoushan Islands. The fishing season is spring and autumn, and the annual fishing season is 10 to 1 1. I like to live in salty and fresh water in the estuary, and I can also live in fresh water. It is fierce and feeds on fish and shrimp. Individuals are large, and can grow up to 30 ~ 50 kg at most, generally 3 ~ 5 kg.

Economic value The meat quality of perch is solid and white, with high nutritional value and delicious taste. Perch can be divided into white perch and black perch because of their different skin colors. The black spots of sea bass are not obvious, except that the abdomen is gray and the back side is bronze or dark brown; The body color of white perch is self-centered, with irregular black spots on both sides.

Perch is an export variety, with the English name Japanesw sea bass, and its export countries and regions are Japan, Hong Kong and Macau. Export ports: Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang.