Jing Ke (? -227 BC) At the end of the Warring States Period, wei ren, a former Qi man, liked reading and fencing. Wei people called it "Qingqing" and later swam to Yan State, calling it "Jing Qing". Later, Tian Guang, a brave and profound "chivalrous man" in Yan State, recommended it to Taizi Dan and worshipped it as Shangqing. After the state of Qin destroyed Zhao, it pushed the southern border of Yan. Taizi Dan was frightened and conspired with Tian Guang to send him to assassinate in Qin. Fan, the general of Qin Dynasty, defected to the State of Yan for offending the king of Qin. Jing Ke dedicated the map of Fan Shoutou and Yan Du Kang (now Zhuoxian, Yixian and Gu 'an in Hebei Province) to Taizi Dan, who was assassinated by camera. Prince Dan could not bear to kill Fan, so Jing Ke met Fan privately and told him the truth. Van Yuqi committed suicide immediately. In 227 BC, Jing Ke took the map of Yan Du Kang and Fan's head and went to the State of Qin to offer sacrifices. The king of Qin was overjoyed and summoned in Xianyang Palace. When he presented the picture, he saw the poor dagger, which stabbed the king of Qin and was killed. "The wind blows and the water cools, and the strong men are gone forever" is a poem sung by Gao Jianli when he bid farewell to Jing Ke.
The wind is rustling and the water is cooling-Jing Ke
Jing Ke was a patriotic man, but his ancestors were Qi people. Later, he moved to Weiguo, and the Weiguo people called him Qingqing. When he arrived in the State of Yan, people in the State of Yan called him Jing Qing.
Love reading and fencing, and used fencing to lobby Wei. Wei did not appoint him. Since then, Qin attacked Wei, established Dongjun, and moved Wei's collateral relatives to the wild king.
Jing Ke strolls in Yuci and talks with Nie Gai about fencing. Nie Gai glared at him. After Jing Ke went out, it was suggested that Nie Gai call Jing Ke back again. Nie Gai said, "I just talked to him about fencing, and he talked about something inappropriate. I stared at him with my eyes; Go and find it. I stared at him. He should go and dare not stay here any longer. "Send someone to Jing Ke residence to ask the landlord, Jing Ke has left Yuci by bus. When the dispatched personnel came back to report, Nie Gai said, "It's time to leave. I just stared at him, and he was scared. "
Jing Ke roamed Handan, and Kenji Lugou argued with Jing Ke about the way to the Expo. Gou Jian got angry and scolded him, but Jing Ke ran away silently and never met again.
When Jing Ke arrived in Yan State, he fell in love with a dog killer and a gift for fighting and building. Jing Ke is particularly fond of drinking. He drinks with the butcher who killed the dog and Gao Jianli in Yan market every day. Drunk, Gao Jianli beat the floor, Jing Ke sang in the street with the beat festival, entertained each other, and then cried to each other, no one was watching. Although Jing Ke is mixed with drunkards, he is deep and steady, and likes reading. Every vassal state he visited made friends with local sages, heroes and respected people. After he arrived in Yan State, Mr. Tian Guang, a hermit of Yan State, also treated him very well, knowing that he was not a mediocrity.
Soon after, Yan Taizi Dan, who happened to be a hostage in Qin State, fled back to Yan State. Yan Taizi Dan was once a hostage of Zhao, and Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, was born in Zhao. When I was a teenager, I was closely related to Taizi Dan. When Ying Zheng was the king of Qin, Taizi Dan went to the State of Qin as a hostage. The king of Qin was unfriendly to the prince, who fled home because of resentment. When he came back, he wanted to take revenge on the king of Qin. Yan is very weak, beyond her power. Since then, Qin has sent troops to Shandong every day, attacking Qi, Chu and Sanjin, and gradually devouring the country like a silkworm eating mulberry leaves. The war will spread to the state of Yan, and all the princes and ministers of Yan are afraid of catastrophe. Taizidan was very worried about this, so he went to ask his teacher Ju Wu. Ju Wu replied, "The land of Qin is all over the world, threatening Korea, Wei and Zhao. There are Ganquan and Gukou in the north, fertile fields in the Jinghe and Weishui river basins in the south, rich Baxian and Hanzhong areas, with Longshu Mountain as the barrier on the right and Yaoshan and Hanguguan as the fortress on the left. It has a large population, well-trained soldiers and more than enough weapons and equipment. If there is an intention to expand outward, there will be no safe place south of the Great Wall or north of Yishui. Why touch the lamella of the king of Qin because of the resentment of being bullied? " Prince Taizi Dan said, "In that case, what should we do?" Ju Wu replied, "Let me think it over."
After a while, Fan, the general of the Qin Dynasty, offended the King of Qin and fled to the State of Yan. The prince accepted him and let him live. Ju Wu advised: "No, the king of Qin is cruel, and he has been bitter in Yan for a long time, which is enough to make people tremble with fear, what's more, he heard that General Fan lives here. This is called' putting meat on the road where the hungry tiger passes', and the disaster must be irreversible! Even with Guan Zhong and Yan Ying, I can't persuade you. I hope you can send General Fan to Xiongnu as soon as possible to eliminate the excuse that Qin attacked us. Please make an alliance with Sanjin in the west, contact Qi and Chu in the south and make peace with Khan in the north, and then you can find a way to deal with Qin. " Taizidan said: "The teacher's plan takes too long, and I feel depressed. I'm afraid I can't wait a moment. " Besides, it's not just this reason that General Fan defected to me because of the chaos in the world. I can't abandon my sympathetic friend because of the tyrannical state of Qin and send him to Xiongnu. This should be the end of my life. I hope the teacher will consider other ways. "Ju Wu said:" Choosing dangerous actions is to seek safety, create disasters and pray for happiness. The plan is superficial and disgusting. In order to make a new friend, regardless of the country's great disaster, this is the so-called' salvation'. Put goose feathers on charcoal and it will burn immediately. What's more, Qin, as fierce as a vulture, vented hatred and cruel anger against Yan. Do you need to say it? There is a Mr. Tian Guang in Yan State. He is resourceful, brave and calm. You can discuss with him. "The prince said," I hope to make friends with Mr. Tian through my teacher, can I? "Ju wu said," yes. Juwu came out to see Mr. Tian and said, "Your Majesty wants to discuss state affairs with Mr. Tian." . Tian Guang said, "I want to learn." . "I went to visit the prince.
The prince stepped forward to meet Tian Guang, led the way backwards, and knelt down to wipe the seat and let Tian Guang sit down. After Tian Guang sat firmly, there was no one else around. The prince left the table and asked Tian Guang, "Yan and Qin became sworn friends. I hope you pay attention. " Tian Guang said: "I heard that when Huiji is strong, he can run thousands of miles a day. When he is old, even inferior horses can run ahead of him. Now the prince has only heard about my prime of life, but he doesn't know that my energy has failed. Even so, I can't plan state affairs without authorization. My good friend Jing Qing can undertake this mission. " The prince said, "I hope to make friends with Jing Qing through my husband, can I?" Tian Guang said, "Yes." So he got up at once and hurried out. The prince saw him to the door and warned, "What I said, what Mr. Wang said, is a national event. I hope Mr. Wang will not reveal it! " Tian Guang bowed down and smiled, "Yes." Tian Guang bent down to see Jing Qing and said, "You and I are very close. Everyone in Yan State knows it. Now the prince has heard about my prime of life, but he doesn't know that my body is exhausted. I was honored to listen to his teachings and said,' Yan and Qin swore an oath to each other. I hope you can pay attention. I haven't met you personally, but I recommended you to the prince. I hope you can visit the prince in the palace. Jing Ke said, "I want to learn." "Tian Guang said," I heard that an old man should not be suspected by others. Now the prince has warned me:' I'm talking about national affairs, I hope you won't reveal it'. This is because the prince suspects me. A person who acts but makes others doubt him is not an upright and loyal person. He tried to motivate Jing Qing by committing suicide, saying, "I hope you can meet the prince at once and tell him that I am dead, which shows that I won't reveal the secret. "So he choked to death.
Jing Ke then went to see the prince and told him that Tian Guang was dead, and conveyed Tian Guang's words. The prince knelt down, made two obeisances, and went to his knees and wept bitterly. After a while, he said, "I warned tian teacher not to talk, because I wanted to make the plan of the major event successful. Now Mr. Tian uses death to show that he won't tell. Is it my original intention? " Jing Ke sat down, and the prince left to kowtow, saying, "Mr. Tian didn't know I wasn't motivated, so he came to see you and said without hesitation. This is God's pity and will not abandon me. Now the king of Qin has greedy ambitions, and his desires will not be satisfied. His ambition will not be satisfied until he occupies all the land in the world and makes the kings of all countries submit to him. Now the state of Qin has captured Hanwang and occupied all his territory. He sent troops to attack Chu in the south and Zhao in the north; Wang Jianling led hundreds of thousands of troops to Zhangshui and Yexian, and Li Xin sent troops to Taiyuan and Yunzhong. Zhao Can can't resist, but will definitely submit to Qin; When Zhao surrendered, disaster would befall Yan. Yan is weak and has been plagued by war for many times. Now it is estimated that mobilizing the whole country's strength can't resist Qin Jun, and the vassals are afraid of Qin, and no one dares to advocate the policy of integration. I have an immature plan privately, thinking that if we can really get all the warriors in the world to the state of Qin and lure the king of Qin with usury, the king of Qin will be insatiable, and the situation will certainly achieve our wishes. If only we could hijack the king of Qin and let him return all the land occupied by other countries, just like Cao Mo hijacked Qi Huangong; If not, kill him when you can. Their generals in the state of Qin monopolize military power abroad, but there are difficulties at home, and the monarch and his subjects are suspicious of each other. Take this opportunity, the eastern countries can unite and will certainly defeat Qin. This is my highest wish, but I don't know who to entrust this mission to. I hope that Jing Qing will seriously consider this matter. " After a long time, Jing Ke said: "This is a national event. I am not qualified for it because of my poor talent." The prince stepped forward and banged his head on the ground, insisting not to dodge, and then Jing Ke agreed. At that time, the prince addressed Jing Qing as Shangqing and stayed in a high-class hotel. The prince goes to Jing Ke's residence every day. Providing expensive food and giving exotic things from time to time, let Jing Ke do whatever he wants to satisfy his wishes.
After a long time, Jing Ke still showed no signs of action. At this time, the Qin general Wang Jian had already breached the capital of Zhao, captured the king of Zhao, and incorporated all the territory of Zhao into the territory of Qin. The army advanced and seized the land in the north until the southern border of Yan State. Prince Taizi Dan was afraid, so he asked Jing Ke to say, "Qin Jun will cross Yishui sooner or later. At that time, even if I want to wait on you for a long time, how can I! " Jing Ke said, "Even if the Prince doesn't say anything, I will ask for action. Now go to the state of Qin, and if nothing can convince the king of Qin, then the king of Qin can't get close. Fan, Qin and General
Offer a reward of one thousand pounds of gold and buy his head from every household in the city. If I really get the head of General Fan and the map of Governor Kang of Yan State, I will dedicate it to the King of Qin, who will be very happy to see me, so that I can have a chance to work for you. The prince said, "General Fan only came to see me at the end of the road. I can't bear to hurt my elders' hearts for my own benefit. I hope you will consider other ways! "
Knowing that the prince could not bear it, Jing Ke met Fan privately and said, "Qin was cruel to the general, and his parents and family were killed. Now I hear that you will buy the general's head for 1000 pounds of gold. What are you going to do? " Looking at the future sky, I sighed and cried, "Every time I think about it, it hurts my bones, but I can't think of a way!" " Jing Ke said, "Now there is a saying that can relieve the evil of Yan State and clear the general's hatred. How's it going? "I leaned forward and said," what should I do? "Jing Ke said," I hope to get the general's head and dedicate it to the king of Qin. Of course, the king of Qin will be happy to summon me. I will grab his sleeve with my left hand and stab him in the chest with my right hand. Then the general's hatred can be washed away, and Yan's humiliation can be washed away. Does the general have this intention? " Van Yuqi took off one sleeve, showing his arm, and held the other wrist tightly with one hand. He approached Jing Ke and said, "This is my hatred of gnashing my teeth day and night, and I just heard your teachings today! "So he committed suicide. When the prince heard the news, he drove a Mercedes-Benz and cried on the car body, which was extremely sad. There was no way to recover, so I put Fan's head in a box and sealed it.
At that time, the prince had found the sharpest dagger in the world in advance, and found the dagger of Mrs. Zhao Renxu, and spent one hundred gold to buy it, so that craftsmen could quench it with poisonous water and try it with people. As long as they see a trace of blood, no one will die immediately. So he's going to pack up and send Jing Ke off. Qin Wuyang, a warrior of the State of Yan, killed at the age of thirteen, and no one dared to face it. So he sent Qin Wuyang as his assistant. Jing Ke is waiting for someone and intends to start together; The man lives far away and hasn't arrived yet. Jing Ke has prepared luggage for him. A few days later, Jing Ke hasn't set out yet. The prince thought he was stalling, suspected that he had broken his word, and advised, "The days are numbered. Does Jing Qing have any plans to leave? " Please allow me to send Qin Wuyang first. Jing Ke was angry and rebuked the prince, saying, "What does the prince mean by sending it like this? You are a worthless boy who only cares about going and coming back regardless of completing the task! Besides, he entered the unpredictable and violent state of Qin with a dagger. The reason why I stayed was to wait for another friend to go with me. At present, the prince thinks I have delayed the time, so let's leave and say goodbye! "So I set out.
The prince and the guests who knew about it all wore white clothes and white hats to see Jing Ke off. On the shore of Yishui, after the farewell party, on the road, the high-minded ceremony struck the floor, and Jing Ke sang in tune with the high-five festival, giving off a desolate and sad tone. All the people who saw me off cried and sang as they walked: "The wind is rustling and the water is cold, and the strong man is gone forever!" After another impassioned tone, the people who saw me off glared, their hair was straight and their hats were propped up. So Jing Ke got on the bus and left, never looking back. When Jing Ke arrived in the state of Qin, he brought a gift worth 1000 dollars to Meng Jia, the son of the king of Qin's favorite. Jing Ke, the representative of Meng Jia, said in front of the king of Qin: "The prince of Yan was really frightened by the majesty of the king of Qin and did not dare to send troops to resist the soldiers of Qin. He would rather be a vassal of the State of Qin from all over the country, rank among them according to other vassal States, and pay taxes like counties directly under him, so as to keep the ancestral hall of the first king. " I dare not make a statement in person because I am afraid. Today, I beheaded Fan, presented a map of Du Kang in Yan State, and sealed it in a box. The prince also held a farewell ceremony in the imperial court and sent envoys to inform the king of this situation. Please indicate. "The king of Qin was very happy to hear the news, so he put on his dress, arranged a grand ceremony for nine guests in diplomacy, and summoned the envoys of Yan State in Xianyang Palace. Jing Ke holding fan's head, Qin Wuyang holding a map box, according to the order of the ambassador agreement, walked to the front steps of the temple, Qin Wuyang face mutation, trembling, ministers were shocked. Jing Ke smiled back at Qin Wuyang and came forward to apologize: "The barbarians in the north have never seen the son of heaven, so they are terrified. I hope the king will be tolerant of him and let him complete his mission in front of the king. " The king of Qin said to Jing Ke, "Pass me the map that Wuyang took." Jing Ke took the map and presented it. The king of Qin unfolded the map, the scroll was displayed at the end, and the dagger was exposed. Jing Ke grabbed the sleeve of the king of Qin with his left hand and stabbed him with a dagger with his right hand. The king of Qin was scared before he got close, so he jumped out and broke his sleeves. Draw your sword quickly. It's very long. Just grab the scabbard. At that time, I was in a panic and anxious, and the sword was wrapped tightly, so I couldn't pull it out at once. Jing Ke chased the king of Qin, who ran around the column. The ministers were dumbfounded, and suddenly something unexpected happened, and everyone lost their normal state. According to the laws of Qin State, ministers attending temple fairs are not allowed to carry any weapons. Guards and military attaché s can only guard outside the temple in order with weapons, and are not allowed to enter the temple without the emperor's order. At the critical moment, it was too late to call the guards and soldiers below, so Jing Ke was able to catch up with the king of Qin. The feeling be nasty under, no weapons against Jing Ke, had to hit Jing Ke with his bare hands. At this moment, Xia Wuqie, the medical officer with the vehicle, shot Jing Ke with his medicine bag. Just as the king of Qin was circling around the pillar, he was so anxious that he didn't know what to do. The attendant shouted, "Your Majesty, push the sword behind your back!" The king of Qin pushed the sword behind his back, drew it and attacked Jing Ke, cutting off his left leg. Jing Ke was disabled, so he raised his dagger and stabbed the king of Qin directly. He missed, but hit the copper pillar. The king of Qin attacked Jing Ke one after another, and Jing Ke was stabbed in eight places. Knowing that great things can't be accomplished, Jing Ke leans on the pillar and smiles. He spread his legs and sat on the ground like a dustpan, cursing, "The great event failed because I wanted to capture you alive and force you to conclude a contract to return the vassal's land to the prince." Then the guards rushed to kill Jing Ke, and the king of Qin was unhappy for a long time. After judging the merits and demerits, there will be a difference between rewarding ministers and dealing with offending officials. Cut Xia Wu two hundred and twenty pieces of gold and said, "If you don't love me, beat Jing Ke with a medicine bag. "
So the king of Qin was furious, sent more troops to Zhao, ordered Wang Jian's army to attack Yan, and occupied Ji Cheng in October. Yan and Taizi Dan led all elite troops to retreat eastward to Liaodong. Li Xin, the general of Qin Dynasty, followed the prince closely, and wrote to the prince on behalf of Wang Jia, saying, "The reason why Qin Jun was particularly anxious to follow the prince was because of Prince Taizi Dan. Now if you kill Taizi Dan and give his head to the king of Qin, you will be forgiven by the king of Qin, and the country may be lucky enough to get a sacrifice. " After that, Li Xin led an army to pursue Taizi Dan hidden in the Yanshui River. The prince sent an emissary to kill Taizi Dan and prepare to dedicate his head to the king of Qin. The king of Qin sent troops to attack the state of Yan. In the next five years, the state of Qin finally wiped out the state of Yan and captured it.