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Mars is one of the eight planets in the solar system. It is the fourth planet in the solar system from the inside out. It is a terrestrial planet with a diameter of about 53% of the earth. Because of its axial tilt, its rotation period is similar to that of the earth, and its revolution time is about twice as long as that of the earth. The orange appearance is the surface hematite (iron oxide). In China's ancient books, Mars was called "flicker", while in ancient western countries (ancient Greece) it was called "Mars myth, God of War".

Mars is basically a desert planet, its surface is covered with sand dunes and gravel, and there is no stable liquid water body (temporarily, not long ago NASA announced that there is a small amount of water on Mars). The atmosphere dominated by carbon dioxide is thin and cold, and dust is suspended in it, and dust storms often occur every year. The polar caps composed of water ice and dry ice at the poles of Mars will fluctuate with the seasons.

Compared with the earth, the geological activities of Mars are relatively inactive. Most of the surface landforms were formed in ancient times, with dense craters, volcanoes and canyons, including Mount Olympus, the highest peak in the solar system, and Mariner Canyon, the largest canyon. Another unique topographical feature is the obvious difference between the northern and southern hemispheres: the southern part is an ancient highland covered with craters, while the northern part is a younger plain.

Mars has two natural satellites: Phobos and Phobos, which are irregular in shape and may be captured asteroids. On earth, Mars is visible to the naked eye, with the highest brightness reaching -2.9. Among the eight planets, it is darker than Jupiter and Venus. On September 28th, 20 15, NASA announced that there was flowing water on Mars.