For details, please refer to Gao's development history:
Gao's surname first appeared in the period of the ancient Yellow Emperor. The earliest ancient book in China, Shi Ben, recorded that "the Yellow Emperor had ministers as officials" and the chronicles of bamboo books said that the Yellow Emperor "lived with bears". There is a bear, now Xinzheng, Zhengzhou. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu Zhishen, the sixth grandson of Lu Shang (Jiang Ziya), had a son and a grandson, surnamed Gao.
Gao surname is a multi-ethnic, multi-source and ancient surname group with many origins. It ranks 153 among hundreds of surnames, 19 in the surnames list, and 30th in Taiwan Province Province, with a population of about14.769 million, accounting for 0.92% of the total population, mainly distributed in. The mainstream of Gao originated in today's Henan province, but it was mostly distributed in Qilu area after the Spring and Autumn Period.
Origin ancestor
From Jiang, son of Lu Zhishen, Duke Wen of Qi in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and Gao Gongzi. Jiang was originally a descendant of Emperor Yan, and Gao was a descendant of Emperor Yan. Gao's blood ancestors were Emperor Yan and Gao Yi. Shennong was born in and took Jiang as his surname. Sun Boyi, 17 Yandi, assisted Dayu in water control, and was named Lu Hou, so his descendants also took Lu as their surname. Jiang Shang, the 37th generation grandson of Lv Hou Boyi, namely Jiang Taigong, also known as Lu Shang, helped King Wu destroy Shang Lizhou and was sealed in Qi. Qi passed it on to Sun Wengong and Jiang Chi, the eighth squire, and Wen Gong's second son was sealed in Gaoyi, called Gongzi Gao. According to the aristocratic etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty, his grandson was named Gao Nuo after his ancestors. When Gao Biao was in the state of Qi, he welcomed his son Xiao Bai as the king, that is, Qi Huangong. Become the ancestor of the Gao family in Bohai. The seventh Sun Gaoxi was pushed out by Gong Sunzao and Gong Sunfan in Qi State, and started his career. Sun Gaoliang, the ninth generation of Kochi, was Stuart in the Song Dynasty, and Sun Gaohong, the ninth generation of Kochi 10, was the commander of the Bohai Sea in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Gao Hong's descendants founded the Gao family in Liaodong, and Gao Hong's descendants founded the Gao family in Guangling. The descendants of Bohai Sea are high in rehabilitation, Jing Zhao and Gao Shi. Most people named Gao and Jiang respect Gao Nuo as their ancestors, while others respect Gao Qumi (Jiang Qumi) and Gao Ke as their ancestors.
Originated from the surname of Jiang, from the son of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, belonging to the name of the ancestor. Take Wang Fu as the surname. In A.D. 10, Qi Hui, the son of Qi Huangong and his concubine Lieutenant Ji, became the monarch of Qi. Qi's son is called Gongzi Qi, with a high word, and his descendants also take Gao as their surname, that is, Shandong Gao.
Originated from Xianbei nationality:
During the 17th-20th year of Taihe (AD 493-496), Tuoba Hong (Justin), Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, vigorously promoted political reform and the policy of sinicization in culture. In this process, he changed the multi-syllable compound surname of the northern conference semifinals to the single surname of Chinese characters, and the Yanbian Bulou tribe of Xianbei people changed to Gao's, and later merged with the Han nationality to become one of the Gao's in Henan, in Fengxian County, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province.
At the end of the Eastern Wei regime in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, jing yuan An, a Xianbei ethnic group, was named Duke Du Xiang of Xihua County by Gao Huan, the great prime minister of the Eastern Wei Dynasty. In the eighth year (AD 550), his son Gao Yang met Yuan Shan, Emperor Xiaojing of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, deposed Emperor Xiaojing of the Eastern Wei Dynasty and established the Northern Qi regime. In the same year, it was the first year of nature protection in Levin, Wen Xuandi, Northern Qi Dynasty (AD 550). In addition, Yuan Wen Yao, who was born in Xianbei nationality, was also highly valued by Harmony in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Because of his achievements in welcoming King Gao Zhan to the throne, Gao Wei was given a special surname in the second year of Tiantong in the Northern Qi Dynasty (AD 566). His descendants take Gao as their surname, and he is also one of Gao's in Henan.
In the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Murong Yun, a Xianbei ethnic group of the Queen Yan, was renamed as a descendant of Levin, so he changed his surname to Gao Yun. Under this historical background, many of his descendants changed their surnames to Murong, as the single surname of Gao, and later their culture was sinicized and became the mainstream of Gao in Hebei. Some of his descendants changed their compound surnames to single surnames and called them Gao's. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Yuanshi County and Xu of Xianbei nationality changed their surnames to Gao. The name of Beiqi is Gao. At that time, some Xianbei people, such as An and Yuan, changed Chinese characters to Yuan. Because of their exploits in Beiqi, Gao Yang gave them a "high" surname; Gao Longzhi, an important official in the Northern Qi Dynasty, was originally named Xu. Because his father befriended Gao Huan, he was promoted. When Gao established the Beiqi regime, his surname became the national surname of the Beiqi regime, so the Emperor of Beiqi named him Gao in order to show his favor. Xu Ziyuan changed his surname to Gao, and his descendants later developed in Qixian County, Henan Province, becoming a local family and one of Gao's in Henan Province. Gao Lishi, the eunuch of the Tang Dynasty, was Feng Ang's great grandson and was adopted by Gao Yanfu, so he was promoted. The compound surname of the two words beginning with the word "Gao" was later changed to "Gao" as the surname. For example: Gaoche, Gaotang, Levin and Gao Ling. When Gao established the Beiqi regime, Gao became the national surname of Beiqi, and the emperor of Beiqi named him Gao in order to show his favor.
Originated from Manchu, it belongs to Han culture and changed its surname to surname. From the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of China, there were many cases in which the Manchu surname was changed to the Han surname, and some of them were transliterated from the Manchu surname to the Han surname, and the Gao family was changed to the Gao family. (X Jiashi in Manchu surname was originally Han nationality. After the Han nationality was taken as a coat or volunteered to be a slave, it was given the Manchu surname in the form of adding a good word to the original surname. )
The Manchu Duoluoshi, also known as Diao Luoshi and Zhao Lulu's, is called Dolohala in Manchu and means "nei" in Chinese. It lived in Yehe (now Lishu, Jilin) and the East China Sea (now the Russian coast). Later, the Chinese surnames of Duoguan were Gao and Zhao.
The Manchu Gaojia family, whose Manchu language is Gaojiyahala, is of Han nationality origin. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was taken by the Wuhuan Department of Xianbei in Liaodong and merged into Xianbei. Later, it gradually evolved into a jurchen in Liaodong, living in Gaizhou (now Gaizhou, Liaoning), Liaoyang (now Liaoyang, Liaoning) and Wula, Jilin (now Yongji, Jilin). After that, Xibe people were taken as surnames. After the middle of Qing dynasty, many officials had high Chinese surnames.
The Gorky family of Manchu, also known as Gorky family, lived in Nimacha (now Ussurisk, Russia, on the other side of Lake Muling Xingkai, Heilongjiang), and the last name was Gao.
Sadakshi in Manchu, originally from Bayala, later took the land as its surname, and Sakda Hala in Manchu, which means "forever" in Chinese. He has lived in Sakda (now Xiahe River Basin in Fushun, Liaoning Province), Ningguta (now Ning 'an, Jilin Province), Ahu River (now 60km from Nan 'an, Heilongjiang Province), Yehe (now Lishu, Jilin Province), Hetuala (now Yongling Town, Xinbin, Liaoning Province), Namudulu (now the Russian coast), Delinghawo River (now Donghun River in Fushun, Liaoning Province), Heilongjiang River Basin and other places, and since the middle of Qing Dynasty.
The Manchu Guoluoluo family, also known as Guoluoluo's family, Guoluoluo's family, and Guo Bo Roche, is called Gololohara in Manchu, and takes the land as the surname, and lives in Neiyin (now the upper reaches of Songhuajiang River in Fusong, Jilin), Zhanhe (now Shuangyang River in Jilin), Macha (now Hunjiang River in Jilin) and other places. After that, Xibe people were taken as surnames. After the middle of Qing dynasty, the surnames of the Han nationality in Duoguan were Gao, Guo and Guo.
The Guoerjia nationality of Manchu, also known as Guoluojia nationality and Gurjia nationality, is Gorky Yahara in Manchu, and lives in Budputbuzhantai (now south of Sanchazi in Tieling, Liaoning), Changbai Mountain and Nenhe (now Nehe in Heilongjiang). After that, Xibe people were taken as surnames. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, many Han surnames were Gao, Guo and Gu.
Originated from the Zhen family, it came from the Koguryo State of Liao and the Korean Peninsula in the Han and Tang Dynasties and was named after the country name. Yu Zhen's family was originally an ancient tribe in Hunjiang River valley in northeast China, and it was a branch of Fuyu's family in ancient Yan State. Its real name is Fuyu, which was under the jurisdiction of Xuantu County in the Western Han Dynasty. In the second year of Liu's founding in the Western Han Dynasty (37 BC), the Han Dynasty was weak and declined. Koguryo is the tribal leader of the clan. He took the opportunity to build his capital in Gucheng (now Huanren, Liaoning) and established Koguryo State. Claiming to be a descendant of Levin, he changed his surname to Gao. The Gao family ruled in Koguryo for more than 600 years. During this historical period, some Han historians called it "Fuyu nationality". In the third year of the Western Han Emperor Liu Kan Yuan (the 23rd year of Koguryo Ming, AD 3), the Koguryo Ming Dynasty moved its capital to the inner city (now Ji 'an, Jilin). In the eighth year of Jian Hong in the Western Qin Dynasty (Koguryo lived in Wang Gaoju for 14 years, AD 427), the longevity king of Koguryo moved to Wang Xiancheng (now Pyongyang, North Korea). Because the king of Koguryo is a Koguryo, the Koguryo family has always had a high political status during the existence of the ancient Liaodong Peninsula and the Koguryo State on the Korean Peninsula. In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, General Gao Lin was once named the Hou of Juye County, which was handed down from generation to generation by his ancestor Koguryo. Gao Liyu is indeed a surname, which was later changed to Gao's. The general knows that in the first year (AD 668, the twenty-sixth year of Koguryo Treasure King), the Koguryo Kingdom was destroyed by Xu Shiqi, commander-in-chief of the Tang army, and Anton, who were all protecting the allied forces in Xue. Tang Jun captured King Koguryo and his regime, massacred tens of thousands of people and collected 600,000 yuan. Since then, the Tang Dynasty established Andu Khufu in Wang Xiancheng. Since then, a considerable number of high-ranking people have moved to the Central Plains and passed down from generation to generation.
Gao Lishi (real name Feng) was a eunuch in the middle Tang Dynasty, belonging to Yin surname, which originated from Yin surname. Because Gao Lishi was a eunuch and had no children, he adopted a large number of sons of bureaucrats and nobles who fawned on him as adopted sons, all of whom were privately given high surnames and passed down from generation to generation.
From official position:
It comes from the official temple order of the Han Dynasty and belongs to the official title. Among the descendants of Gao Miaoling, when the world was in chaos during the Three Kingdoms period, some people took the official title of their ancestors as their surnames, which was called Gao Lingshi. Later, the provincial language was simplified to Gao's Miao's single surname, which was passed down from generation to generation.
Since the Jin Dynasty, the official position Gao Li belongs to the official title. Among the descendants of Governor Koryo, there are those who take their ancestors' official titles as surnames, which are called Koryo's. The post-provincial language was simplified to a single surname of Gao, Li and Du, which was passed down from generation to generation.
Hun sentence in Han dynasty (phonetic hook): Wang and Hou Gao don't know their descendants; Jin's Jurchen changed her surname to Gao's Lie's and Nalan's; Many clans in the Eight Banners of Manchu in the Qing Dynasty, such as Gao Jiashi, Hese Rihara, Tong Jiashi and Guoluo Roche, all had high surnames. Among the Hui people, some Muslims in the western regions changed their surnames to Gao after entering the customs. For example, scholars in the Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, were born in the Western Regions, entered the customs with Mongolian conquerors, and settled in Shanxi, taking Gao as their surname. These foreigners have lived with the Han nationality for a long time and gradually assimilated into the high surname in the north. In the south, there are other ethnic minorities, such as Bai, Hani, Jing, Li, Miao, Gelao, Xibo, Hui, Dongxiang, Yugur and Menba. The high surnames of these ethnic groups either come from their ancestors' localization of China culture, which is determined by the transliteration of ethnic minorities, or they are obtained by accepting official surnames. Another is because of political reasons such as the need to attach to powerful families. For example, in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Xianbei people changed from Lou's to Gao's, from Koryo's to Gao's, and in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, yuanshi county County and Xu's changed to Gao's. The Emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty gave an, Yuan and other Xianbei heroes the surname "Gao". Then there is the change from the compound surnames beginning with the word "Gao", such as Shi, Gao Tang, Lai and Gao Ling, to the single surname "Gao", which is the result of history. In addition, it is also common for children who have adopted surnames to change their height for inheritance.
Migration and communication:
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Gao was mainly active in North China, one of which was the late Warring States Period. After the destruction of Chu State, it passed through the land of wuyue, entered Chu State, and finally reached Hainan. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Gao's footprints have spread all over North China, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia and the Central Plains. The last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty was the heyday of Gao surname, and the most famous Bohai Gao surname was formed in Shandong. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Gao mainly migrated to the north and northeast. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, due to the demise of the Northern Qi Dynasty, Gao was forced to emigrate to southern Shaanxi and western Shu. At the end of the fourth century, the beginning of the fifth century and the end of the fifth century, the people of the Central Plains migrated to Japan on a large scale to escape the war, which formed two climaxes of "naturalized people" going to Japan as called in Japanese history books. The main curse is Wu Luanhua in the late Western Jin Dynasty. The long-term and extremely cruel ethnic vendetta made the Han people in Chinese mainland unbearable, and began a wave of large-scale migration to the surrounding areas: mainly south to the south of the Yangtze River, followed by fleeing from the northeast to the Korean Peninsula, and a considerable number of north and south refugees finally went to Japan. When King Liu came to Japan, Gao had an entourage. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Gao's main activity place was still north of the Yangtze River, but he continued to migrate to Sichuan and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. During the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, Gao migrated to all parts of the south of the Yangtze River, especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Gao entered Taiwan.