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The Culture of Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Southwest Guizhou
abstract

Ethnic festivals mainly include "March 3rd", "June 6th", "Chabai Song Festival" and "Cunninghamia Song Festival" of Buyi people. Miao people's "February 2" wedding festival, "August 8" wind plot, "flower picking festival" (also known as "flower jumping slope"); Yi "Torch Festival" and so on. Ethnic songs and dances, yi dance's Ami Qituo is known as "Oriental Tap Dance", and Buyi people's "Eight-tone Sitting Singing", Twelve Buyi Tonggu Songs, Tea White Songs, Indigenous Papermaking and Buyi Opera are listed in the national intangible cultural heritage.

Embroidery festival

On the eighth day of the first month of each year, gongs and drums are playing in the cultural square of Xinping Village, Bi Hen Town, Qinglong County. Miao men and women dressed in festive costumes, singing and dancing, praying for the annual Miao embroidery festival. "Embroidery Festival" is an innovative festival for local Miao compatriots, and people of all ethnic groups in Shili Baxiang will come to pray for good weather and good harvests in the coming year.

Chabaige Festival

Chabai Song Festival originated from a sad legend spread among Buyi people, and it is a day for Buyi people to commemorate the double suicide of Buyi youth Chalang and Baimei because of their loyalty to love and fear of violence. Every year from June 2 1 to 23/of the lunar calendar, people of all ethnic groups from neighboring counties (cities) come from all directions, and young Buyi men and women dressed in festive costumes gather here to sing and dance, expressing their pursuit of loyal love and yearning for a happy life. Tea White Song Festival, known as the "Valentine's Day" of Buyi people in China, was listed in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage protection list by the state in 2006.

June sixth

June 6th is also called "respect for seedlings", "respect for young crops" and "respect for the God of Valley". Legend has it that Valley God evolved from his old ancestors. Every year on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, Buyi people gather in their village to hold duet competitions and other folk activities, which is also an opportunity for people to make friends and whistle with young men and women. "June 6th" Buyi folk custom has been included in the provincial intangible cultural heritage list.

Chinese fir song club

"Maoshanshu Song Festival" is a traditional festival of Buyi people in Maoshanshu Village, Ward Town, Yilong New District. Every year, the first "Snake Farmer Day" after the third day of the third lunar month will be held in Maoshanshu Village, mainly to commemorate two legendary national heroes who died for the people. Activities generally include folk songs duet, "Lang Shao" looking for a spouse, and paying homage to the sacred house, which has a far-reaching influence in the Nanpanjiang River Basin. In 2005, it was listed in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage protection list in Guizhou Province.

Amechito

A-mei Qituo originated from a dance in life, and its twelve basic movements mostly came from farming activities and daily life, such as transplanting rice seedlings, harvesting seedlings, releasing ducks and feeding dogs. The central meaning of the dance is that the sisters, as brides, express their deep blessings to the girl who is about to get married, and tell the bride with 12 dance steps representing different meanings that they should be diligent in keeping the house, respect the old and love the young, and behave themselves.

Bayinzuo

Buyi people's eight-tone sitting singing, also known as Buyi eight-tone, is a folk art rap form handed down from generation to generation by Buyi people. Buyi Bayin refers to the traditional rap art that spreads in Guanling, Zhenning, Anshun and Zhenfeng in southwest Guizhou. Buyi Bayin is also called Bayin Sitting Singing, and the performance team ranges from 8 people to 14 people. Life, beauty, cleanliness and ugliness are all sung without makeup. It is named after the ensemble of eight musical instruments, such as oxleg bone, bamboo tube piano, straight flute, Qin Yue, sanxian, awn bow, cucurbit silk and piccolo.

According to legend, the prototype of Buyi Eight Tones belongs to court elegant music, mainly playing. After the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, due to the aesthetic consciousness of Buyi people, it gradually developed into a folk art form with silk and bamboo instruments as the main accompaniment.

Buyi opera

Buyi Opera, formerly known as Tuxi, originated in Naiyan Township, Ceheng County (now Ba Du Town). There are dramas such as Rossi Star, A Woman Marries Dover, and March 3rd.

rocket festival

On the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month, people gathered in Daxing, Panjiazhuang, Xingren County. During the day, they sing folk songs, play the piano, play the flute, play the konoha and talk to each other. At dusk, "archery" began one after another, sweeping the village at night, and then shooting at the end of the village with bamboo bows and arrows to show victory. Kill a rooster and a duck. There are more than 5,000 cultural relics in Quanzhou, including 45 national first-class cultural relics, accounting for about half of the national first-class cultural relics in the province. Father figurines, bronze chariots and horses, finger lamps, cash cows, paddy field models of Shouchengyin and Taotang in Baxian, bronze pots, copper pots, chimes and horns found in Anlong and other places were unearthed in Wantun, Xingyi City and Jiaole Han Tomb in Xingren County. The Tonggushan site in Pu 'an Castle Peak was officially excavated from 1980, and was excavated for the second time in 2002, covering an area of * * * 2,399 square meters. Four houses, 1 kiln site and1/ash pit were excavated, and relatively complete pottery, stone tools, bronzes, ironware and tools were unearthed. 1974 Archaeologists of Guizhou Provincial Museum excavated 7 precious human fossils, more than 4,000 stone products and a large number of mammalian fossils in He Miaomiao Cave on the east side of Ding Xiao Town, Xingyi City, and found traces of fire. Luyin Village, Ding Xiao Town, Xingyi City is the only place in China where reptiles and fish fossils are found at the same time. It is known as the "treasure house of paleontological fossils". The 240 million-year-old "Guizhou Dragon" fossil was first discovered here in 1957, which is the first Triassic aquatic reptile fossil reported in China. There are also many cliff stone carvings in the state, written in Chinese, Yi, Arabic and Manchu. Fonts include orthography, cursive script, official seal and seal. The contents include official proclamations, folk regulations, celebrity inscriptions, historical events, etc. , involving politics, military affairs, economy, culture and society.