"and" play live ". Qingyang Han people have always followed the traditional habit that a clever woman can't cook without rice, giving sachets at the Dragon Boat Festival, wearing sachets to ward off evil spirits and receive blessings.
Qingyang sachet embroidery is widely distributed in eight counties (districts) of Qingyang, and its origin can be traced back to the "fumigation method" in the Yellow Emperor period and the clothing civilization and naive technology in the Neolithic period. Its craft matured in the twelve chapters of Shunming jade robes, which was the most abundant in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and was popularized in the whole city from the Republic of China to the 1960s after liberation.
Qingyang sachet embroidery technology is an embroidery plastic arts with a long history. It is a pure manual craft integrating three-dimensional plastic arts and plane embroidery. There are three main categories of three-dimensional plastic arts and techniques: one is the shortage category. The second is the coil class. The third category is three-dimensional, divided into single-sided pendants, ornaments, double-sided hanging ornaments, three-dimensional pendants and ornaments.
Qingyang sachet (tight) is simple and simple in structure, but beautiful and diverse; Embroidery is rough and vigorous, with relief and wild interest, giving people the beauty of primitive life. The shapes are varied and varied, which is not only the inheritance of the original traditional handicraft skills handed down by Qingyang women from generation to generation, but also the reproduction of personal skills and wisdom. Most of them are based on polytheism and primitive totems in human childhood, with ancient historical ornamentation as the main content, decorative function as the purpose, and ornamental and wearing as the main style. There are hanging pieces, sleeves, table skirts, coats, pillowcases and other types.
According to historical records, sachets are also called purses, sachets, dresses and stinks, and Qingyang is commonly known as famine.
Or play games. Qingyang area has the custom of making tight-fitting on the Dragon Boat Festival (tight-fitting originally refers to a sewing method of primitive bone needles, later called sewing with cloth, and the mouth of the bag can be loosened or tightened). Its starting time is still unknown, and it is said that it was formed in more than 2300 BC. Qi Bo, the author of Huangdi Neijing, once started fumigation with a medicine bag to prevent epidemics, drive away epidemics and ban snake venom. Since Qi Bo was born in Qingyang, this law has gradually become a local custom, and it has been circulated continuously. Herbs are called vanilla, so medicine bags are called sachets or shortages.
The earliest classic of traditional Chinese medicine, Huangdi Neijing, has records about sachets.
During the Warring States Period, Qu Yuan's Lisao contained the concepts of "tiger will divide" and "pen Xi Zhi", which Qiu Lan considered admirable. Li Jiang, Fructus Aurantii and Qiulan are all herbs. Sewing means connecting. Pei is, which means sachet and wearing. The whole sentence means taking Pei Wei, who is full of herbs. Thus, as early as the Warring States period when Qu Zi was alive, the sachet was an ornament. There is a saying in the Book of Rites of the Han Dynasty: Men and women who are not crowned ... wear tassels and stink. Smell is sachet, which means that underage men and women in Han Dynasty wore sachets.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, sachets gradually became the special products for ladies and beauties. On the other hand, male officials began to wear wallets. Some officials simply put their wallets on court clothes when they go to court. Of course, the purse and sachet were not exactly the same at that time. The sachet is mainly filled with herbs, while the wallet is mainly filled with towels and exquisite things. This is consistent with the handbag-type chitose sachet unearthed in Shuangta Temple, Huachi County, Qingyang City in 2003.
In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Qingyang sachet was very prosperous and became a good product for people to wear or give. By the Qing Dynasty, the sachet had become a symbol of love.
When history evolves into modern times, sachets are mostly used as gifts for Han people during the Dragon Boat Festival. Their main function is to pray for good luck and avoid evil spirits.
From the Republic of China to the 1960s after liberation, the embroidery of Qingyang sachets spread to every household, and girls in Qingyang learned needlework at the age of seven or eight.
In the 1960s, the art of folk sachets was once silent.
Until the mid-1980s, famous national experts Zhang, Cao Zhenfeng, Jin.
Yang Xianrang and French friend Gillam visited and promoted, and sachet embroidery flourished again, taking the lead in going to the market and going abroad.
At 200 1, cultural relics workers found a well-preserved Jin dynasty sachet in the tower of Shuangta Temple in Huachi County. This sachet is made of yellow-brown woven cotton, oval, straight on one side and inlaid with agate and gemstone chain. The periphery is decorated with traditional sewing technology and cross-stitch yellow and white silk thread, and the bottom is decorated with freehand chicken feet. The main body is begonia flower, embroidered with colored silk thread. Mosaic modeling is vivid from color to modeling, full of changes. Although it was a long time ago, it is still as beautiful as new. Because the Twin Towers Temple was built more than 830 years ago in the year of Jin Dading10 (1710), the sachet is at least the same age as the Twin Towers, so it is called "Chitose sachet". Its discovery is the most direct witness to the inheritance of Qingyang sachet's ancient culture, and it also proves that Qingyang sachet has a very long history. "Chitose sachet" was a treasure in the hearts of believers at that time and was dedicated to the Buddha. Later generations have a poem praising: "Chitose sachet hides the stupa, needle it, find begonia flowers, skillfully embroider the world of hidden flowers, and truly present a pure land temple." "Chitose sachet" is famous for its exquisite craftsmanship, and is praised by folklore experts as "the best sachet in China".
In 2002, Qingyang City was named the hometown of sachet embroidery by the Chinese Folklore Society.
The "China Qingyang Sachet Folk Culture Festival" held for five consecutive years has made the folk culture of Qingyang Sachet recognized at home and abroad, and the production of sachet and embroidery has reached a climax.
In 2005, "Qingyang sachet embroidery system" entered the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list published by the State Council.
In 2007, the old man He Meiying was named as the representative inheritor of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage project "Qingyang sachet embroidery system" by the Ministry of Culture.