Broccoli is a herb of 1-2 years old, which is native to the eastern Mediterranean coast. At present, it is cultivated in the north and south of China, and has become one of the main vegetables in daily life. Broccoli is rich in nutrients, including protein, sugar, fat, vitamins and carotene. Its nutritional components rank first among similar vegetables, and it is known as the "crown of vegetables".

A variety of Brassica plants in Cruciferae whose products are green flower heads. Originated in Italy on the Mediterranean coast of Europe, it was introduced to China during Guangxu period.

morphological character

shape

The morphological characteristics and growth habits of broccoli are basically similar to those of ordinary cabbage, belonging to genus.

Brassica species of Cruciferae, 1-2 years old herb. Strong growth, strong heat resistance and cold resistance. This plant is very tall. According to the growth of different varieties of leaves, about 20 leaves are taken out, with clustered buds at the top. Close-knit flowers are spherical and hemispherical with turquoise buds, so they are called broccoli.

leaf

The color of leaves alternated between blue and green, gradually turned into dark blue and green, and the wax layer thickened. The petiole is long and narrow, and the leaf shape has two kinds: broad leaf and long leaf. The rhizome is thick, the epidermis is thin, the water content in the middle pith cavity is large, fresh and tender, and the root system is developed.

cultivation techniques

Choose a shed to build a shed.

1. shed site selection: flat terrain, large slope and small ground difference. The leeward is sunny, with good drainage, water nearby and convenient transportation.

2. Construction of shed: the sunlight shed is better in the north-south direction, and the greenhouse is better in the east-west direction, and the main body is brick structure. Generally, the sunlight shed is 50- 100 meters long, 0/2-15 meters wide and 3-4 meters high. The shed spacing is 3-4m, and the steel skeleton1-1.2m shall not exceed1.3m.. A greenhouse is generally 30-50 meters long and 2.7-3.3 meters high, with a north-south ratio of 10- 12 meters and a east-west ratio of 6-8 meters. The spacing between steel frames shall be 0.9- 1m and shall not exceed1.1m. Plastic film mulching and fire heating are usually used, and other methods are also possible.

3. Selection of shed film: The film with good quality and anti-aging is 0.8- 10 mm in thickness or 10- 12 mm in white, with good toughness, drip prevention and fog reduction. The film length depends on the shed film, and the film width is 8- 10 m.

Seedbed preparation

1. Seedbed construction: designed by itself according to the shed width, mainly to ensure the convenience of locomotive seedling transportation, manual water spraying, fertilization and weeding.

2. Take seedling soil: It is required that the soil texture is excellent, without weed seeds and pesticide residues, and it is best to use the topsoil of wheat stubble or other crops (except vegetable stubble) without pesticide residues.

3. Screening: transport the materials back to the soil, screen out sundries and pile them up for later use.

4. Proportion of seedling soil: disinfect the seedling soil first. Then use 1m3 sieved dry fine soil], add 0.5kg of imported compound fertilizer (containing N 16P 16K 16), 15kg of organic fertilizer, 25-30g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 75% bactericide and 0./.

5. Bowling: Put the mixed seedling soil into the seedling pot, which must be filled with bowls and placed in rows, with 7 rows in each greenhouse and row width of1.35 m (16-17 bowls). 50 cm from the edge of greenhouse film, 30 cm between rows, to be sown.