In film and television production, lighting can set off the atmosphere, highlight the image, reflect the psychology of the characters and affect the mood of the audience. The following is the importance of lighting in film and television production that I have compiled for you. Welcome to refer to ~

The importance of lighting in film and television production 1. The position of light in the film

In film and television production, lighting can set off the atmosphere, highlight the image, reflect the psychology of the characters and affect the mood of the audience. Controlling lighting is an important link in film and television production. The lighting in the movie scene is different from that in the real world. In order to achieve the desired effect, lighting usually requires many settings, such as quantity, position, color, brightness, attenuation, shadow and rendering settings. Therefore, the important position of lighting in film and television production is beyond doubt.

2. The role of lighting in movies:

Film and television lighting often has two meanings, one is to meet the brightness of the object technically, and the other is to shape and depict the subject through lighting to show specific artistic effects. The artistic effects are as follows.

(1) the modeling function of light;

There are many factors that affect the shape of an object, but the most important thing is the shape of the object itself and the position of the light source. Different light levels can make the same object take on different shapes. For example, suppose a cone. When the camera and the cube are on the same horizontal line, changing the position of light will take on different shapes. When the light is in front, the cone presents a plane with uniform brightness. When the light is on one side, the cone will show a tone transition from light to dark, thus producing a stereoscopic effect. When the light is behind, the main body of the object becomes a black hole with a bright outline around it. Of course, all the above are single-lamp lighting, and the light level mentioned is the main light level. In actual shooting, three lights are usually used, one is the main light, the other is the auxiliary light and the other is the contour light. Among them, the main light is the main plastic light in film and television cloth, and its position is usually in front of the side of the subject. The specific main light level should consider plot development, scene scheduling, character and so on. The main light with different light levels forms different shadow areas and shading effects on people's faces. In normal main light illumination, the position of the main light is within the space range of 30-60 between the subject and the camera on the horizontal or vertical plane, and the height is also 30-60. The light level and angle of the auxiliary lamp depend on the modeling requirements and artistic effects of the characters. Generally, the light level of auxiliary light is close to the camera and forms an angle of-30-30 on the horizontal plane of the camera, and the height is low, which can illuminate the shadow seen from the camera angle and adjust the shadow concentration and level caused by the main light properly. The different intensities of the main light and the auxiliary light can make the picture have different tone effects: when the light ratio of the main light and the auxiliary light is large, the shadow on people's face is thicker, the three-dimensional effect is strong, and the tone is high and soft. Side light is the backlight of the main body. Lamps and lanterns are generally spotlights, the light is hard and the intensity can be close to or greater than the main light. The light ratio with the main light is 1: 1 or 2: 1. It is very important to choose the irradiation angle of side light. Generally, the side light is located on the other side of the main light, and the vertical irradiation angle of the side light should not be too large or too small. If the vertical angle is too large, it will produce an unsatisfactory top light effect, while if the vertical angle is too small, the camera will produce a dazzling effect, which will affect the picture clarity.

There are also three basic light levels in the vertical plane: plane light, overlooking light and foot light.

In life, light sources usually come from the side, outdoor sunlight or moonlight, indoor ceiling lamps and table lamps. Therefore, our normal feelings about characters are bright above and dark below, convex and bright, and concave and dark. But when you shoot people with flat light, this feeling is completely changed. The brightness of the top and bottom, the protruding part and the concave part are all uniform. Therefore, plane light is a typical light, which can eliminate the three-dimensional sense of the subject and make the subject present a plane effect.

When the light is concave, the characters will show a familiar state, and the three-dimensional effect of upper light and lower darkness, convex light and concave darkness makes our eyes feel very comfortable. When the light level continues to rise until it reaches the top of the head, the effect of convex light and concave dark is strengthened to the extreme. At this time, the human eye becomes a black hole, and the character modeling presents a skeleton effect, so the top light is a very ugly light.

(2) The influence of illumination on modeling intensity.

When determining the subject, the main factor that determines the shape strength of the object is the nature of light, which can be divided into direct light and scattered light. Direct light can form a strong tone contrast and a bright dividing line between light and shade, making objects appear hard and heavy. The greater the tone contrast, the harder the tone and the harder and heavier the object appears. Scattered light can form a mild tone contrast and a soft light-dark boundary, which makes the object appear soft. The greater the tone contrast, the softer the tone, and the lighter and softer the object appears. The sound between the two is called alto. In film and television production, strong light is used to express movement and soft light is used to express stillness; Expressive in strong light; Express beauty with soft light. Of course, in actual shooting, the softness and hardness of the color tone not only depends on the nature of the light, but also depends on the position of the main light and the illuminance of the auxiliary light, that is, the light ratio, but it is the nature of the light that plays a major role.

(2) The key points of lighting:

① It is the easiest way to highlight the subject from the background. When shooting, we only let the subject shine and let the background drown in the darkness, so our eyes will naturally be attracted by the bright subject first, thus making the characters stand out from the background.

② Highlight the subject from the group: this is the most expressive level. In a group, who is the brightest (dark) is the most eye-catching. So when shooting, whoever is the most eye-catching will be the brightest, such as the German film "Tin Drum"; In one scene, there were three people, and the one in the middle was particularly bright, which stole the audience's attention.

(3) The influence of lighting on the audience's mood:

As a means of artistic expression, lighting tone also embodies feelings. For example, at the beginning of the American movie The Godfather, the yard was sunny and cheerful. Italian folk songs urged the crowd to sing and dance, and the lively tone filled the warm atmosphere of the wedding celebration. At the same time, the room was dark. The godfather is talking with his family about one killing "business" after another, and the dark tone is suffocating.

(1) the relationship between lighting tone and emotional category. Tone is divided into two levels, one is the brightness of the whole picture, and the other is the contrast of image brightness. These two levels correspond to the category and intensity of emotions respectively. The influence of these two aspects on mood is based on the physiological-psychological induction of light by human eyes. Bright light excites people, low dark light depresses people, bright colors indicate excited mood, and low dark colors indicate depressed mood. The approximate correspondence between tone and emotion should be: bright tone makes people excited, happy, happy, sweet and relaxed. Dark tones make people depressed, sad, sad, bitter and heavy.

② The relationship between lighting tone and emotional intensity: The emotional intensity reflected by the tone is expressed by the contrast between light and dark of the image. The greater the contrast, the harder the tone and the higher the emotional intensity. The contrast is small, the tone is soft and the emotional intensity is low.

The corresponding relationship between emotional intensity and soft tone should be: hard tone, high-intensity emotions-tension, fierceness, adventure, terror, irritability and so on. Soft tone, low-intensity emotions-relaxation, soothing, melodious, gentle, lingering, etc. The middle tone is between the two, and its brightness contrast is close to the feeling of human eyes observing things under normal circumstances. So its mood is normal, peaceful and objective.

(4) the symbolic function of light

In the Bible, light is used to symbolize God, Christ, truth, virtue, happiness and towering vitality, while darkness is used to symbolize evil, cruelty, evil, pain and the threat of death.

Lighting in film and television has too many functions, and its role in film and television production is irreplaceable. Both domestic films and European and American films have strict requirements on the lighting in order to achieve the purpose of greatly stimulating and enjoying the audience's spirit. Therefore, we must carefully grasp the use of lighting in the future production process. Look at the lights correctly.

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