Hairpins, also known as hairpins, hairpins and crown hairpins, are hair accessories used to fix hair or wear it on the top of the head, and also have decorative effects. Generally, it is single-stranded (one arm), and double-stranded (two arms) is called hairpin or hairpin, which looks like a fork.

Hairpin refers to the hair accessories used by women. Jin Chai refers to Jin Chai, which is a metaphor for a noble woman. Chai Jing refers to a simple dress with a thorn branch as the hair pin (the hair pin is an iron fork for mowing grass, not a hair accessory). Because there are two strands of hairpins, parting hairpins are borrowed to refer to the separation of husband and wife, such as "broken mirror parting hairpins" and "parting hairpins with broken bands".

In ancient times, hairpin and hairpin were made of bamboo, wood, jade, tortoise shell, ceramics, bones, teeth, gold, silver, copper and other materials. After the appearance of hairpin, hairpin and hairpin were used less and less gradually. It has become popular again in recent years. In addition to traditional materials, there are also hairpins made of plastic or decorated with plastic, and hairpins inlaid with crystals or other semi-precious stones are also very popular.

In ancient China, men and women used hairpins to fix their hair crowns, and some put pens on their heads to take notes at any time, which is called hairpins (hairpins originally refer to a kind of crown ornaments that put hair on their heads). Because the official hat will be fixed with a hairpin, it is often borrowed to refer to the official position, such as hairpin, tassel and hairpin, to describe wealth. The tassel is a silk hat band, and the water is a handwritten version. Japanese women's traditional hairstyles are often decorated with hairpins. When Korean women wear Hanbok, they put their hairpins in their bun. If they wear a fake bun, they will also use the hairpin as decoration.

jade hairpin

Hairpin, a traditional ornament, is quite classical in the East. A woman holding a hairpin has a cool and swaying style in summer, just like coming out of a mural in the palace, swaying gracefully, like a lotus flower in summer, which reminds people that "water leaves a lotus flower, which is naturally carved" and "Lotus is picked in autumn in the south of the Yangtze River, and lotus seeds are clear as water". !

Hairpins are essential jewelry for oriental women to comb all kinds of hairstyles. Usually, women like to decorate their hair with precious materials such as gold, silver, pearl jade, agate and coral, such as big earplugs, small earplugs, pearl flowers, sideburns, crown hair and tap hair. Although there are many kinds of hair clips, the choice should be based on everyone's conditions and identity. For example, before the Qing Dynasty, Fujin in Nurhachi, Fujin and Gege in Baylor all used Dongzhu as the best material for making hair accessories. After 200 years, it was gradually replaced by Hepu Pearl Nanzhu.

Also known as hairpin, hairpin and crown hairpin, it is a hair ornament used to fix hair or wear it on the top, and also has a decorative effect. Generally, single strand (one arm) and double strand (two arms) are called hairpin or hairpin, which looks like a fork.

Hairpin refers to the hair accessories used by women. Jin Chai refers to Jin Chai, which is a metaphor for a noble woman. Chai Jing refers to a simple dress with a thorn branch as the hair pin (the hair pin is an iron fork for mowing grass, not a hair accessory). Because there are two strands of hairpins, parting hairpins are borrowed to refer to the separation of husband and wife, such as "broken mirror parting hairpins" and "parting hairpins with broken bands".

In ancient times, hairpin and hairpin were made of bamboo, wood, jade, tortoise shell, ceramics, bones, teeth, gold, silver, copper and other materials. After the appearance of hairpin, hairpin and hairpin were used less and less gradually. It has become popular again in recent years. In addition to traditional materials, there are also hairpins made of plastic or decorated with plastic, and hairpins inlaid with crystals or other semi-precious stones are also very popular.

In ancient China, men and women used hairpins to fix their hair crowns, and some put pens on their heads to take notes at any time, which is called hairpins (hairpins originally refer to a kind of crown ornaments that put hair on their heads). Because the official hat will be fixed with a hairpin, it is often borrowed to refer to the official position, such as hairpin, tassel and hairpin, to describe wealth. The tassel is a silk hat band, and the water is a handwritten version. Japanese women's traditional hairstyles are often decorated with hairpins. When Korean women wear Hanbok, they put their hairpins in their bun. If they wear a fake bun, they will also use the hairpin as decoration.

jade hairpin

Hairpin, a traditional ornament, is quite classical in the East. A woman holding a hairpin has a cool and swaying style in summer, just like coming out of a mural in the palace, swaying gracefully, like a lotus flower in summer, which reminds people that "water leaves a lotus flower, which is naturally carved" and "Lotus is picked in autumn in the south of the Yangtze River, and lotus seeds are clear as water". !

Hairpins are essential jewelry for oriental women to comb all kinds of hairstyles. Usually, women like to decorate their hair with precious materials such as gold, silver, pearl jade, agate and coral, such as big earplugs, small earplugs, pearl flowers, sideburns, crown hair and tap hair. Although there are many kinds of hair clips, the choice should be based on everyone's conditions and identity. For example, before the Qing Dynasty, Fujin in Nurhachi, Fujin and Gege in Baylor all used Dongzhu as the best material for making hair accessories. After 200 years, it was gradually replaced by Hepu Pearl Nanzhu.

Compared with pearls, gold and jade are superior materials, such as gold-plated, silver-plated or copper, as well as precious stones, jadeite and coral ivory. They are made into various hairpin ornaments and decorated on the bun, which is much simpler than after entering the customs. Since the Qing Dynasty, Manchu women, especially court women, have paid more attention to hairpin ornaments because of the influence of headdresses of Han women. For example, in the 16th year of Qianlong (175 1), when Emperor Qianlong celebrated his mother's 60th birthday, only the names of all kinds of hair clips were jaw-dropping, for example, All goes well, Mei Caiying wins the hairpin, Jingfu sleeps in peace, and Riyongqin writes the hairpin. These hair clips are undoubtedly the top grade of materials and production.

Judging from the hairpin ornaments left by empresses in Qing Dynasty, there are two kinds of hairpin. One is a practical hairpin, which is mostly used to fix the bun and head shape. Another kind of gold hairpin is a decorative hairpin, which is precious in material and exquisite in pattern. It is specially used for combing bun and worn in an obvious position. Many realistic palace paintings collected in the Forbidden City now depict queens wearing hairpins. From the picture, some of them put the hairpin in the middle of the bun, and some inserted it obliquely at the root of the bun. Empresses' heads are full of jewels, but their hairpins are the best. Therefore, in the Qing Dynasty, empresses and concubines were all made of jade jewelry, and their production techniques were also very particular. It is often the most precious to make a hairpin with a whole piece of jade, coral crystal or ivory. For example, the white jade in the Forbidden City in Beijing is made of a pure suet white jade, and the hairpin is the last stroke of the birth word. Similarly carved jade plate sausage hairpin and coral bat hairpin are excellent works of hairpin decoration. In addition, there are Jin Fu Qian Guan, Magpie Hairpin, Five Bats Shoushou Hairpin and so on. , with its exquisite carving and exquisite and eye-catching. There is also a kind of head hairpin inlaid with various pearls and gems on a gold base, which is mostly composed of a head and a pin, but it still has a sense of wealth and luxury. With the gradual widening of the hairstyle of the empress in Qing Dynasty, the modeling of hairpin ornaments has gradually developed to two extremes. One is that the hairpin head gradually becomes smaller, such as a pimple needle, an ear-digging spoon and an old crow spoon. The other is that the hairpin ornaments are getting bigger and bigger, which are not only suitable for Manchu women to comb two heads and cover a large area, but also gradually evolve into headdresses, flat squares and other big jewelry.

Hairpins, as jewelry, are worn on the head, which not only beautifies the bun, but also symbolizes the auspicious words made of hairpins and the beautiful pursuit of expressing feelings and wishes. As far as the hairpin ornaments left by empresses in Qing dynasty are concerned, the diversity of forms and patterns is beyond the previous generation. A deformed bead "Boy Ping An" hairpin once exhibited in the Treasure Hall is a rare treasure. Hairpin is an exceptionally deformed pearl, about five centimeters long, and looks like a dancing urchin. On the left side of the deformed bead, a sapphire vase is decorated, and several thin red coral branches are inserted in the bottle mouth to set off the word "An". There is a A Jin Ruyi handle behind the urchin, which is connected with the Aquarius into a whole, and the head of Jinleisi Ganoderma lucidum is exposed on the right side of the urchin. Judging from the urchin decoration, it is a boy. When the whole wishful thinking is linked together, it is called "the boy is safe" or "the boy is happy and safe". The moral ethics of feudal society pays attention to the "three cardinal principles and five permanents", that is, the monarch is the minister's cardinal principle, the husband is the wife's cardinal principle and the father is the child's cardinal principle. The emperor's wives and concubines, of course, take the emperor as the key link and want to have more children for the royal family, so that the royal family can have a strong blood line and the imperial power can be passed down forever. The intention of this hairpin is self-evident. However, the facts are not so satisfactory. Twenty-four of the thirty-five sons of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty grew up, and the princes fought for power and profit, so that Emperor Kangxi died before he was seventy years old. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, two emperors, Tongzhi and Guangxu, had queens and concubines, but no children, which made their mother Cixi listen to politics twice and ruled China for half a century.

Empress Dowager Cixi is also obsessed with beauty. She likes gorgeous clothes and ornaments all her life, especially peony hairpin and butterfly hairpin made of ruby, red coral and jade. In the 11th year of Xianfeng, Yining died in chengde mountain resort. Cixi became a widow at the age of 27. According to Manchu custom, the wife should be her husband Dai Xiao, and she was released for 27 months. The hair clasp on your head should be made of uncut bone or pure silver. Empress Dowager Cixi ordered the factory to produce a batch of silver-gray jade, Daphne and other headdresses. In February of the first year of Tongzhi, this batch of plain clothes jewelry was sent to Cixi one after another. Cixi wears it painfully every day. After the release expires, all the jewels are put in the cold palace. Cixi put on her exquisite and luxurious headdress again, and this habit remained until her later years.

The queen wears hairpins seasonally. They wear golden hair clips in winter and spring. In the long summer, they put on gold hair pins and jade hair pins. Until beginning of winter changed into Jin Chai. Ms. Yu Deling, who worked as a female translator beside Cixi in the late Qing Dynasty, recalled: April 24th of the lunar calendar 1903 was a long summer. "On this day, everyone should put on gold hairpin and jade hairpin". This foot, Cixi gave Yu Deling's mother, sister and herself a jade hairpin. "The queen mother chose a beautiful hairpin for my mother, saying that this hairpin was worn by three queens, and two beautiful ones were given to our sisters, saying that these two were a pair, one was often worn by the queen mother, and the other was worn by herself when she was young." At the end of the Qing Dynasty, most of the empresses' hairpins were relics handed down by their ancestors, and all the empresses in the palace regarded them as treasures. People that Cixi likes can be rewarded at will, and there is no constraint. But Emperor Guangxu hated a Hosta so much that he would never forgive him until he died. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898 in the late Qing Dynasty, Cixi imprisoned Guangxu in Yingtai. One day, the Jade Dragon Queen went to see Guangxu, and Guangxu was very disgusted. Although he and Yulong are nominally husband and wife, there is no mutual affection between husband and wife. Therefore, when Guangxu saw Yulong, he was so disgusted that he couldn't breathe evenly. Guangxu didn't want to see the arrival of Yulong, and even said, "Kneel down!" Yulong was very angry and pretended not to hear. Guangxu saw that she didn't leave, and his hands trembled with anger, trying to push her out. I didn't expect him to push too hard and hit the hairpin on Long Yufa's bun. Hosta fell to the ground and immediately shattered. This Hosta is a relic of the Qianlong period. It was passed on to Cixi, and she gave it to Yulong. When Yulong saw this, he immediately cried and told Cixi about it. Cixi was furious and hated Guangxu even more. From then on, she sent people to closely monitor Guangxu, sent meals and cold soup, and treated Guangxu as a sinner. Political differences made the relationship between Cixi and Guangxu like strangers, and a hairpin became the fuse of their mother-child relationship, and Guangxu's early death became a historical necessity.

In the folk, generally speaking, the rich use jade and silver, and the poor use bones. Silver hair clips are also essential for ordinary people to marry their daughters. Women cherish it very much, because it is a more valuable thing to accompany them, some of which will never be lost or damaged. Most of the hairpins widely used by the people are bone, so people are always used to calling them "bone hairpins". Hairpins are usually three or four inches long, and there are some longer ones, but they are rare. The hair clip has a thin head and a round knot at the tail. The thin head is easy to insert into the bun, and the small protrusions at the tail can make the bun strong. There is also a flat hairpin with thick ends and thin middle, mostly made of silver and copper. The two sides of the flat hairpin are divided into two sides, the front is decorated with flowers and auspicious patterns, the back is light, and the whole shape is slightly bent inward. The flat hairpin has obvious decorative significance, and it shines when fixed on the hair. Hairpin is an indispensable ornament for many ethnic women to modify their hair. It is an effective product for fixing women's hair and hairdressing, which is the main reason why it has been used for thousands of years.

Besides the hairpins made of white jade and rhinoceros horn, precious metals are rare. A Liao Dynasty silver-plated golden phoenix hairpin attracted investors' attention, especially the exquisite craftsmanship of the Phoenix above, which was amazing. The transaction price was 66,000, which was already a high price more than ten years ago. There is also a pair of gold hairpin in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty, and the transaction price is 179200 yuan. The head of this gold hairpin is an umbrella-shaped rotating flower, and the signature is "90% gold and 80% money will be made within two months after Xuande's three-year silver drive", which shows that Xuande's three-year silver drive system is a typical official gold ware in the early Ming Dynasty.

Hairpin refers to a kind of jewelry used to fix and decorate hair. There is such an explanation in Ci Hai: hairpin, a long needle used by the ancients to fix the bun or connect the crown hair, later specifically refers to the jewelry for women to insert the bun. "Historical records. "The Biography of Funny Stories" said: "There was a fall before, and then there was a hairpin." And "I stroke my white hair. It has grown too thin, and it can no longer hold hairpins. The ethnic minorities in China have the traditional custom of fixing their hair with hairpins. Their hairpins are various, with a long history, rich national characteristics and rich cultural connotations. The Tang, Song and later generations were a thrilling and prosperous time. Many women in Dunhuang frescoes in the Tang Dynasty are covered with flowers and needles. There are also many images of women with hairpins in Tang Dynasty paintings. "History of Song Dynasty" records: "Song Yuanjia married a folk woman in six years, with flowers on her head and combs on her head." According to Lu You's Shu Guo Ji in Song Dynasty, the headdress of women in Southwest China at that time was "six silver hairpin, another big ivory comb, as big as a hand". Hairpins In ancient times, men's and women's hairstyles were mainly tied in a bun. After the bun is tied, we must find a way to fix it. The most commonly used bun is a hairpin. In ancient times, hairpin was called "hairpin". When it is popular for men to wear crowns, hair clips also have the function of fixing the crowns to avoid slipping. Hairpins inserted by ancient women are often unearthed in archaeological excavations. For example, in the autumn of 1978, a human bone was unearthed from the Neolithic tomb in Xiangfen, Shanxi. At the top of the human bone, a bone was inserted. In the feudal era of China, women's marriage was a sign of growing up. At that time, there were ceremonies and "rites". Gifts originated in the Zhou Dynasty.

In the book "Yili", a woman is regarded as an adult when she reaches the age of 15. Before that, most of their hair styles were made into a bun and did not need to be inserted. By the age of 15, if you are married, you can comb it into an adult bun and then use a hairpin. In ancient times, women were called "women's adulthood", which is what it means. As for women who are not allowed to get married or under the age of 15, they still keep their original hairstyles, and the difference between them is very significant. After the ceremony, a woman should not only learn to look like an adult woman, but also tie a colorful tassel on her bun to show that she is tied. From then on, everything she says and does must be strictly observed. Under normal circumstances, she must live in a boudoir, away from the outside world. It was not until the wedding day that her husband could untie this tassel thread, because she has become a woman and no longer needs this sign. Any woman who has held a funeral, whether married or not, can enjoy the treatment of adults, and even the funeral after death can be handled according to the regulations of adults.

In the headdress of ancient women, there is also an ornament called "hairpin". Hairpins and hairpins are used to insert hair, but their structures are different: hairpins are generally made into one strand, while hairpins are made into two strands; In addition, there are some differences in use. Hairpins became popular in the late Western Han Dynasty. Since then, they have been one of the main headdresses for women in China. Today, hairpins still occupy a place in women's toiletries, such as hairpins, which evolved from hairpins.

In addition to the difference in material and length, the main feature of hairpin is the different decoration on the head. If the shape of a dragon is carved on the head of the hairpin, it is called "wearing a dragon hairpin". There is a record of "Pan Long firewood, made by his wife" in Cui Jinbao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times; Decorating Luan birds on the hairpin head is also advocated by women in past dynasties. Especially in wedding jewelry, it is more common, because the phoenix bird has always been regarded as an auspicious bird among the people. Hairpins decorated with Luan birds are called "Luan Hairpins".

There are also many ways to insert hairpins, some are horizontal, some are vertical, some are oblique and some are inverted. The number of inserts is inconsistent. You can insert two, one on the left and one on the right. You can also insert a few pieces to see the needs of steamed buns. You can insert up to six pieces on each side of the temple, making a total of twelve pieces.

If the hairpin is decorated with movable flower branches, and ornaments such as beads and jade are hung on the flower branches, it will become another kind of jewelry, which is called "walking", because if this kind of jewelry is inserted, the beads and jade on the hairpin will naturally swing with the vibration of the steps. Interpretation of name and jewelry: "Step by step, beads are hung on your head, but step by step, you shake them." That's the truth.

In ancient times, hair took many forms, such as bone, stone, pottery, clam, Jing, bamboo, wood, jade, copper, gold, ivory, horn, tortoise shell and so on.

The styles of hairpins are very rich, and the main changes are mostly concentrated in the head of hairpins. It has a variety of shapes, and also likes to use flowers, birds, fish, insects, birds and animals as the first shape of the hairpin. Common flower varieties include plum blossom, lotus flower, chrysanthemum flower, peach blossom, peony flower and hibiscus flower. The names of the pins in Tianshui Iceberg Record in Ming Dynasty are "Golden Peach Blossom Top Pin", "Golden Plum Blossom Top Pin", "Jin Juhua Top Pin", "Golden Gemstone Top Pin", "Golden Box Inverted Lotus Pin" and "Golden Box Cat Eye Top Pin". Among them, Fengchai has the most and the most exquisite production.

In modern times, with the change of people's hair styles, hairpin lost many inherent meanings in the Han nationality and gradually declined. But it is still very popular among ethnic minorities, and many ethnic minority women still keep the habit of thick hair when dressing up. For example, the "big flat" silver hairpin often inserted by Manchu women has a flat and long shape, a well-defined face and patterns. Married women are inserted between the bun, which not only fixes the hair, but also plays the role of beauty decoration. Miao women tie their long hair in a bun at the top, and there are 7 or 8 silver hair clips inserted between the hairs at the top of the hair roots. Li Bride's head is decorated with 10 silver hairpin, which looks simple and elegant, beautiful and generous. It is not difficult to see from the characteristics of materials, shapes, styles and techniques of today's hairpins of various nationalities that the hairpins of various nationalities in China have inherited and developed the hairpins of various nationalities in history, and have incorporated strong regional and national characteristics. In addition to fixing hair and beautifying, many ethnic groups regard it as a symbol of masculinity, and some ethnic groups also put it on their hair as amulets to pray for the protection of the gods. In some areas, hair clips are still the first choice for young men and women of ethnic minorities. Zhuang and Yao people in Donglan, Guangxi have the custom of beating bronze drums to pray for the New Year. Every Spring Festival, unmarried women often beat the bronze drums with braids and give the silver hairpin as a token of love to the people present. This is the most precious gift between men and women. After marriage, the husband should return the silver hairpin to his wife, put it on her head again, and pray for happiness and grow old together.