"On August 15th (Tang) Du Fu
The full moon flies in the mirror and returns to the heart to fold the sword.
Turn the tent and travel far, climb the laurel and ascend to heaven.
The waterway is suspected of frost and snow, and the forest is covered with feathers.
At this time, I look forward to the white rabbit, and I want to count the autumnal equinox.
Playing with the Moon on August 15th (Tang) Liu Yuxi
Tonight the sky will wash the world again.
Go to Qiu Lai in summer.
The stars are shining and the breeze is bright.
What can change the human world is Yujing in You Ran.
Mid-Autumn Festival (Tang) Lipu
When the mirror rises in the sky, the clouds are silent;
A full round, accompanied by Wan Liyun;
The sly rabbit falls the string, and the demon frog rests in front of him;
Lingcha plans to go hand in hand until the Milky Way is completely clear.
Appreciating the Moon in Mid-Autumn Festival (Song) Su Shi
The twilight clouds are cold, and the silver-haired people silently turn to the tracts.
If you don't meet a good night in this life, where will you see the bright moon next year?
● Tai Changyin (Song) Xin Qiji
A round of autumn shadows turned to golden waves, and the flying mirror was re-ground. Ask Heng E about wine: What should I do if I am cheated by white hair!
Take the wind, go up to Wan Li and look down at the mountains and rivers. Go dancing in Guangxi. Human nature is clearer.
● Taiwanese folk song: "Random Thoughts on Mid-Autumn Festival Travel"
Look at the geese in a lonely shadow, and miss the mink in a thousand miles; The autumn in my hometown recalls the bright moon, and the night terrors in foreign countries.
My hand hasn't climbed over osmanthus, so it's still a banana; Climbing stairs is a sad tribute, looking at the sea and sky in the west.
● Taiwanese folk song: "Homesickness on a Moonlit Night"
The stars are thin and the moon is cold, and the milky way is quiet;
Where is Wan Li's Shanjia? I have a lot of worries when I come at night.
Customs and habits of Mid-Autumn Festival
August 13 to 15 is the Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as August Festival. The market is booming, and mud rabbit stalls are everywhere. At the full moon in May, a moonlight horse is set in the courtyard, which provides fruits, moon cakes, edamame branches, cockscomb flowers, radishes, lotus roots, watermelons and other products. Men don't worship unless the moon offers it. As the saying goes, "Men don't Yue Bai, women don't sacrifice stoves". At the end of each month, families will sit together in groups of three and five to drink and enjoy the moon. This is the so-called "Reunion Festival". Also, the moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival are divided into blocks according to the number of people, which are called "reunion cakes".
According to custom, there were gifts for Mid-Autumn Festival in the past. "Mid-Autumn Festival, everyone gives gifts to each other ..., rewards slaves with money, and stores post them, so every festival". Gifts are booming now. Get two cars before the festival, full of moon cakes and fruits, and deliver them to your door. Of course, home and residents here refer to business customers. Giving gifts is naturally to contact feelings and settle business. When you did it two years ago, you should also think about it. It was a male prostitute. I'm afraid this trend will be even stronger this year.
● Beijing
Traditional moon cakes in old Beijing include natural red invitation, natural white invitation and moon cakes with stuffing. Syrup moon cake refers to a method of making moon cake skin. It is said that the popular point of "extracting syrup" is to boil the syrup out and add a certain proportion of big oil to the skin to make it crisp. Muslims change big oil into butter when they buy it. This kind of moon cake is characterized by crispy skin and fragrant stuffing, which "old Beijing" likes to eat during the Mid-Autumn Festival. In terms of dishes, crabs are delicious in August and autumn, and Mid-Autumn Festival is the time to taste crabs, especially in Beijing.
● Fujian
Fujian people have the custom of eating ducks in the Mid-Autumn Festival, so it is the fattest season for ducks. Fujian people cook betel nut taro with ducks, which is rich in Fujian, and it is called betel nut taro roast duck. It tastes very good.
● Shandong
Jimo and other places eat a kind of holiday food called "Wheat Arrow" on Mid-Autumn Festival.
● Shanxi
Lu 'an people will entertain their son-in-law in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Datong county moon cakes, called reunion cakes, are two or three feet big and have the custom of vigil on Mid-Autumn Night.
● Shaanxi
On the Mid-Autumn Festival night in Xixiang County, men go boating and climb cliffs, and women also arrange banquets. People, rich or poor, must eat watermelons, which must be cut into lotus shapes.
● Shanghai
Shanghainese Mid-Autumn Festival Banquet with Sweet-scented osmanthus honey wine.
● Jiangsu
Nanjing people love to eat moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival, so they must eat osmanthus duck, a famous Jinling dish. "Sweet-scented osmanthus duck" should be listed in Gui Xiang. It is fat but not greasy and delicious. After drinking, you must eat a small piece of sugar taro and pour cinnamon pulp on it. Beauty speaks for itself. "Guijiang" was named after Qu Yuan's "Helping the North to close its doors and drink Guijiang" in Chu Ci Shao Si Ming. Cinnamon pulp is a kind of sweet-scented osmanthus, which is picked around the Mid-Autumn Festival and pickled with sugar and sour plum. Jiangnan women are handy, turning the chanting in poetry into delicacies on the table. People in Nanjing enjoy the moon with their families, which is called "celebrating reunion", the group sitting and drinking is called "full moon", and the market trip is called "walking on the moon".
● Zhejiang
Stewed bass with water shield in Hangzhou became a dish at Mid-Autumn Festival family banquet, not only because the water shield was delicious at this time, but also because of the historical fact that Hans Zhang abandoned his official position and returned to his hometown in Jin Dynasty with the help of homesickness. This story has not only become a beautiful talk for generations, but also made water shield a symbol of homesickness.
Water shield is a family banquet for Mid-Autumn Festival, and it is also a seasonal soup in August. Water shield, also known as horseshoe and watercress, is an aquatic perennial leafy herb. The roots, stems and leaves of water shield are not only green and delicious, but also nutritious. Water shield can be picked in spring and autumn, but it is best to pick more water shield in autumn.
● Sichuan
Besides eating moon cakes, Sichuanese also kill ducks, eat sesame cakes, honey cakes and so on in the Mid-Autumn Festival.
In western Sichuan, smoked duck is a must for Mid-Autumn Festival, because the raw ducks at that time have grown up and are fat and thin. The master selects the ducklings born in that year, butchers them, removes their feathers, opens their chests, washes them, removes the wing tips and duck feet, marinates them with salt for one night, scalds them with boiling water until their skins are tight, takes them out, puts them in a smoking stove, smokes them with straw until they are brown, takes them out of the oven, marinates them in a pot, and changes the knife into a dish when eating, thus obtaining the smoked duck with golden color, tender meat and strong smoke smell. The preparation of brine is an important link in making smoked duck. Old bittern should be used for bittern, and timely spices, salt and sugar should be added for each bittern. When marinating, the ducks should be fully pressed into the brine with heavy objects, and the marinating time is generally about 20 minutes. If the time is too long, the duck meat will get old, which will affect the quality and taste.
● Guangdong
There are many kinds of Mid-Autumn Festival delicacies in Chaoshan, which are closely related to the cultural connotation, tidal climate and agricultural production. It can be mainly divided into three categories: first, cakes, moon cakes from all over Chaoshan, sweet, salty, meat, assorted and multi-flavored. There are also cakes, soft cakes and cloud cakes, all of which are Mid-Autumn Festival cakes. It is good for hipsters to send relatives. It can be said that it is a custom for hipsters to send moon cakes to relatives. Second, the Mid-Autumn Festival in the intertidal zone, when the sky is crisp and the fruit is ripe, grapefruit, persimmon, carambola, pineapple, pomegranate, olive and banana are another kind of food for Mid-Autumn hipsters. Thirdly, the agricultural taro and pumpkin used by hipsters to make taro paste and melon pulp are also deeply loved by hipsters. Among them, Mid-Autumn Moon Cake is an annual traditional food for hipsters. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, there is not a Chaoshan person who doesn't taste moon cakes. Although moon cakes can have various shapes and Chaoshan areas have their own characteristics, they all have a common feature, that is, they are required to be round. Taro, Ciba, etc. It is also necessary for hipsters in the Mid-Autumn Festival.
● Guizhou
Guizhou-style moon cakes are different from Cantonese-style moon cakes. They are water-oil skins made of 500 grams of flour, pig fat, syrup and water. Mix 250 grams of flour with lard and knead it into a "dry cake". After the ingredients are mixed separately, the dry pastry is wrapped with oil skin, and the pastry is made into 40 grams of pastry blanks, and then each pastry is pressed into a round cake skin for later use. Bake sesame seeds, melon seeds and walnuts, chop into fine particles, mix, add cooked ham powder, jujube, mashed melon, cooked flour, crystal sugar and salt, and mix well to form stuffing. Wrap a proper amount of stuffing in the crust, press it into an oblate shape, face down, put it into an oiled baking pan, and bake it in an oven with top fire of 2 10℃ and bottom fire of 0 180℃ for 15~20 minutes until the surface is golden and the inside is mature. Golden color, crisp shell and distinct layers; The stuffing is sweet and salty, sweet and refreshing, and rich in nutrition. The master said that the pastry layer should be thin and even, and a piece of white oil paper should be placed on the baking tray when the moon cake blank is put into the baking tray.
● Taiwan Province Province
Kaohsiung county has a strong atmosphere of raising water ducks. Before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival, it is the most tender time for water ducks. Hakkas in Meinong area often slaughter water ducks and add vegetables during the Mid-Autumn Festival, which has become a major feature of the local Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition to eating moon cakes, the Mid-Autumn Festival in Yilan will also eat a kind of food called "vegetable cakes". Vegetable cakes are made of flour and baked with brown sugar in the middle. In Tainan, the Mid-Autumn Festival has the custom of eating potatoes.
In recent years, the Mid-Autumn Festival in Taiwan Province Province has developed a new activity-barbecue.
In addition, a food company in Taiwan Province Province introduced a new concept of Mid-Autumn Snow Moon Cake according to the different demands of consumption level and the lingering summer heat during the Mid-Autumn Festival. What is snow moon cake? Ice cream moon cakes are ice cream moon cakes, which are cool and smooth in taste. There are three kinds of fillings-champagne sweetheart, Hawaiian party and Viennese coffee. This moon cake is also beautifully packaged in full Japanese style, and the Baolilong packaging box with thermal insulation function ensures that the ice cream will not melt in a certain period of time.
Mid-autumn festival legend
According to the China calendar, the eighth month of the lunar calendar is in the middle of autumn, which is the second month of autumn, and it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival", while the fifteenth day of August is in the middle of it, so it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". Mid-Autumn Festival has many nicknames: it is called "August Festival" and "August and a half" because it falls on August 15th; Because the main activities of the Mid-Autumn Festival are all around the moon, it is also commonly known as the "Moon Festival" and "Moon Festival". The full moon in Mid-Autumn Festival symbolizes reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival". In the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also called "correcting the moon". The record of "Reunion Festival" was first seen in the Ming Dynasty. "Journey to the West Lake" says: "August 15th is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and people send moon cakes to show their reunion". "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" also said: "On August 15th, the moon was sacrificed, the cakes were round, the melons were wrongly divided, and the petals were carved with lotus flowers. ..... Those who get married and stay at home will return to their in-laws in the future. This is the so-called reunion festival. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, there is a custom of "reunion" in most parts of our country, that is, flipping a small cake symbolizing reunion, which is similar to a moon cake. The cake contains sugar, sesame, sweet-scented osmanthus and vegetables, and the moon, sweet-scented osmanthus tree and rabbit are pressed outside. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the elders at home will divide the cake into pieces according to the number of people, and each person will have one. If someone is not at home, leave one for them to show family reunion.
● One of the Mid-Autumn Festival legends-the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon
According to legend, in ancient times, there were ten days in the sky at the same time, the crops died in the sun and the people were poor. A hero named Hou Yi has infinite power. He sympathized with the suffering people, climbed to the top of Kunlun Mountain, made full use of his divine power, drew his bow, shot down more than nine suns in one breath, and ordered the last one to rise and fall on time for the benefit of the people.
One day, Hou Yi went to Kunlun Mountain to visit friends and seek truth. He happened to meet the Queen Mother passing by and asked her for a bag of elixir. It is said that taking this medicine can immediately ascend to heaven. However, Hou Yi was reluctant to leave his wife, so he had to temporarily give the elixir to Chang 'e. Chang 'e hid the medicine in the dresser's treasure chest, but the villain Meng Peng saw it. He wants to steal the elixir to make himself immortal.
Three days later, Hou Yi led his entourage out hunting, while Meng Peng with ulterior motives pretended to be ill. Shortly after Hou Yi led the crowd to leave, Meng Peng broke into the backyard of the back room with a sword in his hand, threatening Chang 'e to hand over the elixir. Chang 'e knew that she was no match for Meng Peng. In times of crisis, she made a decisive decision, turned around and opened the treasure chest, took out the elixir and swallowed it in one gulp. Chang 'e swallowed the medicine and immediately floated off the ground, rushed out of the window and flew into the sky. Because Chang 'e was worried about her husband, she flew to the nearest moon and became a fairy.
In the evening, when Hou Yi came home, the maids cried and told what happened during the day. Hou Yi was surprised and angry, and drew his sword to kill the villain. Meng Peng escaped early. Angry and heartbroken, Hou Yi looked up at the night sky and shouted the name of his beloved wife. At this time, he was surprised to find that today's moon is exceptionally bright and bright. There is a swaying figure resembling Chang 'e. He chased the moon desperately, but he chased it three times, the moon retreated three times, he retreated three times, and the moon advanced three times. He couldn't catch up anyway.
Hou Yi had no choice but to miss his wife, so he had to send someone to Chang 'e's favorite back garden, put on a table sweetmeats, put on her favorite honey and fresh fruit, and offer a sacrifice to Chang 'e who was attached to him at the Moon Palace. After hearing the news that the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon became an immortal, people set up an incense table under the moon and prayed for good luck and peace to the kind Chang 'e. Since then, the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival in Yue Bai has spread among the people.
WU GANG, the second legend of Mid-Autumn Festival, won the laurel.
There is also a legend about the Mid-Autumn Festival: It is said that osmanthus trees in front of Guanghan Palace on the moon are flourishing, reaching more than 500 feet. There is a man who often cuts down, but every time he finishes cutting, the cut place closes immediately. For thousands of years, this laurel tree can never be cut down. It is said that this tree-chopping man named WU GANG, a native of Xihe in Han Dynasty, once went to heaven with the immortal, but when he made a mistake, the immortal banished him to the Moon Palace and did this kind of hard work in vain every day as a punishment. In Li Bai's poems, there is a record that "if you want to be in the middle of the month, you will pay for the cold."
Legend of Mid-Autumn Festival III-Zhu Yuanzhang and Moon Cake Uprising
It is said that eating moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the broad masses of the people in the Central Plains could not bear the cruel rule of the ruling class in the Yuan Dynasty and rose up against the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang joined forces with various resistance forces to prepare for the uprising. However, the officers and men of the imperial court searched very closely and it was very difficult to pass on the news. Liu Bowen, a military strategist, came up with a plan and ordered his men to hide a note with the words "Uprising on the 15th of August" in the cake, and then sent people to the uprising troops in different places to inform them to respond to the uprising on the 15th of August. On the day of the uprising, all the rebels responded together, such as a single spark can start a prairie fire. Soon, Xu Da captured the Yuan Dynasty and the uprising was successful. When the news came, Zhu Yuanzhang was so happy that he quickly sent a message that all the soldiers should have fun with the people in the upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival and give the "moon cakes" secretly sent at the time of the war as seasonal cakes to the ministers. Since then, the production of "moon cakes" has become more and more elaborate, and there are more and more varieties, such as dishes, which have become good gifts.
● The fourth legend of Mid-Autumn Festival-the ugly girl without salt
According to legend, the ugly women in ancient Qi had no salt. When she was young, she was very devout to Yue Bai. When she grew up, she entered the palace with superior moral character, but she was not loved. Seeing the moon on August 15th, the son of heaven saw her in the moonlight and thought she was beautiful and outstanding. Later, he made her queen, and Yue Bai came from the Mid-Autumn Festival. In the middle of the moon, Chang 'e is famous for its beauty, so Yue Bai, a young girl, wants to be "like Chang 'e and have a bright moon".