During the four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, there were thirteen kings of Chu and five kings of Pengcheng in Xuzhou, and there should be eighteen tombs. In fact, it's not only that. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, a Xiapi kingdom was enfeoffed in the present administrative area of Xuzhou, and four Xiapi kings were successively handed over. The tombs of these kings are gorgeous like underground palaces, and the treasures that the kings liked before their death and the savings of the state treasury are all in the graves. The tombs of han group in Xuzhou constitute one of the "three wonders" of Xuzhou's Han culture.
Eighteen Han tombs in Xuzhou have been excavated, including the second generation Chu tombs in Beidongshan, the third generation Chu tombs in Lion Mountain, the fourth (fifth) generation Chu tombs in Tolanshan, the sixth generation Chu tombs in Guishan, the eighth generation Chu tombs in Dongdongshan and the Pengcheng tomb in Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty. The most representative Chu tombs in Xuzhou in the Western Han Dynasty are those in Beidongshan, Guishan and Shizishan. Take "fine", "strange" and "heroic" as the guide. Known as one of the three wonders of Xuzhou culture, the Lion Mountain Terracotta Warriors and Horses are not only numerous, but also varied, showing rich contents: more than ten kinds of official figures with sleeves, guards wearing weapons, braided figures with long instruments, pedal combat boots, military figures with crossbows and bows, etc. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lion Mountain are not only the artistic treasures of the Han Dynasty, but also the historical testimony of Xuzhou as a military center. It is of great value not only to the study of sculpture art in Han Dynasty, but also to the study of social life, funeral system and military system in Han Dynasty.
Cliff-cave tombs were popular in Xuzhou during the Western Han Dynasty, but in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the shape of tombs changed and stone tombs prevailed in the Han Dynasty. Han Dynasty stone reliefs are murals carved by Han people in graves and auditoriums. Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty occupy an important position in the art history of China. Xuzhou is one of the concentrated distribution places of Han Dynasty stone reliefs in China. At present, there are more than 700 Han Dynasty stone reliefs unearthed in Xuzhou, and there are more than 500 Han Dynasty stone reliefs in Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum. Han Xu Stone Relief, Suzhou Garden and Nanjing Six Dynasties Mausoleum are also called "Three Treasures of Jiangsu Cultural Relics". Besides Han tombs, Han figurines and Han paintings, the cultural relics of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou are also unique and eye-catching in China Han culture. More than 220 pieces of colored sculptures were unearthed from the Chu tomb in Beidongshan; Armor, jade coffin and jade leopard unearthed from the Chu tomb in Lion Mountain; Crystal belt fish unearthed from the tomb of Chu king in Xiaoguishan, Liu's silver note, and silver jade clothes unearthed from the tomb of Han dynasty in volcano; Gold-plated animal-shaped inkstone unearthed from the Han tomb in Tu Shan; Precious cultural relics such as bronze bull lanterns unearthed from the Han tomb in Liulou, Suining are all national treasures.
There are many historical sites in the cultural landscape of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou, such as the circus stage, the Sishui Pavilion, the Bawang Building, the Gefengtai, the sword-drawing spring, the ovary temple and the tomb. Every scenic spot has a touching historical story, which reminds people of the smoke and clouds of the Chu-Han war. The autumn wind on the high platform of the circus shows you the overlord glory of Chu overlord Xiang Yu, who "pulls out the mountain and breathes the world"; The ancient monument of the Great Wind Song on Gefengtai allows you to appreciate the eternal swan song "The wind blows and clouds fly" by Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. The morning bell and dusk drum in the Zifang Temple will remind you of the legend of "Sean playing the flute to disperse Chu soldiers". All these add a bit of mystery to the Chinese culture in Xuzhou. A historian said at the seminar on China's famous historical and cultural cities: "A city like Xuzhou is unique among the famous historical cities in China. It has gathered such rich Chinese cultural content."
"Looking at Xuzhou from the Han culture" is worthy of the name.