Some car companies are also like this and are often misunderstood. For example, Rolls-Royce couldn't stand it any more recently, so it specially issued a document in official website to clarify: We are a car company, and we don't produce aircraft engines! Are you stupid? Isn't RR always marked on the plane engine? I cann't believe I didn't recognize it
Some friends of this brand should know that there are two "Rolls Royce" in the world, a car company Rolls Royce? Cars, an aviation and defense company, Rolls-Royce? Plc. Originally, they were really a family, but they separated in the 1970s with the same name. In China, car companies are translated as Rolls Royce, while aviation and defense companies are called Rolls Royce, but the English names have not changed, so foreigners are still confused.
The recent epidemic has dealt a great blow to the aviation industry, and Rolls-Royce has laid off 9,000 people. Many people who don't know the truth think that something happened to the Rolls-Royce, and there are less than 9,000 people in the factory! This ruling is closing? Some domestic media don't know whether it is intentional or unintentional, and the title also reads "Rolls-Royce layoffs".
So, on June 1 1, Rolls-Royce Motor Cars released a message in official website, explaining in a respectful and euphemistic tone that our company only produces cars, and there are more than 2,000 people in its headquarters, which is different from Rolls-Royce, which produces aero engines! Later, to be on the safe side, China media also sent emails one by one.
After more than 40 years of separation, it is inevitable to be misunderstood. After all, the name is the same, the trademark is almost only different in background color, and it was indeed the same company at the beginning. Today, we will focus on their affairs in aviation.
Rolls Royce was founded by Henry? Royce and Charles? Rolls-Royce, to avoid the entanglement between Rolls-Royce and Rolls-Royce, let's use English.
Royce is a mechanical engineer from a poor background. 1904 He built his first car. In the same year, he met the car dealer Rolls-Royce, and they hit it off and founded Rolls-Royce on 1906.
In the first few years, this company was only a pure luxury car manufacturer, and silver was born in 1906. Ghost was known as the best car in the world at that time.
The bifurcation of the technology tree appears in 19 14. When World War I broke out, Britain was in urgent need of airplanes. In response to the national call, rolls royce launched the first aero-engine "Eagle" in 19 15. This is a V 12 gasoline engine with a displacement of 20.3 liters, which adopted the very advanced layout of single overhead camshaft at that time. The maximum power of early models is 225 HP (168 kW)/1800rpm, which is not easy to achieve. Ghost's engine is only 7.428 liters V6 with 58 horsepower. Eagle production continued until 1925.
By World War II, RR's most famous engine was Merlin Merlin. In fact, according to the tradition of bird naming, it should be translated into "grey-backed falcon" This is a V 12 engine with a displacement of 27 liters, which was a small displacement in World War II. The power of early models was nearly 1000 horsepower. In the later stage, it can be squeezed to 2000 horsepower with two-stage supercharger and advanced fuel.
Merlin was equipped on Hurricane and Spitfire fighters, and Allison V- 1650 authorized by the United States made the famous P-5 1 Mustang, so this kind of engine can be said to have made great contributions to winning World War II. Its total output is 6.5438+0.5 million units, plus 0.2 million units of1* * produced in the United States.
Interestingly, Rolls-Royce's 6.75-liter displacement is exactly a quarter of that of the Grizzly Falcon engine. I don't know if this is a simple coincidence.
In the early period of World War II, RR also developed a larger Griffin vulture engine. However, due to the urgency of the war, its development was delayed, so it concentrated on putting Merlin into production first. At 1943, the company finally found time to promote Griffin, a 37-liter V 12 engine with a power of more than 2,200 HP.
With Griffon's spitfire fighter, the power is greatly increased, and the high-altitude performance is improved, but the control character has also become so violent that not all pilots can accept it, but they think that the smooth Merlin engine has more soul. Griffin's output can't be compared with Merlin's, only more than 8,000 sets have been built.
Jet engines appeared in the late World War II, and Nazi Germany was equipped with the world's first practical jet fighter Me262. Britain is actually the birthplace of jet engines, and the pace of research and development is also very tight. 1943, RR built the Welland Whelan engine and an improved version of derwent derwent, which was equipped on the first allied jet fighter "Meteor".
After the development of the previous sections, the RR of 1944 was successfully developed. This is a legendary engine. As the power blueprint of many early fighters, it was not only copied by the United States, but also sold to the Soviet Union by the British government.
After the end of World War II, the British wartime cabinet was dissolved and a new round of government elections began. Churchill thought it was a shoo-in, but he was defeated in the election, and the left-wing Labour Party was elected as the ruling party. In order to improve international relations, the Labor government agreed to sell the most advanced Nene engine to the Soviet Union. Of course, the Russians are very skilled. I only bought dozens of sets, and then I opened a cottage myself, which made Britain croak. Nene became the power of MIG-15 fighter after successful imitation. During the Korean War, it was estimated that American pilots, while fighting MIG-15, cursed the British for having shit in their heads. Of course, there are many wonderful things in the Labour government, which are nothing.
RR has well grasped the transition from piston engine to jet engine in aviation field and developed into a world aviation engine giant. Conway successfully developed the world's first turbofan engine in 1950s, which was equipped on Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8. Since then, Conway has entered the civil aviation market on a large scale and competed with American competitors.
Then the famous Spey engine appeared in the early 1960s. The engine is divided into military version and civilian version, which is widely used. The military version has produced nearly 3000 sets, and the civilian version has more than 5000 sets. The civilian version is installed on the familiar Trident plane.
1975, China imported the military version of Spey Mk.202, and purchased the patent contract and production drawings. So this engine has a great influence on the aviation industry in China. Domestic JH-7 used this engine and later domestic models.
In the middle and late 60 years, RR developed RB2 1 1, which is a three-rotor engine. The advantage is that the fan, low-pressure compressor and high-pressure compressor can all work at the best speed, so the efficiency is better.
RB2 1 1 was successfully developed in the early 1970s, but the R&D process cost RR too much money, which led the company to fall into crisis and was eventually nationalized. 1973 Rolls-Royce is officially divided into Rolls-Royce that makes cars and Rolls-Royce that makes aircraft engines.
After the separation, Rolls-Royce developed well and continued to occupy half of the civil aviation engine market. At present, the latest Trent series inherits the triple-rotor design of RB2 1 1 and becomes the power of many wide-body passenger aircraft.
Although Britain has been in the military field, Rolls-Royce's engine technology is OK. Now they produce lift fans for F-35 fighters.
So back to the question at the beginning of the article, the aviation industry was hit hard by the epidemic. Rolls-Royce laid off 9,000 people, which is not a company at all. But after talking about this aviation history, do you want to buy a Rolls Royce more ... or the threshold for cars is lower! (text/map? Car home? Luo Hao)