Gaoshan people mainly live in Taiwan Province Province, China, with a few scattered in coastal areas such as Fujian and Zhejiang in Chinese mainland.

Gaoshan nationality has its own language, belonging to Indonesian language family in Austronesian language family, which can be roughly divided into three language families: Qinhuai, Cao and paiwan. No mandarin. Chinese is widely used by Gaoshan people scattered in Chinese mainland. The Gaoshan compatriots living in Taiwan Province Province have their own unique culture and art, and their oral literature is rich, including myths, legends and folk songs. Gaoshan people mainly rely on rice farming, supplemented by fishing and hunting production. The handicrafts of Gaoshan nationality mainly include textile, bamboo weaving, rattan weaving, wood carving, carving, bamboo carving, pottery making and so on.

Gaoshan people are good at singing and dancing, regardless of work, love, wedding banquets, festivals and sacrifices. There are songs and dances to express feelings. Due to the numerous branches of Gaoshan nationality, the styles of music, song and dance are also rich and colorful. The dance of Gaoshan nationality has the characteristics of collectivity, and all major activities are warm scenes of collective singing and dancing.

The common musical instruments of Gaoshan nationality are Qin, bow (square piano), flute, yeqin (leaf), pestle, hip board, bamboo drum (drum chop), waist bell, foot bell, harpsichord and nose flute, which are often used by young men and women to call for lovers and convey love.

History of Gaoshan nationality

Its ancestors can be traced back to the "people in the town" in the Paleolithic period 20,000-30,000 years ago. There are different opinions about the origin of the Gaoshan nationality, but the unanimous view is that the Guyue nationality, which mainly comes from the coastal areas of the mainland, developed with the integration of residents from Ryukyu Islands and Philippine Islands. Up to now, the Gaoshan people still retain some of their own characteristics, such as the custom of making noodles, cutting teeth and piercing ears. Gaoshan people are mainly engaged in agriculture, forestry and hunting, among which Yami people are mainly engaged in fisheries. Under the rule of Taiwan Province provincial authorities, the Gaoshan ethnic group is called "Mountain Cell (divided into Pingshan Cell and Gaoshan Cell)". Some mountain people have entered the city, and their life and culture have undergone tremendous changes.

Alpine music

Gaoshan people are descendants of the earliest residents in Taiwan Province Province, China. They are mainly distributed in the mountainous areas and the eastern coast of Taiwan Province Province, and the rest are distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, Fujian and other places. They have their own language, but no writing. Gaoshan people belong to Indonesian language family of South Asian language family and worship their ancestors.

Song and dance festivals of Gaoshan people are mostly held during festivals or sacrifices. The famous traditional folk dance "Badminton Dance" simulates rice beating and floats to Sun Moon Lake with sonorous rhythm and sweet singing.

Alpine etiquette

Gaoshan people celebrate festivals.

Gaoshan people are uninhibited and like to hold banquets, songs and dances on festivals or festive days. Every festival, pigs and old cows should be slaughtered, and a banquet should be given to give wine. The most representative food of Gaoshan banquet is cakes and cakes made of various glutinous rice. It can be used not only as a holiday snack, but also as a sacrifice. And cooked glutinous rice to entertain guests.

There are many sacrificial activities of Gaoshan ethnic groups, including ancestor worship, valley worship, mountain worship, hunting worship, wedding worship and harvest worship, among which the five-year sacrifice is the most grand. At that time, in addition to banquet offerings, there will be various cultural and sports activities such as "Harvest Festival". On this day, the people came to the scene with an altar of wine, dancing around the bonfire, eating and drinking, and celebrating the annual labor harvest.

Marriage custom of Gaoshan nationality

At the wedding, the millet is ground into powder, mixed with water, wrapped in fish and shrimp (the shrimp shows its tail), kneaded into balls the size of eggs, boiled in a boiling pot, and taken out to celebrate.

Gaoshanzu clothing

Gaoshan people's clothes are made of linen and cotton. Styles vary from place to place. Men wear shawls, vests, jackets, headscarves and leggings. In some areas, vests are made of rattan skin and coconut skin. Women wear sleeveless or sleeveless tops, slanted shirts, aprons, trousers or skirts. Women are good at dyeing and weaving all kinds of colorful linen, embellishing skirts, sleeves, headscarves and aprons with exquisite embroidery. There are also polished decorations such as shells and animal bones.

Gaoshanzu diet

The daily staple food is mainly rice, supplemented by potatoes and miscellaneous grains. In the production method of staple food, most Gaoshan people like to cook rice or steam glutinous rice and corn flour into cakes and cakes.

Alpine vegetables come from a wide range, most of which are planted and a small amount is collected. Common ones are pumpkin, leek, radish, cabbage, potato, beans, pepper, ginger and various wild vegetables. Gaoshan people generally love to eat ginger, and some directly use ginger dipped in salt as a dish; Some are pickled with salt and pepper.

The source of meat mainly depends on pigs, cows and chickens. Fishing and hunting are also a supplement to daily meat in many areas, especially the Gaoshan people who live in the mountains. Captured prey is almost the main source of daily meat.

Gaoshan people used to drink neither boiled water nor tea. Atayal people like to drink cold water soaked in ginger or pepper. It is said that this drink has the effect of treating abdominal pain. I used to hunt in the mountains and also had the habit of drinking animal blood. Both men and women are addicted to alcohol and generally drink their own brewed rice wine, such as millet wine, rice wine and potato wine.

Alpine architecture

Alpine custom

On celebration days, beautifully carved mugs made of wood are usually used, and the two drink side by side to show intimacy. If you have guests, you must kill the chicken and treat them. Leave the drumsticks when entertaining guests, and let them eat them on the way when they leave, which means that eating drumsticks will make you walk stronger.

Women are forbidden to use knives and axes after pregnancy, and it is forbidden to eat ape meat, bobcat meat, pangolin meat and miscellaneous fruits. A woman's loom can't be touched by a man.

Gaoshan religion

There are many sacrificial activities of Gaoshan ethnic groups, including ancestor worship, valley worship, mountain worship, hunting worship, wedding worship and harvest worship, among which the five-year sacrifice is the most grand. At that time, besides banquet offerings, there will be various cultural and sports activities.