Horses are not so delicate. They can live in many environments, such as Northern Europe, Mongolia, North Africa, India and even the Equatorial Mali Empire, where horses can be produced. Take India as an example. India is a hot country. Many people think that the hot environment is not suitable for raising horses. This is actually a cognitive misunderstanding. There is a very good Indian horse named Ma Varima. This kind of horse is elegant and strong, and it is extremely brave in combat. It is good at traveling long distances. Then take North Africa as an example. The climate in North Africa is also hot, but it can produce Bobuma. This kind of horse has fast reaction, fast running speed and super endurance. It belongs to the first-class war horse and was once used as a horse for racing.
So since India and Africa can produce horses, so can the South. Although the territory of the Northern Song Dynasty is narrow, Hequ horses can be produced in Sichuan, which is an excellent variety, and Lichuan horses in Hubei are also an excellent variety. In addition, Shandong, Henan, Huaihe River area has been the origin of horses since ancient times.
In addition, Hou Liang, which was located in Henan during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, was once invincible by war horses. Then Hefei area is also fertile ground for raising horses. The imperial Yuan Dynasty on horseback once chose to keep a horse farm here. It can be seen that in the Northern Song Dynasty, besides the Ghost Sixteen States, there were many places where horses could be kept and excellent varieties of horses could be produced.
Then why did the loss of sixteen states in the Northern Song Dynasty make people feel that Kyle was useless? I think one is that the population density is too high and there is not enough land to raise horses. Then the cost of keeping horses in captivity is too high. There are natural forage in sixteen states of Youyun, which can satisfy horses' food, but if you are in other horse farms, you need concentrated feed. According to statistics, a horse had to eat the food of six people at that time, which shows how high the cost of raising a horse is.