Pei's family is a prince, with endless crowns. More than 600 official biographies and columns; No fewer than a thousand people have their names remembered by future generations; There are more than 3000 officials above grade seven. For more than two thousand years, there are 59 prime ministers, 59 generals, 14 assistant ministers, 55 ministers, 44 assistant ministers, 1 1 constant attendants,1/suggestion, 21. He also married into the royal family many times, with three queens, four princesses and two princesses, 2 1 horse.
From the Han, Wei, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, the Pei family has made outstanding contributions in politics, economy, military affairs and diplomacy in the historical process of more than 2,000 years in China. There were no fewer than dozens of famous ministers who were active in politics during the Sui and Tang Dynasties alone. Famous politicians include Pei Xiu, Pei Kai, Pei Yun, Pei Ju, He Pei, Pei Rangzhi, Pei Zheng, Pei Ji, Zhou Pei, Pei Du and Shu Fei. Military strategists include Pei Xingjian, Pei Mao, Pei Qian, Pei Shuye, Jia Pei, Pei Jun, Pei Yan, Pei Kuan, Guo Pei, Pei Wenju, Pei Jingmin and Pei Ji. Jurists have Pei Zheng; Diplomats include Pei Ju and Pei Shiqing.
Pei Zheng was a famous prime minister and jurist in Sui Dynasty. According to Sui Shu, Pei Zheng's breaking the prison won the hearts of the people. Because he dared to speak out and make suggestions, he was famous both inside and outside the imperial court. After Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty succeeded to the throne, Pei Zheng and others were ordered to formulate the new law of the Sui Dynasty, the Law of Opening the Emperor. Pei Zheng adopted various criminal codes of Wei, Jin, Qi, Liang and other Southern and Northern Dynasties. He abolished the pre-existing torture such as beheading and flogging, and all the torture such as sticks, poison sticks, car spokes and ankles used in torture, and stipulated that if people have grievances, they can appeal to counties, States and provinces in turn, and those who still ignore them can directly appeal to the Ministry of Justice. The Law of Kai Huang is an epoch-making ancient criminal code, which is more enlightened than any laws and regulations of past dynasties in both content and form, and has laid a standard format for later legislation. Wang Fuzhi, a great thinker in the Ming Dynasty, spoke highly of this: "Today's law is roughly the land of Sui and Pei Zheng", which shows its far-reaching influence.
Pei, a minor official of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, has nine achievements. The official history didn't even give him a biography, but he was the first foreign minister to lead a friendly delegation to visit Japan on behalf of the country in Chinese history. In the third year of Sui Daye (607), Japan sent its envoy Sister Ono to visit Sui and arrived in Chang 'an in March of the following year. Entrusted by Emperor Yang Di, Pei led a delegation of Sui Dynasty 13 people to pay a return visit to Japan to meet the Emperor of Japan and present cultural relics and credentials. His credentials were preserved in the Japanese book "Japanese Secretary", which became a permanent historical witness and made outstanding contributions to the development of good-neighborly and friendly relations between China and Japan.
Pei Ju (547-627), a famous prime minister in the Three Kingdoms period, had jobs in the Zhou, Sui and Tang Dynasties. He is honest and honest, and his name is quite clear. Successive civil affairs assistant minister, civil history assistant minister, Zuo Cheng, Shangshu, Shangshu. When Yang Di was in Sui Dynasty, Pei Ju was appointed to Zhangye (now Gansu) to take charge of trade with western countries. In contact with businessmen from various countries, he obtained a lot of valuable information about politics, economy, culture, transportation and other countries in the Western Region, and compiled it into three volumes. The book not only introduces the national conditions of 44 countries in the western regions with a large number of words, but also draws many maps, marking three avenues from Dunhuang to the Mediterranean, among which Zhonglu and Nanlu are the famous "Silk Road" in history.
Pei Ji, the founding father of the Tang Dynasty, was far-sighted and obedient, helped Li Yuan to raise troops in Jinyang and established the Li Tang Dynasty.
Pei Yaoqing (68 1-743), the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, devoted himself to rectifying grain transportation, ensuring the smooth waterway of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and solving the problem of grain shortage in Tangmen for decades. This is a much-told story during the Kaiyuan period.
Pei Du, a generation of wise men, has been praised from generation to generation and is famous in history. Among the politicians in the Tang Dynasty, Pei Du's name can be compared with Wei Zhi and others in the early Tang Dynasty. He has been ambitious and upright since he was young. The greatest achievement of his life is to try his best to level the separatist forces in the buffer region again and again. Especially in the Wu Yuanji rebellion in Huaixi Fanzhen, he stood firm, turned the tide, and made outstanding achievements, which reunified the Tang Dynasty and led to the political situation of "Yuan Zhongxing". After the Huai Rebellion was pacified, Tang Xianzong named Pei Du as the national pillar and Jin Gong. Later, due to the treacherous court official's frame-up, Pei Du experienced three ups and downs, entered the phase several times and went out of the Francisco several times. Pei Du lived in the four dynasties of Li Xiangxiang, Mu Zong, Jing Zong and Wenzong. Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi. Everyone wrote poems to praise his achievements. Some of his deeds have even been compiled into legendary novels, which are widely circulated among the people.
Careful readers can easily find that there are 59 prime ministers, but how can there be 60? It turns out that Fudi Village, opposite Peibai Village, is the hometown of Zhao Ding, a famous figure in the Southern Song Dynasty. Zhao Ding recommended Yue Fei, opposed surrender, advocated resistance to gold, and finally died of hunger strike. The two villages are close at hand, almost connected into one village, so there is this saying.
In various academic fields, the outstanding achievements of the Pei family are even more brilliant, shining through the ages and countless.
Pei Xiu (224-27 1), a cartographer in the Western Jin Dynasty, summed up the experience of ancient map drawing in China and creatively formulated the principles of "six-body mapping", namely, scale (scale), quasi-sight (azimuth), tunnel (distance), competition (terrain fluctuation), evil (inclination) and circuitous (river, straight). He is known as "the father of cartography in China".