When the Qing army captured the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, it issued a haircut order. Han men always tie their hair on the top of their heads and behind their heads. Manchu men braid their hair and shave off the front. The Qing dynasty limited the Han people to shave their hair according to Manchu customs within ten days, and even proposed? Leave your head without hair, leave your hair headless. "Jiangnan is full of white terror.
In the summer of the second year of Shunzhi (A.D. 1645), the order to shave hair was spread to Jiangyin, and the people in Jiangyin first wrote to Fang Heng, the magistrate of the county, demanding to keep it, which was severely reprimanded. The petitioner denounced the former Ming Jinshi, now the magistrate of the Qing Dynasty. A few days later, Jiangyin people who didn't want to be slaves got up and the whole city went on strike. Farmers in four townships heard the news and gathered in the city to raise more than 100 thousand yuan. The scholar allowed 100 people to gather in the Confucian Temple, hung up Zhu Yuanzhang's portrait, and gave a passionate speech: the head can be broken, but the hair can't be shaved! In the afternoon, the soldiers of the State of Yue seized Fang Heng, and they * * * pushed Yan Yingyuan and Chen Yuming as leaders, and * * * made plans for guarding the city.
Yan Yingyuan asked each household to send one person to guard the city, and the rest provided tea and rice, so that people could concentrate gunpowder on the tower for a rainy day. Yan Yingyuan ordered the volunteers of each team to guard the four gates and the north gate. Soon, the Qing army lined up in the mountains and surrounded Jiangyin. Under the cover of artillery, the Qing soldiers attacked the city with ladders. As soon as the Qing soldiers climbed to the top of the city, Jiangyin soldiers and civilians stood on the top of the city and cut with broadswords and spears. From time to time, they threw stones and shot poisonous arrows at the gathering place of Qing soldiers at the gate. The Qing army never gained the upper hand. In the evening, after a hard day's fighting, the Qing soldiers slept soundly. Jiangyin soldiers and civilians tied many people with ropes, and while the Qing army was lax, they ambushed near the enemy camp. Others set fires everywhere, and the flames were blazing inside and outside the Qing army camp, ambushing everywhere. The Qing army was caught off guard and suffered heavy casualties. Since then, the Qing army did not dare to sleep at night. One night in the middle of the night, the city head was brightly lit and the drums were loud, and the Qing army lined up to meet it. But in the middle of the night, Jiangyin soldiers and civilians did not act, only to know that they had been taken in by Yan Yingyuan again. After several consecutive encounters, the Qing army became nervous. Seeing that the storm was invalid, the Qing army sent Liu Liangzuo to surrender. Yan Yingyuan sneered: There are generals who surrendered, but there is no history of surrender! Say that finish, the city immediately rockets, Liu Liangzuo fled back to the camp in shame. The Qing army mobilized 240 thousand soldiers and besieged the city for 82 days. Jiangyin City ran out of ammunition and food before its fall.
After breaking the city, he ordered the melon to turn over and get on the horse, upstairs in the east side. He was captured in the street fighting and died heroically. None of the soldiers and civilians guarding the city surrendered.
In this battle, it is said that the Qing army killed 75 thousand people. According to local legend, three generals and eighteen generals of the Qing army will be killed, and the Qing army entered the city and ordered it? The whole city was killed and then the knife was sealed. "In three days,172,000 people were killed, and only 53 people survived. Jiangyin became? Empty city "
Second, meaning.
First, highlight the big shots? The national spirit of "Confucius said benevolent, Mencius said righteous".
Our traditional Confucian ideas? "Suicide" and "Sacrifice one's life for righteousness" are the righteous acts of Jiangyin people, which make opponents admire. This is the national sense of justice and national integrity, which makes China people from generation to generation feel so inferior that they dare not forget to worry about their country and advance wave after wave to defend their country and their dignity.
B, inspired the rebellious spirit of Jiangnan officials and people in the Ming Dynasty.
Soon, Jiading rose again under the leadership of Zhu Ying. It also greatly stimulated the resistance enthusiasm of patriotic officials and people in the Nanming regime.
The dream of unifying the world in the Qing Dynasty was extremely difficult to realize. Zheng Chenggong, Zhang Huangyan, Sun Kewang and Li Laiheng all made the Qing army suffer; Gu, Huang Zongxi, Mao Bijiang and other intellectuals all took part in the anti-Qing struggle, but never became an official. Li Laiheng and his adherence to Maolushan Mountain impressed the Qing government deeply. When an honest official in Beijing was killed, he always said helplessly, "It's Maolushan again!" ! Zheng Chenggong's isolated island, Taiwan Province, was recovered in the Kangxi Dynasty many years after his death.