(1) Geographically, A is Japan, which is located at the collision and compression of the Pacific plate and the Eurasian plate, with active crust and many volcanoes and earthquakes.

(2)B is that Indian residents are mainly white.

(3) When the Yellow River flows through the loess plateau in the middle reaches, it takes away a lot of sediment, making it the largest river with sediment concentration in the world. Sediment deposition in the downstream, forming an "overground river" in the downstream, has become a major concern in China. Therefore, the fundamental of harnessing the Yellow River is to strengthen soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau, and the key is sand control in the middle reaches.

(4) According to the geographical location, D is the industrial base in the south-central part of Liaoning.

(5) The highest plateau in the world is the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is called the roof of the world.

So the answer is:

(1) Japan; ? Located in the volcanic seismic belt around the Pacific Ocean (or at the junction of the Asia-Europe plate and the Pacific plate, volcanic earthquakes are frequent);

(2) white;

(3) Sand control;

(4) Central and South Liaoning Industrial Base;

(5) the roof of the world.