Yuanbaoshan, which looks lovely, has good strength. Yuanbaoshan is located 60 kilometers north of Rongshui Miao Autonomous County in Liuzhou City, and belongs to the transition zone from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to Guangxi Basin. Yuanbaoshan, together with Jiuwan Mountain and Fenghuang Mountain, constitutes the landscape skeleton of this mountain. The stratum here is ancient and the terrain is steep. The main peak of Yuanbaoshan is 208 1 m above sea level, which is now the third peak in Guangxi. Its stratum is also the oldest land in Guangxi, so it is called "Guangxi Zushan".
This mountain is the oldest mountain in Guangxi.
Geologists call the most primitive solidified state of geological relics and geological landscapes geoecology. Geological ecology consists of strata, rocks, paleontological fossils, geological structures and paleogeographic environment that can reflect the most primitive geological relics and geological landscapes. In the long geological history, Yuanbaoshan experienced structural movements such as Xuefeng, Caledonian, Indosinian and Yanshan, and deposited the oldest strata in Guangxi, forming the first land in Guangxi.
The rock that constitutes the main peak of Yuanbaoshan Mountain is Xuefeng-Caledonian porphyry biotite granite (800-400 million years ago), surrounded by Mesoproterozoic Bosian shallow metamorphic sandstone and mudstone, mixed with pyroclastic rocks and spilite porphyry (rocks formed by volcanic eruption). It is worth mentioning that many of the oldest Komate rocks in the world have been discovered in the southwest of Yuanbaoshan-Jiuwandashan mountain system. This ultrabasic rock was formed 3.47 billion years ago, and was first discovered in Comati Valley of barberton Mountain in 1969, and named after it, also known as magnesium greenstone. It is the product of partial melting of mantle and the representative of magnesium-rich primitive magma in the early earth. The discovery of Kemate Rock in Yuanbaoshan proves the ancient history of this land.
Yuanbaoshan is located on the backbone of the "Guangxi Mountain Structure" proposed by the famous scientist Li Siguang, which was formed by the collision of the Pacific plate and the Indian Ocean plate. Mountain structure is a very important tectonic system in geomechanics of Li Siguang, and there are many such structures on the earth's surface. The reason is that various forces and compressions in all directions act on the crust, causing uneven sliding and deformation of the crust surface, which is easy to form gable structure. Generally, small-scale tectonic movements have little influence on the crust; And the scale is huge, which will affect the deep crust and even the upper mantle. The appearance of Komatiite provides a basis for Yuanbaoshan mountain ridge theory.
The Mesoproterozoic Bos Group stratum developed in Yuanbaoshan ancient land is the oldest stratum in southern China (1.67 ~ 800 million years ago), which is roughly equivalent to the Mesoproterozoic Great Wall stratum in northern China. Exposed on both sides of Jiuwan Mountain to Yuanbaoshan Mountain in northern Guangxi, it is more than 5,700 meters thick and widely distributed in the border areas of Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou. This ancient stratum is the oldest land in Guangxi, which can be described as the ancestor of land in Guangxi. The oldest mountain system formed by land can be called "Zushan", which is the origin of Yuanbaoshan, the ancestor of Wanshan in Guangxi.
Yuanbaoshan is unlucky. When the ancient land was just formed, the Neoproterozoic glacial event-the Sinian ice age 71~ 580 million years ago was ushered in. At that time, the earth was extremely cold, and almost all the oceans were frozen. The glacial rocks deposited in Yuanbaoshan reflect this period. Since the Neogene, the Xiangqian-Guigui Glacier, which was three million years ago, once again covered Yuanbaoshan, and the ice and snow drifted in Wan Li, making the southern land particularly enchanting. At this time, the main peak of Yuanbaoshan is more than 3600 meters above sea level, which is the first peak in Guangxi.
Since then, Yuanbaoshan Mountain has been eroded by glacier melting, flowing water erosion, debris flow and dynamic weathering, and the thick coverage of Quaternary glaciers and the vicissitudes of Bos Group strata have been removed, showing a magnificent glacial granite landform. Glacial landforms composed of Quaternary glacial remains are widely distributed in Yuanbaoshan and its surrounding areas, including ancient ice sheets, ice ridges, glacial overhanging valleys, glacial stone walls and glacial stone mortar. The ridges in the north, east and south of the outer edge of Yuanbaoshan Mountain are annular, and the opening to the west is ingot-shaped. This shape is formed by glaciation, which is called "funnel ice sheet" in geology. It is an important part of Quaternary ancient glaciers in Hunan, Guizhou and Guangxi.
The most authentic scenery in Guangxi.
Tourist landforms are special landforms for tourists to enjoy, and they are also the first choice for geological relics to declare the world natural heritage. There are 14 world natural heritages in China, which can be regarded as tourist landforms except Sichuan giant panda habitat, such as Yunnan Shilin, Wulong Tiankeng and Guilin with karst landforms, Wuyishan, Danxia and Longhushan with Danxia landforms, Sanqingshan and Huangshan with granite landforms, and Fan Jing with metamorphic landforms.
Hundreds of millions of years of geological movement have created the landform of Yuanbaoshan, represented by granite landform, among which the most unique landform is glacier erosion mountain landform and granite canyon landform.
The mountain landform composed of granite eroded by glaciers is distributed in the middle of Rongshui County, between Antai, Xiangfen, Huang An, Baiyun and Hongshui, with Linwu 'ao in the north, Jinlan River in the south, Jiman Village in the east, Yuanbao River in the west and Fiona Fang 390 1 hectare. It is represented by four main peaks: Baihuding (elevation 2064m), Lanping Peak (elevation 1995m), Yuanbao Peak (elevation 208 1m) and Qingyun Peak (elevation 2086m).
Yuanbaoshan granite canyon is well developed. One is Longnvgou Grand Canyon in the southwest of Qingyun Mountain, and the other is Longbao Grand Canyon in the south of Yuanbaoshan Mountain. Of course, if you don't want to climb too high a mountain and want to appreciate the granite landform, you can walk 33 kilometers from Rongshui County to see Sanyou Waterfall in Yubu Village, Xiangfen Township. Sanyou Waterfall is the lowest waterfall in granite landforms in Guangxi. In summer, you can immerse yourself in the deep pool of mineral water flowing out of the cracks in granite and enjoy the waterfall while playing in the water.
Yuanbaoshan also has metamorphic landforms, mainly distributed in Beijiang Grand Canyon. These rocks are a part of the riverbed of Beijiang River, and they are also the cornerstones of towering mountains in the valleys on both sides of Beijiang River. Beijiang River originated in 90,000 mountains and developed in Yuanbaoshan area. Because it flows behind Rongshui County, it was called Jijiang in ancient times. It is an important tributary of Liujiang River and Xijiang River, and also the mother river of Yuanbaoshan Miao people, which has an important position in the history of Guangxi Miao people.
Beijiang River, with a total length of 1.46 km, meanders between metamorphic peaks, with deep blue cliffs, lush bamboo and trees and beautiful scenery on both sides. The famous sentence "Little bamboo raft in the middle reaches of the river, walking on both sides of the towering green mountains" in the movie "Sparkling Red Star" was shot here. There are some main scenic spots along the river, such as the Hong Fei of Beijiang River, the beautiful buildings, the overlapping mountains and lakes, the birthday star welcoming guests, the general stone, the skyscraper cliff, the Wang Fu cliff, the Feiyun cliff, Shimen Gorge, Shiyuanling and the bamboo forest scenic spot.
In the spring of March, the cuckoo reflects the Red River and the raft swims leisurely. Its water quality is crystal clear. Due to the lush bamboo and wood on both banks, with the difference of river width and light intensity, it presents different colors such as dark green, sapphire blue and light green. In the upper reaches of Shimentan, Dulang River, Sanfang River and Xiangfen River rush out from three verdant canyons, just like three white dragons crashing into one place, forming the famous Sanmenmen River on the Beijiang River. Here, the sound of water is like thunder, the Bai Tao is rolling, the waves are rough and the smoke is misty, which is spectacular.
Out of Yuanbaoshan, these creatures are hard to see.
Yuanbaoshan is located in one of the three heavy rain areas in Guangxi, with an annual precipitation of 2379 ~ 28 13mm, and is known as the second water tower in Guangxi. Yuanbaoshan is an important water source protection site in Guangxi. The rivers originating here are Yuanping River, Rongping River, Luomin River, Daping River, Chenka River, Jiawang River, Gaoji River, Yuanbaoshan River, San Xiao River, Laohukou River, Pei Xiu River and Wuji River. The unique ecological environment makes Yuanbaoshan an an important biological gene bank in Guangxi.
There are more than 300 species of woody plants, 34 species of medicinal plants, 7 species of fibrous plants and 0/6 species of starch plants/kloc. Ornamental plants include Boxwood, Rhododendron, Alpine Michelia, Magnolia grandiflora and so on. There are first-class protected plants in Yuanbaoshan, such as Abies yuanbaoshanensis, Alsophila spinulosa, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus mairei, Boleshu and so on. The national second-class protected plants include Fokienia hodginsii, Liriodendron chinense, Equisetum equisetum, ornamental trees, Cynanchum japonicum and Hemlock longibracteatum; The national third-class protected plants are Tsuga australis, American ginseng, Pinus pinnatifida and purple stem. They reflect the biodiversity of Yuanbaoshan.
Abies yuanbaoshanensis is a unique tree species in China, which is only produced in Yuanbaoshan and is one of the most endangered plants in the world. With a population of less than 900, the nature reserve was first established because of Abies yuanbaoshanensis. Abies yuanbaoshanensis, a relict plant in the ancient glacial period, is a strong evidence of the existence of ancient glaciers in Yuanbaoshan, which is of great scientific research and academic value for studying the occurrence and evolution of ancient glaciers, paleoclimate and paleoflora in southern China.
Yuanbaoshan is rich in animal resources, including rare and endangered birds, white-browed partridge and fairy partridge, which attract worldwide attention. There are also national first-class protected animals such as black-necked pheasant, civet, forest musk deer and pangolin, and second-class protected animals such as macaque, bear monkey, black bear, water deer, gazelle and silver pheasant. Black-necked pheasant's crown hair is olive brown, its upper back is brownish red, its lower back and waist have black and white transverse spots, its neck side is copper blue, and its abdomen and ribs are brownish red. The female bird's body feathers are brown, with black and white stripes and white sagittal spots on her upper back. Inhabits on the slopes of open grasslands or sparse pine forests above 800 meters above sea level.
The diverse and complex ecological environment, abundant water resources and good climatic conditions in Yuanbaoshan provide a good habitat and breeding environment for amphibians. There are many kinds of amphibians here, with uniform distribution and stable population structure, which is one of the key areas for studying biodiversity in Guangxi.
Every day seems to be a holiday on the hillside.
Yuanbaoshan is a place where Miao people live in compact communities. Because it is a place where Miao people live in compact communities in the world, it is also called Damiaoshan. It is not only the ancestor of Wanshan in Guangxi, but also the ancestral mountain of Miao nationality. Rongshui County, located in Yuanbaoshan, is known as the "Hometown of Hundred Festivals".
Miao nationality, an ancient nation, originated from the "Three Miao" five thousand years ago. Due to foreign invasion and oppression, I have been living a miserable life of long-distance migration. In order to commemorate every victory against the invaders, a memorial day was formed and eventually evolved into a national holiday. There are many Miao festivals in Yuanbaoshan, such as Miao Year, Lugu Festival, Lusheng Festival, Manggui Festival, Gulongpo Festival, Xinhe Festival, and Horse Fighting Festival. Most of them are ceremonies to mourn the martyrs, remember their predecessors, inspire fighting spirit and celebrate the harvest.
In 2006, a series of Miaopo clubs under Yuanbaoshan were listed as national intangible cultural heritage. These Miao festivals are held every year from the second day to the seventeenth day of the first lunar month in a village at the foot of Yuanbaoshan, mainly including the "Hot Companion Festival" in Gunbei Township on the eleventh day, the Twelve Slope Festival in Gandong Township, the Sixteen Gulongpo Festival in Xiangfen Township and the Seventeen Manghaopo Festival in Huang 'an Township. These slope meetings are not only social gatherings of young Miao men and women, but also traditional national sports meetings and grand gatherings of national unity.
1 month 16 The Gulongpo Fair in Xiangfen Township is the oldest and largest slope fair in Yuanbaoshan. Xiangfen Township is a multi-ethnic community with Miao, Yao, Dong, Zhuang and Han nationalities. 1902, a tributary student of the former Qing Dynasty called the elders of various ethnic groups nearby to set up the Gulongpo meeting, which was held twice a year on the 16th of the first month and the 16th of August. I wish the first month a bumper harvest and celebrate in August. On these two days every year, people of all ethnic groups from four villages and eight villages in Xiangfen Township gather in Gulongpo to hold celebrations with rich national characteristics, such as Lusheng stepping on the hall, Touma, bird hunting, horse racing, lion dancing and singing folk songs.
Among them, the Lusheng Treading Hall is the most grand scene in the festival: in the Miao township deep in Yuanbaoshan, the dancing Lusheng can be seen everywhere, and melodious Lusheng music can be heard in every village. During the festival, Lusheng teams from ten villages and eight villages gathered on the slope, and tens of thousands of Lusheng sang together. The cheerful "Daheng" danced with a lusheng in his hand, while the cheerful "Dapei" tied a ribbon for Daheng and danced with them with the ribbon in his hand.
In Yuanbaoshan area, you can also see Miao architecture and handicraft skills, Miao batik skills, Miao Lusheng production skills, Miao silver jewelry forging skills, Miao brocade skills, Miao music, medicine and so on, which are valuable intangible cultural heritage created by local Miao people.