Some basic information about Qin Shihuang's mausoleum
The mausoleum of Qin Shihuang was built after Qin Shihuang ascended the throne at the age of 22, and it took 39 years to complete. It is the first large-scale and beautifully designed mausoleum in China. Qin Shihuang faces Mount Li in the south and the Weihe River in the north.
"Notes on Water Classics" records: "Water flows out of the northeast of Mount Li and flows northward. Later, Qin Shihuang was buried in the north of the mountain. Water flows through, twists and turns, and flows from east to north. The first emperor built a tomb to borrow soil. The land is deep and the water gathers into a pond. This is the so-called fish pond ... The water in the pond flows through the north of the first emperor's tomb in the northwest. "
The Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was designed by Li Si, then the prime minister of Qin State, and the supervisor was Zhang Han, a junior official. The workload of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum is unimaginable. During the 39-year-long construction, at most, nearly 800,000 people were building the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang at the same time, and it was not completed until more than one year after the death of Qin Shihuang.
The mausoleum of Qin Shihuang once suffered a disaster.
According to historical records and other ancient books, in 206 BC, the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor suffered the first disaster. At that time, after Xiang Yu invaded Guanzhong, the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was destroyed on a large scale. The ground buildings of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum were almost destroyed, and the mausoleum was also excavated. Fortunately, it wasn't long before Liu Bang led the troops to defeat Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, and established the Western Han Dynasty. Later, Liu Bang ordered the proper protection of the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang, so that 20 families were stationed near the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang to guard the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang day and night. Since then, all previous dynasties have followed the gourd painting gourd ladle and ordered the protection of the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor.
There are many traps in the internal structure of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum.
"Historical Records" records: "At the beginning of Emperor Wudi's succession, Lishan was ruled consistently and the world was merged. The world sent 1.7 million people, through the three springs, the copper, the palace, and the palace officials moved to Tibet. Let the craftsman make a crossbow, and anyone who comes near will shoot it. Take mercury as a hundred rivers and seas, instill machines, there is astronomy on the top and geography on the bottom. Taking mermaid cream as a candle will last for a long time. "
According to historical records, the underground palace of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum is a huge project. There are not only rare treasures in the imperial tomb, but also traps everywhere, especially there are a lot of mercury in it, which is highly toxic. Intruders will be killed if inhaled in large quantities, and there are organs such as crossbows inside.
Why didn't the Terracotta Warriors and Horses be discovered until 1974, so that the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor could emerge from the mountain?
The discovery of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum was a complete accident. In March of that year, Xiyang Village was in the dry season. In order to solve the problem of water use, the villagers began to dig wells next to the village to get water, but in the process of drilling wells, many pottery fragments were dug up. The villagers told the news to the village cadres, who felt that something was wrong and reported it to the county cultural center. Subsequently, the archaeological team excavated the terracotta warriors and horses in pit 1, which shocked the world, and then excavated pits 2, 3 and 4.
On the basis of discovering the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, archaeologists accurately located the exact location of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum. The discovery of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor is one of the greatest archaeological discoveries in China and even in the world.
Recently, people have been discussing the excavation of Qin Shihuang's mausoleum on the Internet. The point of view is that the current technology does not protect the unearthed cultural relics well, and we must wait until the technology is mature to discuss this matter, otherwise it will bring a devastating blow to these priceless cultural relics.