1. Basic procedures of western flower arrangement
Whether it is flowers or artificial flowers, they can be divided into three parts according to their position in the overall modeling: line flowers, focus flowers (referring to block flowers and irregular flowers in flower materials) and filled flowers.
(1) line flower is one of the most basic factors in flower arrangement modeling. The function of line flower is to determine the shape, size and direction of modeling. Generally, 1.5 times the height and width of the flower.
(2) Focus flowers, also known as central flowers, refer to block flowers and irregular flowers in flower materials, which are generally inserted in the center of modeling in western flower arrangement and are the focus of vision.
(3) The traditional style of western flower arrangement is mainly filled with flowers, which is a combination of large geometric figures with few gaps. In order to make line flowers and focus flowers blend harmoniously, it is necessary to fill flowers for transition.
The essentials of flower arrangement are: first, determine the shape, size and direction of flower arrangement, then determine the position of the focus flower, and finally make up the flower as a supplementary flower, so that all parts can be coordinated and harmonious to form a complete pattern.
2. Basic modeling of western flower arrangement
Crescent, also known as "crescent" shape, is a shape conceived by the shape of natural phenomenon "crescent". Therefore, attention should be paid to the fluidity of lines when modeling. The crescent shape can change with the change of flower materials. It has a strong curve beauty and great ornamental value. The flowerpot should not be too high, and the wide mouth is the most suitable. It is very suitable for mirrors or disks with round backs and is widely used.
S-shape This is a shape produced by spiral change, which is the same as the English letter "S", so it is called S-shape. It is also called "Huo Jiasi" line, which is related to the fact that painters in Huo Jiasi, England like to paint with S-curve, because of the inspiration of spiral. The curve is the best flower material for S-shaped flower arrangement. Flower pots are suitable for choosing tall bottles; If you put it on the table, you can use a flat basin. As far as visual requirements are concerned, a tall bottle with a narrow waist is better. If the end of the "s" continues, it will form a double circle, or it will look like an "8", but the upper circle must be larger than the lower circle.
Vertical arrangement of flowers shows the beauty of vertical arrangement. The shape of flower arrangement is vertical, narrow and long, extending upward, which has magnificent symbolic significance.
Small sockets or simple slender flower devices are most suitable. Because of its slender shape, it can't be seen from all angles, so it is only suitable for being placed in relatively narrow places, such as corners, columns or windowsills.
Horizontal flower arrangement has been very common since flowers were used for ritual decoration. There are two kinds of horizontal lines: plane and three-dimensional. The closer to the center, the higher the horizontal line is naturally inserted, and the horizontal line formed by flattening can only be placed in the corner position. It's a three-dimensional landscape, which can be viewed from both sides. In addition, there are long and short flower arrangements, which can be seen on all sides and are often widely used in coffee tables, dining tables, conference tables, rostrum and other places. Any flowerpot is suitable except long water basin, tall vase and small flower basket. Pay attention to the smooth radian of the flower surface, which is a big secret of inserting horizontal flowers.
L-shaped l-shaped insertion is a linear structure. Because of its clear structure and easy to master, it is often used as one of the entry patterns of flower arrangement, and it can also be inserted into an inverted L shape, which belongs to a single-sided pattern. In Europe, it is often placed on the fireplace, which is very luxurious and magnificent, and the flower installation is better and simpler. However, it is easier to achieve the blending effect with modern flower devices, and the bottle mouth is too narrow or too wide.
Inverted T-shape adds a horizontal line to the left of L-shape, that is, inverted T-shape. Western Europe is also called rococo type. It is said that it was inspired by fountains in courtyards and street squares, showing beautiful lines of splashing water and water drops, paying attention to symmetry, and paying attention to emphasis and beauty when inserting.
Triangular flower arrangement is the most common basic insertion method in western flower arrangement. Flower arrangement works can be inserted into regular triangles, isosceles triangles and equilateral triangles, which have a wide range of applications. Whether to use symmetrical triangle or asymmetric triangle in modeling should be coordinated with the surrounding environment. When making, the flowers inserted by vertical vertices and the leaves inserted by horizontal sockets form an equilateral, isosceles or equilateral triangular frame, and auxiliary branches are arranged to fill the flowers to complete the composition.
Hemispherical design uses a hemisphere to form a shape. The key point of flower arrangement is to match colors, pay attention to harmony, and the same colors are not adjacent. The pattern surface should be smooth, not uneven. It is most suitable to choose a low flat basin for floral organs, which highlights the fullness of the hemisphere.
Oval flower arrangement can be regarded as one of the representatives of European style. Elliptical interpolation method adopts group interpolation method, which has low requirements for structure and contrast, but pays attention to natural beauty, atmosphere and mystery. This type is most suitable for inserting classical vases and containers. But you must pay attention to maintaining a sense of stability when arranging flowers. Oval flower arrangement is suitable for occasions with large space such as church decoration, altar, funeral or ceremony.
The conical design is the same as the shape of the Egyptian pyramids, except that it is round. In order to attract attention, its design is higher. This prototype was first used in Middle Eastern culture, especially in Byzantine period, when Turkish headdress reminded people of this special design. It is conical from all directions, and it can show beauty and stability from any angle. When designing a conical shape from a low-foot container, the second branch is symmetrical to the third branch, and its length does not exceed the outer edge of the upper mouth of the container, so that the container is completely suitable for the whole design.
Fan-shaped fan-shaped design is to use linear flowers, first determine the skeleton, each branch is equal in length, and imitate the ribs of folding fans or similar semi-circular shapes to make the overall structure. Then add the beauty of contrast with diamonds. Fan bones must not use two different linear flowers alternately, and different colors should not be used alternately, because it will cause a very unnatural appearance. The flower device used can take any shape. Fan-shaped flower arrangement is suitable for cylindrical, triangular, angular and so on. , or you can put it in the hotel lobby.
Diamond diamond flower arrangement is the most basic form of table flower arrangement, which is simple and widely used, so it has become the most basic compulsory course of western flower arrangement. Diamond interpolation method is similar to horizontal shape, but it emphasizes "corner" as its feature.
Because the flowerpot will be completely covered with flowers, it is better to use a shorter one. The flat basin is one of the ideal flowerpots. This kind of flower arrangement is suitable for flat and spacious positions such as conference tables, rostrum and coffee tables.
Z-shaped Z-shaped flower arrangement is formed by overlapping two L-shaped flowers, one on the other. This insertion method can use two bottles, one high and one low, or more than two bottles.
It is more suitable to choose the combination shape of high and low bottles, especially the straight waist.
Suitable locations include buffet tables, pillars or windowsills in the hall.
The shape of oblique flower arrangement is an equilateral triangle, and the length of main branches depends on the situation. The whole composition is characterized by imbalance between left and right. This kind of flower arrangement mostly adopts linear flowers, which can effectively express the beauty of comfort and nature.
It is advisable to choose flowers with wider bottle mouth and more harmonious vertical shape.
Inclined flower arrangement is suitable for heaters, counters, altars and other wide and high conspicuous positions.
The shape of radial flower arrangement is rarely made flat, but generally takes the shape of three-dimensional radiation, extending radially from the center to the surrounding.
It is most suitable to choose a vertical flower device with a considerable height. If you put it on the table, you can also use a short basin.
In Europe and America, radial flower arrangement is mostly used for funerals, space decoration of doorways and windows, or table decoration.
3. Tips for Western Flower Arrangement
(1) colors should be harmonious, and the same or the same series of colors can be selected to achieve the effect of mutual connection and complementarity.
(2) The composition should consider the overall balance, which can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
(3) The layout should be even and have clear priorities, so that the audience can easily understand the intention of the creator.
④ Repetitive and symmetrical structure is a characteristic of western flower arrangement, and more efforts should be made in this aspect when arranging flowers.
⑤ There should not be too many kinds of flowers, nor should they be too close together. If you lose space, you will lose the sense of hierarchy and affect the aesthetic feeling of your works.
⑥ The work must have a clear center of gravity.
⑦ Large flowerpots are more likely to give people a sense of stability and sureness.
⑧ Flowers that are too thick often lose their beautiful lines, so it is difficult to be used as an insertion means to express lines.
Chinese flower arrangement art
The modern flower arrangement method in China is influenced by Japanese flower arrangement method and western flower arrangement method, learning from each other's strong points and adding new ideas to the traditional flower arrangement method in China. The basic shapes of Chinese flower arrangement are: pattern flower arrangement, natural flower arrangement, line flower arrangement, bonsai flower arrangement and game flower arrangement.
(1) Pattern flower arrangement, also known as "regular flower arrangement", is a relatively standardized flower arrangement method with high artistic requirements. Often used for potted flower arrangement. Its shape must be designed by composition before flower arrangement, and then the flower branch as the main flower is selected, supplemented by other flower materials, giving consideration to both the front and the side to meet the requirements of pattern design.
(2) Natural flower arrangement Since ancient times, people have been keen to reproduce the natural growth posture of flowers and plants. This artistic technique is not only found in ceramics and paintings, but also in natural flower arrangement. This method requires symmetrical balance among branches, flowers, fruits and leaves, so that its shape gives people a natural aesthetic feeling. This kind of flower arrangement can be inserted in flowerpots or bottles.
(3) Line flower arrangement, also known as "arc flower arrangement", requires a certain arc shape and artistic integrity. The expressive force of lines is very rich, showing the existence of an invisible force. Different styles of lines express different connotations, such as strong lines expressing masculinity, slender and flexible lines expressing warm and beautiful charm and so on. Cutting is to select three beautiful flower branches, cut them into different lengths, and fix them in three different positions and directions so that they will not cross or overlap each other. This flower arrangement can be used in tall bottles.
(4) bonsai flower arrangement This is an elegant flower arrangement that pays attention to artistic conception and does not require colorful flowers. Because it is generally only appreciated from the front, you should pay attention to a slightly higher angle when arranging flowers. A flower stand (flower needle) should be set in the flowerpot to fix the flower branches. Flower pots should be shallow, and shallow pots with landscape bonsai are better. As for the shape of the basin, it can be oval, rectangular, square, round and so on.
(5) Game-style flower arrangement This is a new form of artistic flower arrangement, which breaks through the tradition of focusing on flower branches in the past and shows the breath of nature. Game flower arrangement brings rural flavor into the living room, and makes good use of wild flowers, wild fruits and weeds, especially the branches, leaves, flowers and fruits of wild and aquatic plants as flower arrangement materials, which has its own unique style.