What is the poster design basis of graphic design? As a common propaganda technique, posters have a long history. It can be said that when mankind began to have news to publicize, there were posters. With the development of design industry, poster design has become more and more diversified. So, how to design a poster? This article gives you a brief introduction to the basic knowledge of poster design.
Posters are generally forbidden in many buildings in the city. After the temporary fence is put up, posters can be seen everywhere.
Posters are a very economical form of expression-good publicity can be achieved with the least information. Sometimes poster designers are required to reduce the text content and convert other text into visual elements. Sometimes, the whole poster only uses some unique font designs. Designers are often asked to organize a lot of trivial details to make them clear and easy to understand.
Designers' choice of pictures when designing posters can be said to be the key to success or failure. The function of pictures is to simplify information-to avoid too complicated composition. Pictures usually show what the product is, who provided it or who wants to use it. Pictures can turn difficult words into short and clear messages, such as "providing housing loans for migrant workers who have no money to buy a house" and other words that sound a bit complicated.
In the poster above, how do you make the names of dozens of performers and creators interesting to the audience, rather than burdensome? -Make these names attractive artistic planes! In this poster of Lincoln Center, the designer skillfully combines a picture with the font, so that the viewer can read it unconsciously.
A poster designer needs to have a strong grasp of typesetting. Because the text on the poster is always very concentrated (relative to packaging or magazines), the typesetting of the poster text is very important. According to an unwritten principle in design, the less elements you use in design, the more careful you should be in design. The words on the poster always convey some specific information, such as "U2 concert on Friday 12" or "the entrance is temporarily closed for maintenance". The font style, text layout and the ratio of text to pictures chosen by designers will determine whether the information we want to convey can be easily read and remembered.
What are the production steps of graphic design posters? Step 1: First, prepare some reduced drawing paper with the same proportion as the poster frame, which is generally only 1/8~ 1/4. This scaled-down sketch is called a sketch. Because of its small area, poster designers or special layout designers have the conditions to try a variety of layout schemes, sometimes as many as twenty or thirty. Try to use these sketches to solicit opinions from others, and select a few better ones for reference. Sketch mainly shows the overall composition effect, without showing the details of each constituent element.
Step 2: Design the sketch. Choose two or three sketches, enlarge the poster frame to its original size, and pay attention to the arrangement and expression of various details in the frame. This mode is called design sketch. Generally, it shows the general effect of titles, illustrations, etc. , and text represents the number of words and paragraphs by drawing straight lines, and the distance between straight lines represents the size of words. It should be noted that the design sketch is an experiment in advertising production, but it is an important stage. After some sketches are enlarged to design sketches, the effect has changed obviously, even losing the balance of the picture. At this time, the enlarged manuscript must be readjusted, and the proportion, size, position, color and shape of each element in the picture should be rearranged. In addition, these design sketches still look very rough, but advertising designers or experienced advertisers can imagine the appearance of finished advertisements with great satisfaction.
Step 3: It is a quick and effective method to design sketches by computer. Choose one of several design sketches as the final scheme, and then make a design draft. With the development of computer graphics and image technology, computer graphics production has gradually replaced manual manuscript production in poster design. The basic size of the poster is 30 inches× 20 inches (508×762mm), which is equivalent to the domestic format size. According to this basic standard size, other standard sizes, such as full opening, four openings, eight openings and so on, are formulated according to the paper opening. Common sizes are generous quarto and folio. In addition, some super-large posters are often used for wall advertisements and outdoor advertisements at stations, some of which are several meters long.
Step 4: Graphic design posters are mostly made by plate making and printing, which are used for posting in public places and shops. Skillful use of DTP technology can create exquisite poster advertisements. Of course, there are also some temporary posters, which are only hand-painted and not printed. This kind of poster has the nature of POP, such as temporary price reduction and prize sale of goods; Notify trade fairs and fairs; Fashion show or cultural performance, etc. This kind of impromptu hand-painted poster is mainly drawn with gouache paint or marker pen, and sometimes it is replaced by post-it notes. Most of them are hand-painted calligraphy, sometimes with illustrations, which is more casual and quick. Not as rigorous as printed posters. Its advantages are timely information dissemination, low cost and simple production. However, with the development of computer graphics production technology, this hand-drawn method has been gradually replaced. Efficient and fast computer-aided graphic design, which is output by a large-format color printer, is often used to make large-scale poster advertisements with high requirements and small batch, such as poster advertisements for windows and light boxes.