Architectural drawings The following drawings are mainly involved in architectural design projects, which play a specific role for different functions. The facade of a building is an orthographic drawing obtained by projecting different measuring surfaces of the building onto a vertical projection plane. It mainly shows the appearance and modeling of the building, reflecting the form and position of the roof, doors and windows, balcony, awning and steps, the height of each part in the vertical direction of the building, the artistic modeling effect of the building and the external decoration practices. According to the complexity of building types, the number of building elevations is also different. Generally, it can be divided into elevation, back elevation and side elevation. It can also be divided into south elevation, north elevation, east elevation and west elevation according to the building orientation. It can also be named after the axis number, which is especially suitable for buildings with complex plane shapes. In architecture, the building elevation is mainly used as the basis for the external decoration of the building. The building profile is an orthographic drawing obtained by cutting the building with a vertical section according to the cutting position and projection direction indicated on the building plan. The cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along the width direction of the building is called sectional view; The section obtained by cutting along the length of the building is called longitudinal section; A section obtained by cutting a part of a building is called a local section. The building profile mainly shows the vertical internal layout of the building, reflecting the structural form, stratification, material practices, structural relations and the height and size of the vertical part of the building. The building plan is a horizontal sectional view obtained by cutting horizontally above the window sill of the house, removing the upper part and using it for the orthographic projection of the rest. Display the plane form, area size, room layout, building population, entrance hall and staircase layout of the building, and display the position, thickness and material of walls and columns, as well as the types and positions of doors and windows. The main drawings include the first floor plan, second floor plan or standard floor plan, top floor plan, roof plan, etc. Among them, the roof plan is a plan obtained by horizontal orthogonal projection of the roof shape above the house. Construction site plan construction site plan refers to the general plan of construction projects. It is the plan of existing, newly-built and planned buildings, structures, roads and greening in the same proportion as the topographic map of the construction base. It mainly shows the newly-built plane modeling, floor number, indoor and outdoor ground elevation, new roads, greening, site drainage and pipeline layout, and shows the relationship between the original buildings, roads, greening and new buildings and environmental protection requirements. Due to the different nature and scale of construction projects and the topography of the base, the contents contained in the general construction plan are simple and complicated. When necessary, vertical layout, comprehensive layout of pipelines and greening layout can be drawn separately. The construction drawing of a building project, referred to as "construction drawing" for short, is a drawing that shows the overall layout of the project, the external shape of the building, the internal layout, the structural structure, the internal and external decoration, the material method, the equipment and the construction requirements. It has the characteristics of complete drawings, accurate expression and specific requirements. It is the final result of design work, the basis of engineering construction, preparation of construction drawing budget and construction organization design, and also an important technical document of construction technology management. A complete set of construction drawings generally includes professional drawings such as architectural construction drawings, structural construction drawings, water supply and drainage, HVAC construction drawings, electrical construction drawings, etc., and can also be collectively referred to as equipment construction drawings. Building construction drawing is referred to as "Jianshi". Generally, it is designed and drawn by the construction professionals in the design department. The construction drawing mainly reflects the overall layout of a project, indicating the external shape, internal layout, building structure, decoration, materials and construction requirements of the building, and serves as the basis for construction positioning and setting out, internal and external decoration practices, structural construction drawings and equipment construction drawings. Building construction drawings include basic drawings such as equipment description, construction site plan, building plan, stereogram and profile, detailed drawings such as wall profile, stairs, doors and windows, steps, aprons and toilets, and descriptions of materials and practices. Architectural engineering drawing Architectural engineering drawing is a drawing that accurately expresses the shape and size of completed or unfinished architectural engineering on the plane according to the projection principle and the drawing standards stipulated by the state, and at the same time indicates the materials used in the project and the requirements for production and installation. It is the technical basis and important technical data of engineering project construction. Architectural engineering drawings include scheme design drawings, various construction drawings and project completion drawings. Due to the different task requirements in different stages of engineering construction, the content, depth and methods expressed in various drawings are also different. The scheme design is mainly to solicit the opinions of the construction unit and provide services for the approval of relevant leading departments; Construction drawing is the basis of construction organization; As-built drawings are drawings drawn according to the actual construction situation after the completion of the project, which are kept as technical files for reference at any time when necessary. The plot ratio refers to the proportion of the construction area in the construction land to the total land area of the base. The plot ratio is actually a limiting index to improve the urban living environment and control the population density and industrial density, that is, to control the intensity of land use. The higher the plot ratio, the larger the building area, the lower the unit land cost and the lower the housing cost. At the same time, it also means that the per capita green area is reduced and the quality of living environment is reduced.