The definition of camera shooting is to use a camera (video shooting equipment) to convert optical image signals into electrical signals for storage or transmission. When we shoot an object, the light reflected by the object is collected by the camera lens and focused on the light receiving surface of the camera device (such as the target surface of the camera tube), and then the light is converted into electric energy by the camera device, that is, the "video signal" is obtained. The photoelectric signal is very weak, so it needs to be amplified by pre-amplifier circuit and then processed and adjusted by various circuits. The final standard signal can be sent to video recorders and other recording media for recording, or spread through a propagation system, or sent to a monitor for display.

The four elements of photography are: structure, direction, capture and interpretation.

Generally speaking, we can divide TV news camera work into two types: one is technical camera, and the other is director camera.

According to the traditional practice of TV interview, technical camera refers to simple camera work. The main task of this kind of cameraman is to capture the material that meets the requirements, but this is not a simple cameraman. He should fully understand the director's intention, actively participate in the production of the program, and assist the director to complete the report on the event.

The so-called "director-oriented camera shooting" refers to a reporter who integrates interview, shooting and editing. He is both a director and a cameraman, and he has to finish editing. Many TV reporters in western countries are cameras for directors. From the perspective of program creation, the director will know more about what is a useful shot, how to choose the shooting angle and how to express the picture. This way is conducive to directly expressing the creator's intention and reducing the creative links, which is the development direction of TV news work in the future. Of course, it also puts forward higher requirements for the comprehensive quality of creators. Journalists must be versatile in order to be handy in practical work.

Due to different program styles, different requirements 1

Various programs have different requirements, such as news programs describing events, prose poetry (literature) programs expressing emotions, and different shooting schemes.

2. Due to different shooting priorities.

Generally speaking, shooting requires both sound and pictures. In some cases, there will be emphasis: sometimes it is mainly sound, sometimes it is mainly pictures, and sometimes it is mainly specific details, which need attention.

3. Because of the different subjects.

When face-to-face interviews or real-time shooting are needed, handheld devices will be the main shooting objects; When * * * follows interviews, such as animal programs, you can use remote camera tools.

Technical standards for image quality focusing (sharpness), exposure, stability and color (white balance)

Aesthetic composition, color and expressive force (appeal) of the picture

Plan Theme, Plan Theme and Level

The basic point is to stabilize the TV picture. Unstable and shaky shots will affect the expression of the picture content, destroy the audience's appreciation mood and make their eyes tired. Don't shoot while walking, it will cause a lot of shaking, except in special circumstances.

Using tripod is one of the effective ways to reduce the picture jitter. If circumstances permit, try to use a tripod or make full use of various supports, such as trees, telephone poles, walls, etc.

Flat means that the horizon in the photo taken must be flat. The scene graphics seen in the viewfinder should be horizontal and vertical, measured by the frame line of the viewfinder. The horizontal line is parallel to the horizontal edge of the viewfinder, and the vertical line is parallel to the vertical edge of the viewfinder. If the lines are skewed, the audience will have some illusions.

Generally speaking, the picture on the left should be accurate. When a technical shot (push) ends, the focus and composition of the shot on the left should be just right. Any composition correction after the left picture will be clearly shown in the picture, and the composition correction after the left picture will give the audience an ambiguous impression.

The essentials of "accuracy" are difficult to master in camera shooting, such as pushing and shaking. The composition in the picture is constantly changing. In order to maintain the balance of composition, two techniques are often combined to push and shake the end at the most appropriate time. The left picture should be the best composition.

Bottom line: In the shooting process of fixed (static composition) lens and moving (dynamic composition) lens, the capture and composition of the picture should be accurate and harmonious.

Uniformity means that the speed of moving the lens should be uniform, neither fast nor slow, whether it is pushing, pulling, shaking, moving or other means, it should be carried out at a uniform speed. The take-off and the left picture of the lens should be slow, not too fast, and static objects should be visible, and the middle must be uniform.

Clear Under normal circumstances, the focus of the picture should be clear.

Employment prospects With the progress of the times, the development of science and technology, the improvement of people's living standards, and the desire to pursue spiritual enjoyment, the state is also striving to cultivate people's artistic literacy and improve people's comprehensive artistic quality. After graduation, he will be a senior artistic talent in photography and photography needed by photo studios, newspapers, TV stations, film and television companies, advertising companies, wedding companies, cultural communication companies and mass media.

The goal is to cultivate high-level professionals with extensive knowledge of scientific culture and art theory, film, television, advertising and photo shooting ability, who can engage in photography art creation, teaching and research in film factories, television production departments, advertising and publicity departments and audio-visual publishing departments.

Preventive measures cannot cover everything. One of the mistakes that novices often make in camera shooting is that they like to use the perspective and put too much background in the picture, which leads to the confusion between primary and secondary. I can't put it down when I see flowers and plants in my eyes. I can't wait to film them all, for fear that something is missing, and the protagonist becomes an ornament of flowers and plants, which looks like a landscape film. You should use close-ups or even close-ups to highlight the protagonist and make the rich expressions of the characters clearly visible.

We should be familiar with the rules, learn to use them, learn to use them flexibly, follow the trend, and never blindly follow the general stereotype. If we only know how to use "rules" rigidly, then our works will look dull and lose their aesthetic feeling.

Photography is also artistic creation, and art is regular but even more irregular. The so-called composition rules are only the basic package of camera creation and cannot represent everything. Just like painting, a good work is born from rules, but it is not rigidly adhered to rules. The last rule of camera composition is to break all conventions, break all shackles and oppose all commandments, so that the works created will have vitality.