Fubaide hung ceiling
Let's take a look at what a suspended ceiling is:
Ceiling: Ceiling is the beautification of the indoor top, and the decoration of the house top is called ceiling. The local ceiling is decorated in a local position at the top.
Xinglibao hung ceiling
Refer to the function of decoration ceiling to see if the owner needs to carry out ceiling.
The function of decorative ceiling is as follows:
First, prevent moisture infiltration and oil smoke scattering, so it is clean. For example, the ceiling of the bathroom and kitchen.
Second, the shape changes the space to realize artistic creation. Such as living room, dining room and bedroom.
Third, hide the lights and make the reflected light of lamps soft and natural. Imitate natural light.
Fourth, hide the pipeline.
Five, the roof is not up to standard, the appearance of tilt, through the ceiling adjustment to reach the level.
Batisi hung ceiling
Materials required for suspended ceiling:
1, keel material; 2. Decorative board materials
Introduction of keel materials:
Description: The keel is fixed to the top wall when the ceiling is suspended, which is used to support the asbestos board outside and plays a supporting and fixing role.
Keel material:
Light steel keel, wooden keel, aluminum alloy keel.
The advantage of light steel keel and aluminum alloy keel is that it is not easy to deform. The advantage of wooden keel is that it is easy to make various equal shapes, but the disadvantage is that it is easy to deform and crack.
Note: The variety, specification and color of keel for ceiling shall meet the design requirements.
Check the product certificate, performance test report, production date and specification, entry acceptance record and reinspection report of materials. Green environmental protection materials and light steel keel are preferred for ceiling products certified by ISO 1400 1 environmental protection system. Anti-fraud tip: Before the ceiling is started, be sure to carefully check the ceiling materials. Nowadays, light steel keel and aluminum alloy keel ceiling are generally used, because their materials are more durable than other varieties such as wooden keel. Wooden keel can only be used when a few special shapes cannot use light steel keel.
Ousibao hung ceiling
In order to cut corners, some decoration companies build a large area of wooden keel, but the price of light steel keel is much higher than that of wooden keel.
Introduction of decorative board materials: gypsum board, metal plate, polystyrene foam plastic plate, aluminum-plastic plate, etc.
Description: decorative plate:
The decorative plate is the plate that covers the keel after the keel is installed on the ceiling.
The ceiling materials mainly include mineral wool board, gypsum board, wood board, PVC plastic gusset plate, glass, metal and so on.
Hongye hung ceiling
1, PVC plastic gusset plate
① Characteristic suspended ceiling
It is made of PVC and processed into tongue-and-groove profile, which has the characteristics of light weight, simple installation, waterproof, moisture-proof and moth-proof. Its surface pattern changes greatly, and it has good pollution resistance, easy cleaning, sound insulation and heat insulation properties. In particular, flame retardant materials are added to the new process, which makes it go out immediately after fire, making it safer to use. Because of its low cost and good decorative effect, it occupies an important position in the ceiling materials for home decoration and has become the leading material for ceilings such as bathrooms, kitchens, bathrooms and balconies.
② Quality evaluation and procurement
When buying PVC ceiling profiles, you must ask the dealers for quality inspection reports and product inspection certificates. Visual appearance quality board should be smooth, crack-free, concave-convex, freely disassembled, rough and scratch-free; The sound of knocking on the board by hand is crisp.
Maintaining and replacing PVC ceiling profiles has strong water resistance and scrubbing resistance. In daily use, it can be scrubbed with cleaning agent and then rinsed with clear water; Gaps between plates are prone to oil stains. When cleaning, you can use a brush dipped in cleaning agent to clean it, and then rinse it with clear water. Pay attention to the lighting circuit not to be damp. If the PVC ceiling profile is damaged, it is very convenient to update it. Just take off the batten at one end, pull the boards out of the batten piece by piece, replace the damaged boards with new ones, reinstall them and press the batten. When replacing, it should be noted that the color of the new board should be the same as that of the old board, and there should be no chromatic aberration.
Boshijia hung ceiling
2, metal products ceiling
Metal products ceiling refers to a metal decorative board with multiple functions and decorative functions. Compared with traditional ceiling materials, the texture and decorative feeling are better, which can be divided into sound-absorbing board and decorative board (without holes). According to the acoustic principle, the sound-absorbing board uses various metal plates with different perforation rates to eliminate noise. There are different holes such as round hole, square hole, rectangular hole, rectangular hole, triangular hole, combined hole, etc. The bottom plate is mostly white or aluminum. In addition, metal decorative panels pay special attention to decoration, with simple and smooth lines, beautiful shapes and elegant colors, such as bronze, gold, red, blue and milky white. The specifications are completely consistent with the width of ordinary houses, and are connected with marble and aluminum alloy doors and windows, which are elegant and gorgeous, adding icing on the cake to the quiet living environment.
Metal decorative plates include aluminum, copper, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc. Copper and stainless steel decorative plates are of high grade and high price. For the general room decoration, aluminum alloy decorative board is more suitable, which conforms to people's general shopping psychology, that is, good quality and low price. Due to the poor thermal insulation performance of metal plate, in order to obtain certain sound absorption and heat insulation function, when choosing metal plate for ceiling decoration, glass wool, rock wool and other thermal insulation and sound absorption products can be used to achieve the function of heat insulation and sound absorption. Especially for residents living on the top floor, the indoor environment can be improved after renovation, and the energy consumption of air conditioning can be obviously saved.
Mingzu integrated ceiling
Gypsum board hung ceiling
Gypsum board is a new type of ceiling decoration material widely used at present, which has good decorative effect and sound absorption performance. Commonly used are gypsum decorative boards and paper decorative sound-absorbing boards.
Gypsum decorative board has the characteristics of light weight, moisture-proof, no deformation, fire prevention and flame retardant. It has the advantages of convenient construction, good processability, sawing, nailing, planing and bonding. The main varieties are: all kinds of flat plates, embossed plates, semi-perforated plates, fully perforated plates, waterproof plates and so on. Relief diamond plate is suitable for the ceiling of living room, bedroom and study. Waterproof boards are mostly used in places with high humidity such as kitchens and bathrooms.
Anti-fraud tip: some decoration companies suggest that owners use large core ceiling. The large core board is a very cheap material, so the owner must not be greedy for petty gain, because the material of the large core board itself will produce many substances harmful to the human body, such as formaldehyde, benzene and other substances. So at this time, we must resolutely refuse to use it.
This time, follow the construction process of gypsum board ceiling, and focus on the following:
Gypsum board: Gypsum board is a new type of ceiling decoration material widely used at present. It has good indoor decoration effect and sound absorption performance, and its price is lower than other roof decoration materials.
When choosing gypsum board, we should know the performance and use characteristics of gypsum board for interior decoration, so that our interior decoration can achieve the ideal purpose.
Gypsum board is characterized by light weight, heat insulation, incombustibility, sawing nails, sound absorption, moisture control and beauty. But the moisture resistance is poor.
Aia integrated ceiling
Gypsum board procurement:
(1) Visual inspection
During the appearance inspection, the front of the plate shall be visually inspected under the strong light with a distance of 0.5m, and the surface shall be looked at first. The surface is flat and smooth, and there can be no air holes, stains, cracks, missing corners, uneven colors and defects. The upper and lower layers of kraft paper on the gypsum board should be firm, which can prevent cracking and prevent the gypsum board from cracking when screwing. Look at the side again. See if the gypsum texture is dense and empty. The denser the gypsum board, the more durable it is.
(2) Knock by hand
Check the elasticity of gypsum board. Knocking by hand will make a solid sound, indicating that the gypsum board is tight and durable. If it makes a hollow sound, it means that there is an empty drum in the board and the texture is not good. Weighing by hand can also measure the quality of gypsum board.
(3) Allowable deviation of size, flatness and right angle deviation
The allowable deviation of dimension, flatness and right-angle deviation shall meet the qualified standards. If the deviation of decorative gypsum board is too large, the flat-fell seam on the decorative surface will be irregular and the whole surface will be uneven, which will have a great influence on the decorative effect.
(4) Look at the sign
Each packing box should be marked with product name, trademark, quality grade, manufacturer's name, production date, moistureproof, handle with care, product logo, etc. Pay attention to the quality grade mark when buying. The quality grade of decorative gypsum board is divided according to the allowable deviation of size, flatness and right angle deviation.
After the introduction of materials, let's take a look at the technology of gypsum ceiling:
Process flow:
Measuring unreeling → fixing suspenders → installing side keels → installing main keels → installing secondary keels → installing decorative plates → installing convergent strips.
Measuring and setting out: use laser levels to measure the vertical line of the whole indoor level, and then use ink line to pop up the ceiling elevation control line along the wall (column) according to the far infrared ray of the level meter. The purpose is to make the ceiling compare with this horizontal line from now on to ensure the verticality of its construction.
Keel installation:
1. Install the side keel.
Install the side keel according to the requirements of design drawings and the played ceiling elevation control line. During installation, after coating adhesive on the side of the side keel against the wall, drill holes on the top of the wall with a drill, nail the wooden brick into the wall with a hammer, and then fix it on the embedded wooden brick with cement nails or screws (the wooden brick needs anti-corrosion treatment). When it is fixed on the concrete wall (column), it can be fixed directly with cement nails.
Tip: The owner should pay attention to the fact that the fixed distance between the side keels cannot be greater than the distance between the secondary keels of the ceiling, which is generally 300 ~ 600 mm, so as to avoid deformation affecting the stability and quality of the final project.
Inspection tip: the side keel should be fixed on the surrounding walls according to the design requirements. The side keel is initially installed. If the construction is not carried out according to the horizontal line, it will affect the beauty of the ceiling.
2. Install the main keel
When installing the main keel, measure the side keel with an appropriate length, and use a special hanger to connect with the suspender, and the center of the suspender should be on the center line of the main keel. The installation spacing of the main keel-generally 900 ~ 1000mm, should be arranged in parallel with the room.
3. Install the secondary keel
Fix the metal secondary keel with special connectors and the main keel with nails. Secondary keels must be butted, and there can be no overlap. —The average keel spacing should not exceed 600 mm. In wet or important places, the spacing of secondary keels should be 300 ~ 400 mm.
Owner's quality inspection: 1 position deviation, skeleton appearance quality and verticality flatness.
Shake the keel up, down, left and right by hand to see if it is stable. If there is no instability, it can be proved that its stability is up to standard.
3 comprehensively correct the position and flatness of the primary and secondary keels. This is also the main factor affecting stability.
Supervision and inspection: prevent the ceiling from being uneven;
1. Phenomenon: irregular waves appear on the ceiling.
2. Cause analysis:
Arbitrary arching leads to uneven camber.
Grille or four corners around the ceiling are uneven.
The keel joint is uneven and hard bent, resulting in uneven ceiling.
If the distance between suspenders or suspenders is too large, the keel will have irregular deflection after deformation.
The joints under stress are loosely combined, and displacement and deformation occur after stress.
Installing trim panel
(1) When the skeleton is a metal keel, the decorative plate is generally fixed with countersunk head tapping screws.
(2) gypsum board installation. Firstly, measure the distance between the keels, determine the required gypsum board, cut the gypsum board and fix it with the side keels and the main keels with screws. Note that each board should be fixed radially from the middle to the periphery, and it is not allowed to be fixed at the same time from multiple points around to prevent the phenomenon of bending and bulging. In general, the long side of the whole gypsum board should be installed along the laying direction of the secondary keel.
Supervision finish: the cause of ceiling cracking;
1. phenomenon: at the joint of ceiling, the joint is cracked due to too long time.
2. Cause analysis: Because the splicing is too scattered when decorating the panel, a whole gypsum board is not used as much as possible, resulting in too many joints. Therefore, it is best to reduce the joints in the construction and try to use a whole board.
Install slats or convergent strips.
At the junction between the ceiling of various decorative boards and the surrounding walls, edges, internal corners or edges suitable for decorative board materials should be adopted according to the design requirements. The installation must be firm, reliable and straight.
Tip: seasonal construction
When installing plasterboard and other decorative boards in rainy season, the humidity of the working environment should be controlled below 70%. Rain-proof and moisture-proof measures should be taken in the transportation, handling and storage of various ceiling materials in rainy season to prevent mildew, rust and deformation.
In the process of construction, the owner should pay attention to the problems that affect the project quality:
1. Install the surrounding skeleton in strict accordance with the played elevation and position control lines; The stressed joints should be assembled and connected firmly with special parts as required to ensure the overall stiffness of the skeleton; The specifications and dimensions of each keel should meet the design requirements, and the vertical and horizontal arching should be consistent and adapt to each other. Adjust the camber of the framework with suspender bolts: it is forbidden to bend the metal keel hard to ensure the installation of the ceiling framework is firm and stable.
2. The decorative panels shall be inspected one by one before installation, and the edges and corners shall be neat and consistent in size; Only in this way can the joints be even, flat and smooth, and the lines are neat and tight after installation.
3. Structures of various holes and holes (lamps, vents, etc.). ) The reserved light steel skeleton shall be provided with keels and connectors according to the requirements of specifications and atlas. Avoid deformation and cracks around holes and holes.
4. The skeleton shall be fixed on the main structure and shall not be hung on various pipes and equipment in the ceiling. After the hanger is adjusted, it must be fixed and fastened, and the connection between light steel skeletons must be firm and reliable. So as not to cause skeleton deformation and uneven roof cracking.
5. When cutting veneer and block, the cutting angle should be controlled, and the stubble and edge collapse of the incision should be straightened. Avoid problems such as obvious joints, missing joints, uneven joints and staggered joints.
Pay attention to process quality inspection;
The ceiling is one of the concealed works, so the detection method must be carried out during the construction, otherwise you won't see any problems after the gypsum board is sealed. Note that inspection during construction is the best method.
Be sure to ask the dealer for the quality inspection report and product inspection certificate. Visual appearance quality board should be smooth, crack-free, concave-convex, freely disassembled, rough and scratch-free; The sound of knocking on the board by hand is crisp. Maintaining and replacing PVC ceiling profiles has strong water resistance and scrubbing resistance. In daily use, it can be scrubbed with cleaning agent and then rinsed with clear water; Gaps between plates are prone to oil stains. When cleaning, you can use a brush dipped in cleaning agent to clean it, and then rinse it with clear water. Pay attention to the lighting circuit not to be damp. If the PVC ceiling profile is damaged, it is very convenient to update it. Just take off the batten at one end, pull the boards out of the batten piece by piece, replace the damaged boards with new ones, reinstall them and press the batten. When replacing, it should be noted that the color of the new board should be the same as that of the old board, and there should be no chromatic aberration.
Boshijia hung ceiling
2, metal products ceiling
Metal products ceiling refers to a metal decorative board with multiple functions and decorative functions. Compared with traditional ceiling materials, the texture and decorative feeling are better, which can be divided into sound-absorbing board and decorative board (without holes). According to the acoustic principle, the sound-absorbing board uses various metal plates with different perforation rates to eliminate noise. There are different holes such as round hole, square hole, rectangular hole, rectangular hole, triangular hole, combined hole, etc. The bottom plate is mostly white or aluminum. In addition, metal decorative panels pay special attention to decoration, with simple and smooth lines, beautiful shapes and elegant colors, such as bronze, gold, red, blue and milky white. The specifications are completely consistent with the width of ordinary houses, and are connected with marble and aluminum alloy doors and windows, which are elegant and gorgeous, adding icing on the cake to the quiet living environment.
Metal decorative plates include aluminum, copper, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc. Copper and stainless steel decorative plates are of high grade and high price. For the general room decoration, aluminum alloy decorative board is more suitable, which conforms to people's general shopping psychology, that is, good quality and low price. Due to the poor thermal insulation performance of metal plate, in order to obtain certain sound absorption and heat insulation function, when choosing metal plate for ceiling decoration, glass wool, rock wool and other thermal insulation and sound absorption products can be used to achieve the function of heat insulation and sound absorption. Especially for residents living on the top floor, the indoor environment can be improved after renovation, and the energy consumption of air conditioning can be obviously saved.
Mingzu integrated ceiling
Gypsum board hung ceiling
Gypsum board is a new type of ceiling decoration material widely used at present, which has good decorative effect and sound absorption performance. Commonly used are gypsum decorative boards and paper decorative sound-absorbing boards.
Gypsum decorative board has the characteristics of light weight, moisture-proof, no deformation, fire prevention and flame retardant. It has the advantages of convenient construction, good processability, sawing, nailing, planing and bonding. The main varieties are: all kinds of flat plates, embossed plates, semi-perforated plates, fully perforated plates, waterproof plates and so on. Relief diamond plate is suitable for the ceiling of living room, bedroom and study. Waterproof boards are mostly used in places with high humidity such as kitchens and bathrooms.
Anti-fraud tip: some decoration companies suggest that owners use large core ceiling. The large core board is a very cheap material, so the owner must not be greedy for petty gain, because the material of the large core board itself will produce many substances harmful to the human body, such as formaldehyde, benzene and other substances. So at this time, we must resolutely refuse to use it.
This time, follow the construction process of gypsum board ceiling, and focus on the following:
Gypsum board: Gypsum board is a new type of ceiling decoration material widely used at present. It has good indoor decoration effect and sound absorption performance, and its price is lower than other roof decoration materials.
When choosing gypsum board, we should know the performance and use characteristics of gypsum board for interior decoration, so that our interior decoration can achieve the ideal purpose.
Gypsum board is characterized by light weight, heat insulation, incombustibility, sawing nails, sound absorption, moisture control and beauty. But the moisture resistance is poor.
Aia integrated ceiling
Gypsum board procurement:
(1) Visual inspection
During the appearance inspection, the front of the plate should be visually inspected under the strong light of 0.5m distance, and the surface should be looked at first. The surface is flat and smooth, and there can be no air holes, stains, cracks, missing corners, uneven colors and defects. The upper and lower layers of kraft paper on the gypsum board should be firm, which can prevent cracking and prevent the gypsum board from cracking when screwing. Look at the side again. See if the gypsum texture is dense and empty. The denser the gypsum board, the more durable it is.
(2) Knock by hand
Check the elasticity of gypsum board. Knocking by hand will make a solid sound, indicating that the gypsum board is tight and durable. If it makes a hollow sound, it means that there is an empty drum in the board and the texture is not good. Weighing by hand can also measure the quality of gypsum board.
(3) Allowable deviation of size, flatness and right angle deviation
The allowable deviation of dimension, flatness and right-angle deviation shall meet the qualified standards. If the deviation of decorative gypsum board is too large, the flat-fell seam on the decorative surface will be irregular and the whole surface will be uneven, which will have a great influence on the decorative effect.
(4) Look at the sign
Each packing box should have product name, trademark, quality grade, manufacturer's name, production date, moistureproof, handle with care and product mark. Pay attention to the quality grade mark when buying. The quality grade of decorative gypsum board is divided according to the allowable deviation of size, flatness and right angle deviation.
After the introduction of materials, let's take a look at the technology of gypsum ceiling:
Process flow:
Measuring unreeling → fixing suspenders → installing side keels → installing main keels → installing secondary keels → installing decorative plates → installing convergent strips.
Measuring and setting out: use laser levels to measure the vertical line of the whole indoor level, and then use ink line to pop up the ceiling elevation control line along the wall (column) according to the far infrared ray of the level meter. The purpose is to make the ceiling compare with this horizontal line from now on to ensure the verticality of its construction.
Keel installation:
1. Install the side keel.
Install the side keel according to the requirements of design drawings and the played ceiling elevation control line. During installation, after the side of the side keel against the wall is coated with adhesive, drill a hole at the top of the wall with a drill, nail the wooden brick into the wall with a hammer, and then fix it on the embedded wooden brick with cement nails or screws (the wooden brick needs anti-corrosion treatment). When it is fixed on the concrete wall (column), it can be fixed directly with cement nails.
Tip: The owner should pay attention to the fact that the fixed distance between the side keels cannot be greater than the distance between the secondary keels of the ceiling, which is generally 300 ~ 600 mm, so as to avoid deformation affecting the stability and quality of the final project.
Inspection tip: the side keel should be fixed on the surrounding walls according to the design requirements. The side keel is initially installed. If the construction is not carried out according to the horizontal line, it will affect the beauty of the ceiling.
2. Install the main keel
When installing the main keel, measure the side keel with an appropriate length, and use a special hanger to connect with the suspender, and the center of the suspender should be on the center line of the main keel. The installation spacing of the main keel-generally 900 ~ 1000mm, should be arranged in parallel with the room.
3. Install the secondary keel
Fix the metal secondary keel with special connectors and the main keel with nails. Secondary keels must be butted, and there can be no overlap. —The average keel spacing should not exceed 600 mm. In wet or important places, the spacing of secondary keels should be 300 ~ 400 mm.
Owner's quality inspection: 1 position deviation, skeleton appearance quality and verticality flatness.
Shake the keel up, down, left and right by hand to see if it is stable. If there is no instability, it can be proved that its stability is up to standard.
3 comprehensively correct the position and flatness of the primary and secondary keels. This is also the main factor affecting stability.
Supervision and inspection: prevent the ceiling from being uneven;
1. Phenomenon: irregular waves appear on the ceiling.
2. Cause analysis:
Arbitrary arching leads to uneven camber.
Grille or four corners around the ceiling are uneven.
The keel joint is uneven and hard bent, resulting in uneven ceiling.
If the distance between suspenders or suspenders is too large, the keel will have irregular deflection after deformation.
The joints under stress are loosely combined, and displacement and deformation occur after stress.
Installing trim panel
(1) When the skeleton is a metal keel, the decorative plate is generally fixed with countersunk head tapping screws.
(2) gypsum board installation. Firstly, measure the distance between the keels, determine the required gypsum board, cut the gypsum board and fix it with the side keels and the main keels with screws. Note that each board should be fixed radially from the middle to the periphery, and it is not allowed to be fixed at the same time from multiple points around to prevent the phenomenon of bending and bulging. In general, the long side of the whole gypsum board should be installed along the laying direction of the secondary keel.
Supervision finish: the cause of ceiling cracking;
1. phenomenon: at the joint of ceiling, the joint is cracked due to too long time.
2. Cause analysis: Because the splicing is too scattered when decorating the panel, a whole gypsum board is not used as much as possible, resulting in too many joints. Therefore, it is best to reduce the joints in construction and try to use a whole board.
Install slats or convergent strips.
At the junction between the ceiling of various decorative boards and the surrounding walls, edges, internal corners or edges suitable for decorative board materials should be adopted according to the design requirements. The installation must be firm, reliable and straight.
Tip: seasonal construction
When installing plasterboard and other decorative boards in rainy season, the humidity of the working environment should be controlled below 70%. Rain-proof and moisture-proof measures should be taken in the transportation, handling and storage of various ceiling materials in rainy season to prevent mildew, rust and deformation.
In the process of construction, the owner should pay attention to the problems that affect the project quality:
1. Install the surrounding skeleton in strict accordance with the played elevation and position control lines; The stressed joints should be assembled and connected firmly with special parts as required to ensure the overall stiffness of the skeleton; The specifications and dimensions of each keel should meet the design requirements, and the vertical and horizontal arching should be consistent and adapt to each other. Adjust the camber of the framework with suspender bolts: it is forbidden to bend the metal keel hard to ensure the installation of the ceiling framework is firm and stable.
2. The decorative panels shall be inspected one by one before installation, and the edges and corners shall be neat and consistent in size; Only in this way can the joints be even, flat and smooth, and the lines are neat and tight after installation.
3. Structures of various holes and holes (lamps, vents, etc.). ) The reserved light steel skeleton shall be provided with keels and connectors according to the requirements of specifications and atlas. Avoid deformation and cracks around holes and holes.
4. The skeleton shall be fixed on the main structure and shall not be hung on various pipes and equipment in the ceiling. After the hanger is adjusted, it must be fixed and fastened, and the connection between light steel skeletons must be firm and reliable. So as not to cause skeleton deformation and uneven roof cracking.
5. When cutting veneer and block, the cutting angle should be controlled, and the stubble and edge collapse of the incision should be straightened. Avoid problems such as obvious joints, missing joints, uneven joints and staggered joints.
Pay attention to process quality inspection;
The ceiling is one of the concealed works, so the detection method must be carried out during the construction, otherwise you won't see any problems after the gypsum board is sealed. Note that inspection during construction is the best method.