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The techniques of asexual propagation and short-spike cutting are generally adopted in Anji white tea seedling raising. The experiment shows that when white tea is raised with tea seeds, its offspring show character variation, that is, there is no characteristic of whitening in spring. Cutting seedlings with short cuttings can keep the characteristics of the female parent, and the offspring have the same characteristics, high propagation coefficient and high survival rate. Considering the economic benefits of white tea, there is no special matriarchal garden at present, and there are both matriarchal gardens and picking gardens. Cutting time is generally September-June, autumn 10. During this period, cuttings take root quickly, the seedling rate is high, and the management cycle is short, which is conducive to reducing production costs.

1. Cultivation of cutting mother trees

The mother tree of Anji White Tea is pruned immediately after picking spring tea, and the chicken feet and twigs on the loose surface are cut off, and the pruning depth is to grow thick branches. Strengthen the management of fertilizer cultivation, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on the basis of applying enough nitrogen fertilizer (the same amount as that in the same tea garden) to enhance the meristem ability of new shoots. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases and ensure that the branches and leaves of the new shoots of mother trees are strong and complete. If it is expected that new shoots have not formed at the top of the cuttings, topping should be carried out 10- 15 days before the cuttings to artificially force the new shoots to stop growing and promote their maturity. The production index of cuttings is reddish brown, and the green hard branches are also good.

Second, the selection and arrangement of nursery land

Nursery land should be selected in agricultural land or paddy field with convenient transportation, flat terrain, sufficient water and convenient drainage. The soil quality requires loose, slightly acidic sandy or light clay. The former tobacco, marijuana and vegetable gardens should not be used as nurseries. Miao Di should be thoroughly plowed, and the boundary should be carefully made, with a width of 100-200 cm, a width of 30-40 cm and a tunnel height.

15-20cm, a drainage ditch should be opened around the bottom of the temple. Generally, decomposed cake fertilizer 100- 150 kg and calcium superphosphate 20 kg are applied per mu of nursery land. The fertilizer should be evenly mixed with the border soil, and then loose red soil or yellow soil with a thickness of 5-6 cm should be spread on the border surface. After spreading evenly, it is slightly pressed, and tea leaves are used for wholesale every time.

Third, ear cutting and needle insertion.

The branches cut from the white tea mother tree should be placed in a cool and humid place to prevent excessive water loss. Cut your ear the same day, cut it the same day. The cut ear is about 3 cm long, and each ear should have 1 full axillary buds and 1 healthy real leaves. The incision must be smooth, and the oblique direction of the incision is consistent with the direction of the blade.

Cutting is usually carried out before 10 in the morning or when the sun is weak in the afternoon. First, fully wet the border with water. When the soil doesn't stick to hands, insert cuttings directly or obliquely into the soil according to the row spacing of 7- 10 cm, and the depth is appropriate to expose the petiole, and slightly compact the soil while inserting. The plant spacing depends on the width of the leaves, so it is appropriate to make the leaves not overlap each other. There are about 6.5438+0.5 million cuttings per mu of nursery. Fully water immediately after cutting.

Fourth, build a shade shed.

Building a shade shed in Miao Di can avoid strong sunlight, reduce the ground wind speed, reduce water evaporation, and improve the survival rate of cuttings and seedling growth. Generally covered with sunshade net, the shed is 35-50 cm high. Cover the shade shed immediately after pruning.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) nursery management

1, water and drain. Water frequently before cutting to keep the soil moist and increase the air humidity. Once in the morning on sunny days, once in the evening, once on cloudy days, not on rainy days. Pay attention to drainage after heavy rain. After cutting takes root, water every other day or several days to keep the soil moist.

2. Shading shed management. Shading shed should be inspected and maintained in time, and the light transmittance should be increased after rooting. Due to the poor cold resistance of white strips, plastic film should be covered in winter to enhance the ground temperature, and tea products should be removed when the temperature rises in the next year.

3. Weed and sprout in time. Weeds at the border should be pulled out by hand in time. Weeds at the border can be sprayed with herbicides, but herbicides can't touch cuttings. The buds of tea seedlings should be picked off by hand in time.

4, timely fertilization. Although seedlings can absorb some nutrients from the soil, because there are few primary roots, it is necessary to apply appropriate amount of topdressing. Multiple fertilization should be mastered in stages. When the cuttings grow to 3-4 cm to form the first back group, the first fertilization is started, and then every month 1 time. Fertilizers should be diluted and generally applied with water.

5. Control pests and diseases. Common diseases and insect pests in seedling stage include Empoasca vitis, tea aphid and leaf diseases, so insecticides or fungicides should be sprayed in time. Spraying should be carried out after watering the leaves horizontally.

Sixth, raise seedlings.

White tea seedlings planted in autumn can generally be planted in the following year 1 month 10 to June10. According to the standard of Anji white tea, the quality of seedlings is required to be 20-30 cm high, the stem diameter is 65,438+0.8-30 mm, the root length is 4-65,438+0.2 cm, and the leaves are 6-8, without quarantine diseases and insect pests.