Comrade Li Dazhao's life is a revolutionary's indomitable and heroic life. Even in his youth, he was a radical democrat and took an active part in the struggle against imperialism and northern warlords. After the October Revolution, he was the first to accept and publicize the truth of Marxism. He was the standard-bearer in China's first Marxist ideological movement, the organizer and leader of the May 4th patriotic movement, and one of the founders of the China * * * Production Party. China * * * Production Party took an active part in leading the workers' movement after its establishment. At the second national congress of the Party, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the same time, he also served as the secretary of the northern branch of China Labor Union Secretariat. He was one of the important leaders of 1923 "February 27" strike of Beijing-Han Railway. Around the Third National Congress of the Communist Party of China, he actively helped Sun Yat-sen and Comrade Lin to accept the party's anti-imperialist and anti-feudal program in accordance with the party's United front policy, which contributed to the first national cooperation. Since then, he has made full use of the revolutionary United front form based on state-to-state cooperation, United the overwhelming majority of the masses and promoted the development of the northern revolutionary movement. Under his personal leadership, in the center of Beiyang warlord's rule, he successively launched national conferences, responded to the May 30th patriotic movement, abolished the unequal treaties and the tariff autonomy movement, and 1926 repeatedly waged mass struggles against imperialism and Beiyang warlords, and gradually launched peasant movements in Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia. In this series of struggles, Comrade Li Dazhao conscientiously publicized and implemented the Party's correct line and policies, persisted in fighting against the Kuomintang Rightists, safeguarded the Party's revolutionary leadership, and constantly improved the revolutionary consciousness of the broad masses, making the mass revolutionary struggle in the north wave after wave, effectively cooperating with the development of the national revolutionary situation and the northern expedition of the Guangdong National Revolutionary Army. All this caused great fear and hatred of the northern warlords. They finally1arrested Comrade Li Dazhao on April 6, 927, and executed twenty comrades including Li Dazhao by hanging on April 28 of the same year.
Comrade Li Dazhao, with his indomitable revolutionary spirit and scientific attitude of hard work, simplicity and seeking truth from facts, not only wrote an immortal page in the history of China's revolution, but also set a shining example for * * * producers. He constantly reformed himself, integrated theory with practice, and combined intellectuals with workers and peasants, which pointed out a correct way for revolutionary intellectuals to join the capitalist cause.
Comrade Li Dazhao, as a revolutionary, has the most precious revolutionary qualities. In his youth when he was still studying, he established his great ambition and strong determination to save the country and the people and "rebuild China". He was born in a peasant family in the rural area of eastern Hebei. When he was very young, his parents died and he was alone, and he was completely raised by his grandfather. His personal suffering is closely related to the miserable life of farmers under the oppression and exploitation of landlords, bullies and corrupt officials. Later, when he was studying in Tianjin Beiyang Law School, he saw that the whole Qing Dynasty was extremely dark, corrupt and incompetent, imperialist aggression and oppression, division and occupation followed, and the motherland was in danger. The Revolution of 1911 overthrew the rule of the Qing Dynasty and established the Republic of China, which once gave birth to hope in his young mind. But he soon saw that Yuan Shikai and the Beiyang warlords who followed him brought disasters to the country and the people, just like the Qing Dynasty. Imperialist aggression and oppression are even worse. In particular, the Japanese imperialist aggression is getting worse. Before Li Dazhao went to Japan to study, he met the tragedy of Japanese aggressors killing five Huadao policemen in Jieshi Mountain in Changli. 19 15, Japanese imperialism colluded and forced Yuan Shikai, a traitor, to sign Article 21 in an attempt to turn China into its exclusive colony. The Japanese invaders were tyrannical and vicious in China. All this is deeply painful in Comrade Li Dazhao's heart. Therefore, in his early poems, the heavy feelings of worrying about the country and the people are everywhere. For example, he wrote a poem "Crying for Jiang Weiping" in 19 13, which begins with a sentence "The country is lost everywhere, and the tears are dry."
However, Comrade Li Dazhao is not only sad sometimes, but full of the spirit of revenge and striving for strength. At the end of the last poem, there is a sentence "Xu Ling should hate for a thousand years, and don't teach Huma to cross the river". Comrade Li Dazhao is full of confidence in the rejuvenation of our nation and the prosperity of our country. He believes that China has a history of thousands of years, a vast territory and a population of 40 million. As long as everyone awakens, works hard and strives for strength, the country will never prosper again and its future will be infinitely bright. When Chen Duxiu published "Patriotism and Conscience" in 19 15, he said that our country was extremely dark and corrupt, and there was nothing lovely about it. He even said it was better to be a conquered people. Comrade Li Dazhao strongly opposed this harmful statement, and he immediately wrote an article "Worldweariness and Conscience" to refute it. He said: "The significance of consciousness lies in improving the spirit of building a country, seeking a lovely country and loving it. It is inappropriate to forget and not love a country because it does not love it. It is even more inappropriate to think that our people have never enjoyed a lovely country, so it is even more inappropriate to abandon themselves and be trapped among people without a country and pretend to be people who have no ability to build a lovely country. " (Page 29 of the same book) He is even more dissatisfied with the phenomenon that a few young people commit suicide because they lament the lack of state power and the increasingly serious external disasters. He said that these young people are "sincerely patriotic. As for regardless of life, his ambition is good and respectable, and his actions can be admired, but he is also big enough to quit. " (Page 32 of the same book) He believes that even if these young people are "determined to die, they have to endure death for a while and wait for the sword to leap forward and serve the battlefield, then a person's death is not worth dying." Therefore, Comrade Li Dazhao hopes that all people in China will consciously encourage themselves, "Don't lose heart, don't be short of breath", work hard and forge ahead. In particular, he believes that young people should maintain their mental state, strive to be frugal, face the future and strive for self-improvement. He said: "There is no word" difficulty "in the dictionary of young people, and there is no word" obstacle "in the spoken language of young people; I only know how to leap forward, but I know how to fly "(page 60 of the same book). 19 16, he published the article "Youth" in the second volume of "New Youth", and enthusiastically encouraged young people to "break the snare of past history and destroy the shackles of outdated theories". "I am young now and have been culled. (ibid., page 76) This is a spirit of revolutionary optimism; This is his hope for the youth and his request for himself. Comrade Li Dazhao devoted his life to the great cause of creating young chinese.
In order to realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, Comrade Li Dazhao hungrily sought the revolutionary truth all his life, sought the way to save the country and the people, and constantly transformed old ideas with new ideas. In his early years, he studied the Four Books and Five Classics, learned Confucius' way of governing the country and leveling the world, and took the imperial examination, taking the road of feudal literati. After abolishing the imperial examination, he entered a new school, studied the civilization of western bourgeois democracy, and embraced the ideal of establishing a bourgeois republic in China. When this ideal was finally shattered, under the influence of the victory of the October Revolution, he immediately learned from the Russian Bolsheviks, observed China's fate with proletarian Marxism–Leninism's worldview, and reached a new conclusion that he must take the road of the October Revolution in Russia, and quickly changed from a radical Democrat to a Marxist. In the process of transformation, his thoughts are very complicated, and the influence of old ideas is also very deep. However, in the process of studying Marxism-Leninism and participating in the actual struggle, he finally developed from an early immature Marxist to a mature Marxist due to his continuous transformation and improvement. His actual revolutionary activities in his later period and his analysis of China's revolutionary problems show that his thoughts are basically consistent with those of Comrade Mao Zedong, and he always represents the correct line of China's revolution.
Comrade Li Dazhao never regarded revolutionary theory as just a science, but as a guide to action. He is not only a thinker, but also a revolutionary activist who closely combines theory with practice. When Hu Shi opposed the propaganda of Marxism in China in 19 19 with the bourgeois reformist view of "studying more problems and talking less about socialism", Comrade Li Dazhao strongly refuted it. He pointed out that studying practical problems and propagating revolutionary theory complement each other and go hand in hand [bè i]. To solve social problems, we must have the guidance of theory, and the propaganda of theory must also strive to go to the actual movement and achieve practical results. Comrade Li Dazhao has devoted himself to the actual revolutionary struggle against imperialism and feudalism since he was a student. After accepting Marxism, he quickly became one of the leaders of China * * * Production Party and China Revolution. After 1925, he gradually resigned from several universities in Beijing, specializing in secret revolutionary activities until he died heroically. Comrade Li Dazhao took the correct road of combining revolutionary intellectuals with workers and peasants in the actual revolutionary struggle. Before accepting Marxism, he attached importance to the strength of the masses. After accepting Marxism, he realized that the people are the masters of history and the source of real strength, so he paid more attention to the workers and peasants movement. He believes that advanced intellectuals should go deep into the workers and peasants to educate and organize the masses. He said: "If we want to export modern new civilization to the society from the root, we must integrate the intellectual class and the working class." (page 146 of the same book) He called on young intellectuals to return to the countryside and go deep into the peasant masses. "While working, discuss the truth of life with their work partners through laughter." (ibid., p. 149) When he was engaged in the workers' and peasants' movement, he went deep into the masses, mingled with them, conducted detailed investigations and studies, and organized education, instead of floating on it to give general instructions. /kloc-in the winter of 0/925, he went to Zhangjiakou to organize a grand alliance of workers, peasants and soldiers. Feng Yuxiang sent someone to look for him and found him in the workers' dormitory, sleeping on the ground with many workers, and the ground was only covered with a layer of straw.
Comrade Li Dazhao's active propaganda and practice of Marxist theory is inseparable from his infinite loyalty to the revolutionary truth and the people's revolutionary cause. As a radical democrat, he showed his love for truth. He said: "There is only one truth in the universe", and truth has invincible authority. "The highest ideal in life is to seek truth." He believes that people should have the spirit of not being afraid of power and sticking to the truth. He said: "Whether a speech contains truth depends on whether the speech itself contains the quality of truth. If what he said is true, although the society at that time didn't listen to me and didn't allow me to live, I love the truth, but I dare not wander around to meet this society. If what he said is really against the truth, although the society at that time welcomed me and attached importance to me, I love the truth, but I dare not attach myself to it in order to inherit this society. Instead of being rejected by the world, it is better to be sincere. " (ibid., pp. 86-87) Comrade Dazhao himself is just so. In the process of propagating Marxism, both imperialists and domestic reactionaries called Marxism "extreme radicalism" and regarded it as a scourge, and banned and persecuted it in various ways, but he never wavered. During the period from 1924 to 1927, the northern warlords ordered him to be arrested several times, and the environment became increasingly sinister. However, he still insisted on leading the people's revolutionary struggle in Beijing, the ruling center of the northern warlords, and refused the suggestions of some people who cared about his safety to persuade him to leave Beijing. After his arrest, although he was tortured by warlords, he remained firm and fearless in times of crisis. He made an impassioned speech for the last time before his martyrdom, pointing out the truth that capitalism is bound to win, and then calmly embarked on the gallows of the enemy, giving his precious life for the truth of Marxism and the revolutionary cause of the people of China (he was only thirty-nine years old at that time), showing the revolutionary quality and revolutionary integrity of revolutionaries who would rather die than surrender.
Comrade Li Dazhao's abundant and tenacious revolutionary spirit is combined with that hard-working and simple style and realistic attitude. He studied hard and lived hard since he was a child. He is always down-to-earth and conscientious. Although he is very busy and often has to work around the clock, he is not careless. He must personally check and even attend the implementation of major party resolutions. He often takes the lead in many mass demonstrations. In the "318" tragedy of 1926, he was at the forefront of the mass petition team. After the tragic death, some so-called "leaders" of the Kuomintang had already fled over the wall, but despite his head injury, he calmly commanded the masses to retreat and persisted until the end. In his work and study, he has always advocated a spirit of seeking truth and a scientific attitude. He said: "All knowledge is seeking truth, and history belongs to You Ran. This attitude of seeking truth, which gradually affects and is deeply rooted in people's hearts, can create a serious habit. Everything should be done with a down-to-earth attitude, without fantasy or futility, and only with a true attitude. If you study with this attitude, the truth will be clear. If you do things with this attitude, your career will be successful "(page 504 of the same book). Comrade Li Dazhao is sincere to people, as true as appearance, and has courage in dealing with people. Lu Xun recalled that Li Dazhao gave him the impression that he was "honest, modest and quiet". (Complete Works of Lu Xun, Volume IV, page 400) Comrade Li Dazhao's life has always been simple. He lives a clean life, does not exaggerate and does not seek enjoyment. When he was a university professor, most of his salary was used to help poor young people and support revolutionary work or other social undertakings. He was very modest. Even his family often has to worry about the cost of oil, salt and rice.
Comrade Li Dazhao's revolutionary quality, moral cultivation, life style and work style have been respected by society since he was born. 1924, Hunan Workers' Association once gave him a lead tea bottle with the words "Moral" cast on it, which can represent the people's evaluation of Comrade Li Dazhao. Studying and carrying forward his noble quality and down-to-earth style is the best commemoration of the 35th anniversary of revolutionary martyrs' martyrdom today.