However, with the rediscovery and performance of classical drama works, people feel that the stage in the Middle Ages has been difficult to adapt to the performance requirements, whether indoors or outdoors.
Later, Italian architects discovered the book "Architecture" written by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvi, and regarded it as a treasure of theater architecture. This illustrated book was written from BC 16 to BC 13, and was first published in BC 1486. Italian architects regard the architectural principles described in this book as the basis for restoring classical theaters. They tried to make the performance at that time conform to the ancient Roman era, and found the reasonable layout of the stage and audience hall from the book.
With the development of perspective, people find that using perspective scenery on the stage will produce magical spatial illusion. So, I began to try my best to spread my perspective to the stage. Sergio (A.D. 1475 ~ 1554) made great efforts in this respect. 1545, he painted three scenes for tragedy, comedy and sheep play respectively according to Vitruvian's words about the three-sided scenery. Each scene consists of four groups of pictures, which will form a complete stage scene after splicing.
At that time, the audience was happy to see the ever-changing scenery, so people restored the triangular prism scene that had been used in ancient Rome. Each prism draws three scenes, and the scenes are transformed by rotation. Because this method of changing scenery is very limited, people later invented new methods, such as installing grooves in front of the scenery behind the stage, sliding to change the scenery, or stacking the scenery behind the stage and turning it over like a book when necessary. /kloc-In the early stage of the 0/7th century, the three elements of the scenery: the side film, the background and the eaves curtain can be changed quickly according to the needs of the plot.
Italy still has a theater built in 16 in the 1980s, which is very similar to the ancient Roman theater. There is a prospect behind the stage, and the audience can see the stage from the front of the stage and the doors on both sides. But its disadvantage is that these prospects are not helpful to the actors' performance. Later, this vision was pushed forward and became an area that needed to be expressed.
16 18, Palmafanas Theatre was built, which is characterized by three walls, picture frames and curtains on the stage. The main stage of this stage has a large area, a low ceiling, a square frame, and an auxiliary stage behind the main stage to increase the depth of the set. This theater is regarded as the beginning of modern drama.
After the stage was changed, the original semi-circular auditorium in ancient Rome could not meet the audience's viewing requirements and needed to be adjusted accordingly, so the horseshoe-shaped auditorium came into being. By the189th century, European theaters basically adopted this architectural model.
With the increase of indoor performances, the problem of stage lighting has become increasingly prominent. At that time, the lighting appliances were mainly oil lamps and candles, and there was a "foot lamp" at the entrance to the stage. People began to use light to create a stage atmosphere, such as letting the light source hide behind a crystal ball and move slowly to form a scene where the moon rises; Wrapped in tin foil, sawed into a board similar to lightning, with the sound of light and shadow, forming a landscape of lightning and thunder. People also use the intensity of lights to express dramatic scenes. For example, people think that the light of tragedy should be darker than that of comedy. The lights on the stage are brighter than those under the stage. Because of the poor lighting facilities at that time, people's freedom to create boldly was limited.