Mashan's real name is Gemashan, but it is mistaken for Mashan. According to Zuo Zhuan, on the first day of November in the eighteenth year of Duke Xiang of Lu (555 BC), the allied forces led by the State of Jin conquered the fortified area of Qi (northwest of Guangli Village, Xiaoli Town, Changqing District), occupied Pingyin City (so in the area of Dongzhang in Xiaoli Town today), and then pursued the retreating Qi army along the valley from Yihe area in Xiaoli to Shantou. At that time, the Qi army was in charge of Javert, the eunuch behind the temple. In order to stop the pursuers, he tied the chariots in a row and blocked the road. The doctor cultivated Chu and Guo Zui, saying, "Zi Dian is the shame of Qi. Zigu first! " In order to get revenge, Javert rewelding killed several horses in a narrow path, blocked the pass, and left the colonies Chuo and Guo Zui behind. The Jin people chased them and captured them easily.
The pass where Javert killed Marseille Road was the stone gate at the junction of Mashan and Guide. Jiaqing's "Pingyin County Records" Volume II: "In the eighteenth year of Duke Lu Xianggong of Zhou, Duke Jin cut Qi, and Duke Qi ruled Pingyin. His cutting door was wide and he climbed Wushan to look at the Jin division, so he fled through Shimen Road at night. According to the reporter's understanding, Wushan is the Xiaotang paved in Xiaolipu today, and there are still inscriptions to test. Dongshan has an ancient road leading to Jinan, and the two mountains are opposite, named Shimen. " Shimen, also known as Dashimen. Changqing County Records of the Republic of China Volume 16: "There is an important road from Tuwu Village to Shantou in Yuntou Shanxi, southeast of Hanlu District, named Dashimen. Things have stone cliffs, and walls cut thousands of feet. There is a canyon more than ten feet wide and about a mile long. "
The person across the river from Shimen is Mashan, so later generations call this mountain "Gemashan". Gema will kill the horse. "Topographic Map of Shu Wei (III)" "There are Xianshan, Ruoshan and Gemashan." According to the reporter's understanding, Gu Shan County of the Northern Wei Dynasty is located in Zhang Xia of Changqing today, and its jurisdiction is roughly equivalent to the southeast of Changqing east of Mashan today. In addition, Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty wrote in "Notes on Water Classics and Water Notes": "(Hanbin Valley) water flows out of Binxi Valley in Nangema Mountain, crosses Lu Xian County in the north, keeps Chendun South, flows northwest, and hydrates with Zhongchuan, which is called Gemakou." The name of Zhige Mashan appeared at the latest in the Northern Wei Dynasty. It was also at this time that Gemashan or the province was called "Mashan". "Notes on Water Classics and Notes on Wenshui" says: "Wenshui is in the west, and water is in the ditch. Water flows from Mashan in the northeast, and flows from the south of Jiting in the southwest ... "According to reports, the so-called ditch water is the Kangwang River in the north of Feicheng today.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Gemashan was called "Gemashan" by mistake. During the Yuanhe period of Tang Xianzong (806-820), Li Jifu wrote the Map of County Records, the tenth volume of which is the County Records of Changqing, qi zhou, which reads: "Mashan is 35 miles southeast of the county." Zuo Zhuan said that Jin Gong cut Qi, Qi Shi fled, and Javert killed horses in the pass to block the road, and then separated from Mashan. In the third year of Huizong Grand View in the Northern Song Dynasty, Chen Yanyuan's "The Temple of Horse in Dongping" said: "In Lucheng River, Yichang Army was saved in the second year of the Middle Tang Dynasty. Li Gongzhan, imperial academy, an ancient counselor, made a stone carving in the middle of Miao County, carrying Qi Junshi defeated by Jin, killing the way out, but Jin Junshi couldn't get through it, hence the name Mashan. When the word is a case, it is now called a horse, which is suspected to be inconsistent with Zuo Zhuan. " (Complete Works of Yuan Haowen, Volume 34, A Brief Journey to the West) Since then, Gemashan has been named after "killing Mashan to separate the road" and has become a fixed theory, such as Qi Cheng by Yuan (Juan Yun), Minutes of Reading History and Geography by Qing Gu Zuyu (Volume 13), Changqing County Records by Daoguang and Old Records by Volume 1.
As can be seen from the above, although Gemashan was wrongly labeled as "Mashan is separated from the mountain", it is still regarded as respecting objective historical facts in Zuo Zhuan. However, Chen Yanyuan's "Story of Crossing the Temple of Horse" says: "According to legend, in Jingdezhen, the gods of Qidan Kouyan and Tuo, mountains, cannot make the south, hence the name." This shows that in the Northern Song Dynasty, the name "Gemashan" had a new theory. However, because this theory has obvious national feelings and is absurd, it cannot spread far. However, due to this rising legend, people began to abandon the skills of Zuo Zhuan when explaining the name of Gemashan, and only made a fuss about Gemashan-"It is said that this mountain is steep and horses can't cross it, so it is called Gemashan" (Changqing County Records of the Republic of China, Yong You Mashan Ji, Volume I) quoted people as saying,)
According to the previous Notes on Water Classics and Wenshui Notes, Gemashan existed as Mashan in the Northern Wei Dynasty, so it can be inferred that Mashan can also exist as Mashan after the Tang and Song Dynasties.
There is another saying about the name of Mashan. The county annals of the Republic of China said: "Therefore, the mountain is like Mashan, so it is also called Mashan." It also quoted the cloud of "You Ma Shan Ji" written by Yong during Guangxu period in the late Qing Dynasty: "The general trend of building a mountain is like a ponytail, the place where a temple is built is like a horse ridge, the rutting peak is like a horse neck, and people who go south and west are like horses' heads. Because the mountain is named after this, it is not credible to say that the peak is separated from the horse and the horse is blocked. " As far as the current literature is concerned, the name of Mashan is explained by the shape of the mountain, which should not be earlier than the middle of Qing Dynasty, and the county annals of Daoguang have not been said yet. But we speculate that the folk saying probably originated very early. Because of its straightforward image, it is more easily recognized and accepted by ordinary rural people, so it has been very popular for a hundred years, and even the true meaning of the name Mashan has almost disappeared.
But the saying that "the situation is like a horse" is, after all, imagined according to the mountain situation. In fact, there are always things that are not like horses, such as ears, manes, ridges and ponytails, but where are the legs of horses? In order to sew, there is a folk legend that Mashan was pressed to the ground by grandma Taishan and the horse's legs were pressed under the horse's stomach. In addition, the true meaning of Mashan's name, after all, still has some images among the people, so there is the legend of Rutting Peak. There is a cloud in the county annals of the Republic of China: "There is a rutting peak in the north of Ma 'erfeng, and the customs spread far and wide, and the country goes to the foot of the mountain. The road is blocked and the car can't move forward. Looking back, the pursuer was approaching, and when he hesitated, he saw clouds full of feet and mountains high. After crossing the mountain, I saw two car ditches on the top of the mountain, hence the name Rutting Peak. "This is the legacy of Mashan original meaning.
The above is the general process of the origin and evolution of a Mashan mountain. In a word, the real name Gema Mountain was separated from Mashan by mistake and saved as Mashan. The process is very complicated, which is related to historical facts, legends, myths, religions, superstitions and the shape of mountains. It is a typical case of folklore and toponymy research, and it is also an important historical and cultural resource for developing Mashan tourism. So if you don't want to avoid the heavy, just write a section to verify it.