1756 65438+1October 27th Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, a court musician, an outstanding Austrian composer and an outstanding representative of the Vienna classical school.

Mozart showed great musical talent when he was very young. He was known as a "prodigy" because of his excellent improvisation and composition. His short life is extremely rich in works, and his important creative fields are opera and symphony. His works are permeated with the idea of pursuing democracy and freedom, which shows his optimistic and cheerful mood under great social pressure. Mozart widely used various musical forms, successfully linked the national music of Germany, Austria, Italy and other countries with the traditional music of Europe, laid the foundation of German national opera and created a new genre of realistic musicals. He expanded and innovated the content of instrumental music, making the forms of symphony and chamber music particularly rigorous. With his unremitting efforts and exploration in creation, Mozart raised the music art of18th century to a new height, prepared conditions for the further development of music in later generations, opened up a brand-new road for the development of western music, and had a great influence on music creation in later generations. Mozart wrote seventy-five works in his life, leaving behind such famous operas as The Marriage of Figaro, Don Juan, Temple in the harem, Magic Flute, etc., making opera a new genre with civic characteristics. In addition, there are many symphonies, concertos, piano music and chamber music ensembles. And completed the requiem in 1792.

Mozart's main representative works

Opera: The Wedding of Figaro, Don Juan and The Magic Flute.

Symphony: Symphony No.39 in E flat major (Emperor), Symphony No.40 in G minor, Symphony No.41in C major (Cupid).

Concertos: Clarinet Concerto in A major, Violin Concerto No.4 in D major, Violin Concerto No.5 in B flat major, Piano Concerto No.21in C major and Piano Concerto No.23 in A major.

Others: String Quartet Hunting.

Mozart's Vienna era

1762 In September, Mozart's family set out for Vienna, Austria, which was one of the most important music centers in Europe at that time. It is the luxurious palace seat of Emperor Francis I and Queen maria theresia. Since Albert I convened a group of musicians to form the so-called "Royal Musicians" in the12nd century, Vienna has always been a city of music, and music has become an important part of royal life. Joseph haydn, a famous composer, was a musician under an earl near Vienna, and Gluck, another composer, was the chief composer of the royal court at that time. This city, where pitching and breathing are music, has long been looking forward to the arrival of six-year-old prodigy Wolfgang.

As soon as Mozart and his team arrived in Vienna, they held their first performance in a private palace. The next day, the emperor and queen immediately summoned them to the court. A person who actually attended the concert left us a narrative: "When the children played, the audience could hardly believe their eyes and ears. Francis I was particularly satisfied with the performance of the elf, his nickname for Mozart. He talked with Mozart many times. " When the emperor asked him to play with one finger, he did it without hesitation. "He resolutely began to try at once and played several songs neatly, which surprised everyone present. At that age, we can already see his consistent attitude, that is, he despised the praise from the nobles, especially those who didn't know much about music, and he didn't even want to play for them. 1763 In June, when Wolfgang was seven years old and Nani was twelve years old, the Mozart family started their first long-distance trip-a trip that lasted for three and a half years and traveled all over Europe. They passed Munich, Mannheim, augsburg, Heidelberg, Frankfurt and other German cities. Wherever he went, he caused a sensation. Various forms of music are as simple as eating and sleeping for Wolfgang. He hardly needs any teaching, as if he already knows everything.

Mozart chronology

1756 65438+/kloc-0 was born in Salzburg on October 27th.

1762 traveled around Europe with my sister and father.

1764 arrived in London in April, where he composed his first three symphonies.

1767 Opera "False Silly Sister".

1768 Opera bastia and bastia.

1770 65438+February, the opera "King Mitridat of Bendu" premiered in Milan, causing a sensation.

1780 performed the opera Ido Meniaud, King of Crete, which was staged in Munich in 178 1 year.

1782 August, the opera "Temptation of the Harem" premiered.

1785 Six String Quartet for Haydn. Write "The Wedding of Figaro".

1786 The Wedding of Figaro premiered in Vienna.

Symphony no 38 in d major (k. 504) 1787 premiered in Prague and was very popular.

1787 completed the opera Don Giovanni, two string quintets and string serenade in G major.

1788 started writing the last three symphonies in May, all of which were completed in August 10.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/789, he began to write the opera "Woman's Heart".

179 1 year began to write the opera "the magic flute", which was almost finished in July.

179 1 year, he adapted the opera Tito's kindness, and then began to write requiem.

179 1 year 65438+died on February 5th. The requiem was written by his student Susmeyer.