Archaeologists found a large number of shells and a small number of pottery fragments, fish bones, animal bones and other ancestral relics on the top of the earth cow mound in Balu town. It is preliminarily concluded that the site is a rare Neolithic ancient human settlement in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and it is named Beiqiu.
A large number of shells and a small number of pottery fragments can be seen in the ruins.
Beiqiu Mountain is backed by the white cliff to the north of the main peak. The terrain around the site is dangerous, with a flat top, 70 meters long from east to west and more than 200 meters long from north to south. Because the living soil layer is thick, the tomb is not easy to find, and it has been preserved in several grave robbing climaxes. Only the top floor was damaged, and after being washed by rain, a large number of shells and a small number of pottery fragments, animal remains and other relics could be seen.
According to reports, Beiqiu is located 6 miles west of Guxiapi country, which belonged to the intersection of ancient Sishui and ancient Yishui 4000 years ago. In ancient times, during the rainstorm season, Surabaya and Yishui often burst, and Xiapi area became Wang Yang. The unique geographical environment forced our ancestors to live in isolation, and shells with convenient sources became an important part of people's lives.
Song Guotao, an archaeologist, has been involved in the investigation of Lishan Beiqiu for a long time. He told reporters that the local people used shell grinding powder as mother-of-pearl Chinese medicine to treat malignant sores. For thousands of years, shells have lost a lot.
Song Guotao said: "Comrade Chen Yongqing, the late curator of Pizhou Museum, once conducted an environmental archaeological investigation in Beiqiu, and thought that the survival activities of the ancients living in Beiqiu at that time to obtain meat resources should include shellfish fishing, hunting and raising livestock. At the same time, it is believed that in addition to the changes in the natural environment, with the popularization of farming methods, local people gradually gave up the habit of gathering and fishing and began to engage in new lifestyles, which is also an important reason for their demise. "
Unearthed cultural relics are rich and well preserved.
The cultural relics unearthed in this archaeology are very rich. There are shells, pottery, bones, stone tools and so on. Most of the cultural relics are well preserved. Judging from the unearthed cultural relic Tao Ge, it is hand-made, with primitive means of making, polished body and smooth skin, and the rope pattern appeared in the middle and late period. Moreover, the legs are long and deep, and they can be directly supported on the ground, which is convenient for filling firewood. Later, when the stove appeared, the function of Tao Ge's leg gradually disappeared, indicating that it was earlier.
Pizhou culture has a long history.
Song Guotao said: "In view of the late Longshan culture around it, this means that it must be at least 4,000 years ago. Judging from the unearthed shells, pottery pieces and animal bones, the cultures of Lishan Site, Dadunzi Site and Liu Ling Site belong to the same strain, with the cultural characteristics of Dawenkou, reflecting the social situation and development context of ancient ancestors and the extensive connection with the Yellow River Basin. "
The discovery of Beiqiu, which is far away from the mountain, makes Pizhou ruins culture interrelated and complement each other, and further clarifies the cultural system of northern Jiangsu and southern Shandong. Song Guotao said: "The discovery of Lishan Site proves that Xizhong had an advanced civilization when it was established. Because ancient Xiapi is the earliest city in Pizhou, it shows that Pizhou culture has a long history. "
According to reports, archaeologists will further clarify the archaeological cultural sequence represented by the site, understand the changes of the natural environment and the relationship between people and the environment, and then restore the life of ancient humans, realize the protection and protective development of the site, and improve the cultural taste of Pizhou Scenic Area.