Li Hua

Author Biography Li Hua (7 15—766) was born in Zanhuang, Zhaozhou (now Zanhuang County, Hebei Province). Tang Xuanzong was a scholar in the 23rd year of Kaiyuan (735). In the 11th year of Tianbao (752), he was moved to supervise the censor, but he was pushed out because of impeaching Yang, a power of the current dynasty, and moved to the right to fill the vacancy. An Shi uprising fell into the hands of rebels, who gave up their homes for Fengge. After the chaos, he was demoted to Hangzhou to join the army. Since then, because of shame, it is lighter than official promotion. When Su Zong arrived in the Yuan Dynasty, he was called Zuo Buque, and the official department sealed Yuan Wailang, saying that he was ill and did not worship. Later, he joined the Li Xian shogunate and was awarded the title of Yuanwailang in the official department of the Supervision Institute. Soon, he resigned because of rheumatism. He lived in seclusion in Yang Shan (now Huai 'an County, Jiangsu Province) and led his children to farm for a living. In his later years, he believed in Buddhism and wrote little. Li Ci is beautiful, just like Xiao. He is called Xiao Li in the world. He also made friends with Han Qu, He Changshi and Lu Dongmei, and posthumous title between Jianghuai was the "Four Kui". At that time, the scholar-officials begged him to write a biography and set up a tombstone. The tombstone of Yuan Dexiu, a famous official inscribed by Yan Zhenqing and sealed by Li, is called "Four Unique Monuments". There is the Collection of Uncle Li Xia's Works.

[Solution] This article is the representative work of Li Hua's Extreme Thinking and Research. In the late kaiyuan period of Tang Xuanzong, he was arrogant and ignorant, belligerent and eager for political achievements. Border generals often betray their faith and use conspiracy to provoke wars against border ethnic minorities in order to win merits and rewards, which leads to deepening the contradiction between "Yi Xia", continuous wars and heavy casualties among soldiers. For example, in the eighth year of Tianbao (749), Geshuhan attacked Tubo Shibao City, and Tang Jun died in tens of thousands; Ten years (75 1), An Lushan led 60,000 troops to attack the Khitan, which was completely annihilated. This paper takes the ancient battlefield as the background, and the center is to advocate the practice of kingliness, be kind and courteous to people far away, and realize the great harmony in the world. In the view of treating war, it advocates carrying forward the teacher of benevolence and righteousness, affirming the war of aggression and opposing it. The description of the war in this paper is very cruel and miserable, aiming at arousing the anti-war sentiment of people from all walks of life, so as to achieve the purpose of "preventing the four foreigners" and stabilizing the border defense, which is highly targeted. Although it is in the form of parallel prose, its writing is fluent, the scene is mixed, the theme is distinct, and the meaning is profound, which is worthy of being a famous piece in ancient and modern times.

This article, a collection of works by Li Xiashu, Tang and Yuan Wen, is a collection with slightly different words, so it is published.

Vast [1], no one [2]. The river is tangled and the mountains are in dispute [3]. Gloomy and miserable [4], the wind is miserable [5]. The grass withered [6] and the wind was like morning frost. Birds can't fly, and animals are quite dead [7]. The pavilion director told Yue [8]: "This ancient battlefield has also tasted the three armies [9]. It's often cloudy in amityville horror. " Sad! Qin Han Han? Will modern times be awkward?

I heard that Fu Qi, Wei Jian and Han Jing confessed [10]. Wan Li has been exposed for many years. Grass grazing in the morning and river ice crossing at night. The land is vast and endless, and I don't know the way back. Who is it [1 1]? After the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were Siyi [12] and Zhongzhou consumption [13], which was unprecedented. In ancient times, it was called Xia Rong (14) and did not resist Julian Waghann (15). Culture and education failed [16], and Chen Wu used the blame [17]. Indiana Jones is different from Renyi [18], and Wang Dao is pedantic. Alas!

I think the north wind vibrates the desert, and Hu Bing waits for it. The Lord will be arrogant and the enemy will attack [20]. Wild vertical mark [2 1], Chuanbei group training [22]. The focus of the law is terrible, and the prestige is humble. The sharp shovel pierced the bone, shocking the sand, fighting between the host and the guest, and dazzling the mountains and rivers. Acoustic analysis of rivers [23], potential collapse of lightning. If the poor and cloudy are frozen [24], the cape is cold [25], the snow has no shin, and the ice is in the beard. Storks rest in their nests, while horses wander. There is no temperature when pressing [26], and the fingers are cracked. When this bitter cold, strong days, Ling [27] murderous, in order to kill. Cut the trench [28] and cross the foot soldiers. A surname new drop [29], the general didn't reply. On the shore of the huge port [30], the caves of the Great Wall are covered with blood. Nothing is expensive or cheap, just bones. If you can win [3 1]! The drums are exhausted, the arrows are exhausted, and the white blade is broken. Both armies are surprised [32]. If you drop it, you will ruin your life; This is a war, and there are bones and rubble everywhere. Birds are silent, mountains are silent, and there is no wind in the long night. Soul knot Xi Tian Shen, ghosts and gods gather Xi Yun strength [33]. The sun is cold and the grass is short, and the moonlight is bitter and frosty. Sad, just like yeah!

It is said that Zhao died for grazing, breaking and driving thousands of miles to escape the Huns [34]. Korea pour the world, riches and honour in Dan talk [35]. This is just a question for people to do, how much! Zhou Zhu? Here, north to Taiyuan [36]. North of the city [37], the whole division and also. Drink to Cexun [38] and be idle. Mu Mu Didi [39], between the monarch and the minister. Qin rises from the Great Wall and the sea is the gateway. Poisoned person [40], Wan Yin [4 1]. Although the Han Dynasty attacked the Huns, it gained the Yinshan Mountain and laid a pillow on the wild, which was supplemented [42].

[43] Cang, who has no parents? Support and support, but I am afraid that I will not live long. Who doesn't have brothers? Feet like hands. Who has no husband and wife? Feel at home like a friend. What's wrong with being alive What's wrong with killing people? If it exists, it is not known to the family. People may have something to say, but they are skeptical. I am in my mind [44] and I am looking forward to seeing it [45]. Cloth poured out [46] and cried all over the world. The world is sad, and the vegetation is sad. If the mourning ceremony doesn't come, the spirit will be helpless [47]. There will be years of famine and people will be displaced [48]. Alas! When was your life? Since ancient times! What can we do? Stay in Sisi Lee [49].

-Excerpted from Complete Tang Poetry, Volume 32 1.

The boundless wilderness, far from seeing people. The river bends like a belt, and countless peaks overlap in the distance. A gloomy and bleak scene: the cold wind roared, the sun was dim, the chrysanthemum was broken, the weeds withered, and it was as cold as a winter morning. Birds flew over and refused to fall, and stray beasts hurried by. The director of the museum told me: "This is an ancient battlefield, which was once completely annihilated. There are often ghosts crying and they will be heard every cloudy day. " So sad! Is this the Qin Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, or something modern?

It is said that during the Warring States period, both Qi and Wei recruited able-bodied men to serve, and Chu and Han also recruited soldiers to prepare for war. Soldiers ran to the frontier of Wan Li, exposed year after year, looking for grass in the desert in the morning and crossing the frozen river at night. I don't know where the way home is. Who do you confide in when your life is at stake? Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, there have been frequent wars in the four border areas, and the losses and destruction in the Central Plains are unprecedented in the world. In ancient times, it was said that Xia Xia, foreigners were not enemies of the emperor's army; Later, the education of rites and music was no longer promoted, and the military commanders used all the tricks of the Indiana Jones. Indiana Jones does not conform to benevolence, righteousness and morality, and Wang Dao is considered pedantic and unrealistic, and no one will implement it. Oh, yo, yo!

I imagined that the north wind shook the desert and Hu Bing took the opportunity to attack. The Lord is arrogant and underestimates the enemy, and the enemy soldiers rushed to fight at the camp gate. Various battle flags were erected on the Yuan Ye, and heavily armed soldiers were running in the valley. Strict military laws are frightening, officials have great power, and soldiers' lives are humble. Sharp arrows pierce the bones, and flying sand flies straight at people's faces. The enemy and our two armies fought fiercely, and the mountains and rivers were dizzy. The momentum is big enough to split the river, and lightning surges. What's more, in the extreme winter, the air condenses, the world is blocked, the snow sinks into the calf, and the beard freezes. Birds of prey hide in their nests and rest, and warlike military horses linger. There was no heating in the cotton-padded clothes, so people were so cold that their fingers fell off and their skin cracked. In this bitter cold moment, under the disguise of Hu Bing's powerful hand, God came to chop and kill our soldiers, cut off the munitions halfway, and broke the ranks. A captain just surrendered and the general was killed again. The body died on the shore of Dagang, bleeding profusely in the cave under the Great Wall. Whether noble or humble, it has become a skeleton. This is endless pain! The drums are weak and the soldiers are exhausted; The arrow has been shot and the bowstring has been cut. White-edged hand-to-hand combat, the nod has been broken; The two armies are approaching, which is a matter of life and death. Surrender? Life will fall into a foreign race; Fighting, right? The bones will show gravel! The birds are silent, the mountains are silent, the night is long, the hate platform is flickering, the ghosts are condensed, the sky is dark, and the ghosts gather in clouds. The sun is bleak, reflecting the short grass, and the moonlight is bitter and covered with frost. Is there such a sad scene in the world?

I heard that Li Mu commanded the soldiers of Zhao, broke the invasion, opened thousands of miles of territory, and the Huns ran away. However, the Han Dynasty tried its best to fight the Huns, but the people were poor and weak. The key is to choose the right people, not the number of soldiers! Zhou dynasty expulsion? After that, the whole army returned to Beijing in triumph, held a sacrificial feast in the ancestral temple, and titled its achievements. Everyone is happy and comfortable. Between the monarch and the minister, they are dignified and kind, respectful and polite. The Qin Dynasty built the Great Wall, built fortresses to the seaside, killed countless people and dyed the land of Wan Li red and black with blood; The Han Dynasty sent troops to attack the Huns, although it occupied Yinshan Mountain, but the bones of the dead soldiers were everywhere, which was really not worth the loss.

Many people were born in heaven. Who has no parents? From childhood, I took the lead, held it and carried it, so as not to die young. Who doesn't have a brother? Who doesn't have a respectful wife? What benefits did they get when they were alive? What crime did you commit and get killed? Their life and death are unknown in China; Even if you hear someone accusing you, it's mixed. I was very sad and depressed all day and fell asleep at night. As a last resort, we had to display sacrifices, drink alcohol to pay homage, look from a distance and cry bitterly. Heaven and earth are sad for it, and plants are also sad. Such a gloomy condolence sacrifice cannot be perceived by the souls of the dead in heaven, and their souls have no refuge. Besides, there will be famine after the war and people will inevitably be displaced. Alas, alas! Is this caused by the times or by fate? This has been the case since ancient times! How can we avoid war? Only by preaching enlightenment and practicing benevolence and righteousness can the four clans defend the territory for the emperor. (Morphy)

To annotate ...

Hao Hao: It looks big. Yin Yin: The edge. [3]Xi(xio ng): far. [3] Controversy: overlapping and interleaving. [4] darkness: darkness. [5] Wei: Red and yellow, which describes the dark color of the sun. [6] Peng: The name of grass is Artemisia capillaris. Autumn withers and uproots, and floats in the wind. [7] quite: run after the "collar" (tǐng). [8] Pavilion Chief: During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was a pavilion every ten miles, and a pavilion chief was responsible for public security and litigation. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a pavilion in the yamen of Shangshu Province, which was responsible for opening and closing the provincial gates and informing and conveying affairs, and was an official post abroad (not among the nine categories). This refers to local officials. [9] Three services: Weekly system: There are six emperors, and vassal states can have three services, each with 12,500 people. This refers to the army in general. [10] Wei Qi and Han Jing: Four of the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period. Jing is the state of Chu. This refers to the Warring States Period. Conscription: Recruit soldiers with money and goods. Corvees and conscripts were conscripts and mercenaries in feudal times. [1 1] I'm depressed. Hey, it's "V". [12] Siyi: a minority in the border area of Sifang. Yi, an ancient disparaging term for an alien. [13] consumption (d [day]): loss and corruption. [14] Rong: Ethnic minorities in the west. This generally refers to ethnic minorities. Xia: Huaxia, Han nationality. Julian Waghann: The imperial army. In ancient times, it was said that the emperor's teacher was a teacher of benevolence and righteousness, and he wanted to obey heaven and hang the people. [16] Culture and education: refers to rites and music, and article education. Eccentric: Using intrigue. [18] Raiders: Troops that make a surprise attack when the enemy is unprepared. [19] Wang Dao: refers to the rules governing the world such as rites, music, benevolence and righteousness. Pedantic: pedantic and empty. [20] Period gate: the gate of the military camp. Standard: the general name of the flag. Beijing, a flag decorated with oxtail and colorful bird feathers. [22] Group training: that is, "Group A training", soldiers' armor and clothing. This generation refers to soldiers. [23] analysis: separation, division. The original Fold was revised according to Don Cui Wen and Selected Works. [24] Poor Yin: Winter is still poor and extremely cold. [25] Cape: a distant land in the northwest. The sea, the vast sea, is in the northeast of the Mongolian plateau; One refers to Hulunbeier Lake in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region today. [26] z ē ng increments kuangkuang: tapping, the floorboard of silk products. Silk floss There was no cotton in ancient times, and all the wadding clothes were made of silk cotton. [27] Yiling: lean on it. [28] Weight (Z and capital): the general term for military materials. [29] Dewey: the official name refers to the military attache whose position is lower than that of the general. [30] (Bob): A stiff servant. [3 1] Victory (shēng was born): All. [32] Cu (cü urge): close, close. [33] Power (Mimi) Power: Deep and dark. [34] Pasturing: At the end of the Warring States period, Li Mu, a good soldier of Zhao, defended Yanmen (now in northern Shaanxi), defeated the Xiongnu invasion, defeated Donghu and surrendered (two tribes to which Xiongnu belonged). After more than ten years, the Huns dared not go near the border of Zhao. See Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. [35] Lu (dān denier): Do it. Pit (Shop P): Tired and nauseous. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he conquered Xiongnu, Dawan, Xiqiang and South Vietnam on a large scale many times, and even "taxes were exhausted, which was not enough to serve the soldiers", "the world was abolished" and even "the people ate each other". See Shi Ji Ping Zhun and Hanshu Shihuozhi. 〔36〕? Xian (n ??????): Also known as Xian, Porridge with Meat, Xiang, and Wuji with Meat. , the ancient northern minorities, that is, the predecessors of the Huns. Zhou Xuanwang? So King Xuan ordered Yin Jifu to fight against the invasion and drive to Taiyuan (now the north of Guyuan County, Ningxia), and never pursued it again. These two sentences are from The Book of Songs Xiaoya June: "Thinning? Here, as for Taiyuan. " [37] City: Build a city. North: North. It is said that this is the area of Lingwu County in Ningxia. The sentence "The Book of Songs Xiaoya leaves the car": "The son of heaven orders me, and the city is the other side." [38] Cheers: In ancient times, after the alliance meeting and conquest, sacrifices were made to the ancestral temple and banquets were held, which was called "cheers". Policy training, remember merits and demerits in simple strategies. "Zuo Zhuan" Huan Gong's sentence for two years: "Anyone who is on a business trip will be prosecuted in the ancestral temple; If you drink it retrograde, you will be proud and polite. " [39] Jiang Mumu: dignified and beautiful, respectful and sincere, often used to describe the appearance of the son of heaven, such as "The Book of Rites under Quli": "The son of heaven Jiang Mumu". Dee (Didi) Dee is gentle and peaceful. [40] tea (tú tu) poison: mutilation. [4 1] Yin (yān smoke): red and black. Zuo Zhuan has been in public office for two years. Du Note: "Blood will be cloudy for a long time." [42] Yinshan: In today's central Inner Mongolia, it starts from Hetao in the west and connects Daxing 'anling in Inner Mongolia in the east. It used to be the southern barrier of Xiongnu, so Xiongnu often invaded Han. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it was captured by Wei Qing and Huo Qubing, and the Han army suffered heavy losses. [43] Cang: refers to the sky. Steam, pass "Xuan", many, many. [44] Yi (yuān wronged) Yi: sad and depressed look. [45] Sleep: dreaming. [46] Sacrifice: Pour wine on the ground to commemorate the dead. Cloth, show. Drink alcohol and set up wine and food sacrifices. [47] Can't reach: Can't reach the dead. Spirit: spiritual soul. In ancient times, it was believed that after death, human nature and soul could exist without the body. [48] Bad year: famine year. Chapter 30 of Laozi's Tao Te Ching says, "After a great army, there will be a bad year". Large-scale conscription has caused a large number of casualties of agricultural labor force, coupled with the invasion of the two armies and the burden of military expenditure, which will inevitably affect the sowing and harvest of agricultural production. Therefore, this does not only refer to natural disasters. [49] Keeping in Siyi: According to Zuo Zhuan, in the twenty-third year of Zhao Gong, "the ancient emperor kept in Siyi."