Lingbi stone has the reputation of "the first stone in the world", which was personally given by Emperor Qianlong, and its status has always been very lofty. In this paper, we understand Lingbi Stone from the scientific, cultural, historical and future development heights, study Lingbi Stone, deeply study all aspects of Lingbi Stone, and explore its cultural connotation. Only in this way can Lingbi stone and Lingbi stone culture last forever and remain young forever.
Strengthening theoretical research and writing a new chapter of stone culture
The name of Lingbi Stone is associated with sacred rites and music 3,000 years ago, with historical classics such as Shangshu, Yunlin Stone Spectrum, Suyuan Stone Spectrum and Changwuzhi, and with Confucius, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Li Yu, Su Dongpo, Mi Fei, Fan Chengda, Song Huizong and Zhao Meng? , Pu Songling, Gan Long, Guo Moruo, Wang Chaowen and many other historical celebrities. It has a long and glorious history. But the ancients only loved and appreciated stones and rarely wrote or discussed them. In the past 30 years, great progress has been made in the theoretical research of Lingbi stone, and the understanding of its classification, texture, ornamental elements and aesthetic characteristics has far surpassed that of predecessors, but there is still a lack of in-depth research on its shape and how to appreciate it. As a stone species, its theory and culture still lack systematicness, integrity, uniqueness and distinctiveness. Therefore, on the one hand, we should inherit the excellent cultural heritage of Lingbi Stone, on the other hand, we should be innovative and enterprising, and write a new chapter in the history of Lingbi Stone and Lingbi Stone Culture.
Ornamental elements of Lingbi Stone Ornamental elements are a basic category of strange stone science. Different scholars hold different views on the decorative elements of Lingbi stone, including Mr. Wang's "shape, quality, color, grain, sound and rhyme", Mr. Ren's "sound, shape, quality, color and grain" and Mr. Liu Lei's "shape and grain". It can be seen that the five aspects of "quality, shape, color, grain and sound" are the same as the decorative elements of Lingbi stone. The difference lies in "sound, light, state, potential, rhyme, image and meaning". Sound and harmony are connected, and light is the expression of quality, and state and potential can be included in the form. Rhyme is an important aesthetic element, but it is not universal and compatible in Lingbi stone, and it is also used as an ornamental element. Image means that objects, images, images, patterns and images are completely different concepts and expressions, so it is obviously inappropriate to include images in patterns. What kind of strange stones are not completely represented by elephants? Therefore, as one of the ornamental elements of Lingbi stone, elephant is the objective existence of Lingbi stone itself and is also necessary for Lingbi stone appreciation. Meaning refers to meaning, meaning and artistic conception, which is the connotation of strange stone. It is a concept that connects man and stone, subjectivity and objectivity, matter and consciousness, and embodies man's dominance and creativity in stone appreciation. This is an aesthetic. Only in this way can we appreciate the beauty of Lingbi stone and further discover and explore its cultural connotation.
Jin Ji ying chun
Aesthetic characteristics of Lingbi stone Aesthetic characteristics are another basic category of strange stone science. The aesthetic characteristics of strange stones are the concrete expression of the beauty of strange stones in quality, shape, color, pattern, image and meaning, and are also the objective basis for dividing the types of strange stones and distinguishing all kinds of strange stones. Regarding the aesthetic characteristics of Lingbi stone, Mr. Zhang Jiafu put forward six characteristics, namely "black, loud, leaky, thin, transparent and wrinkled", Mr. Liu Lei put forward eight characteristics, namely "thin, wrinkled, transparent, leaky, strange, clear, firm and loud" and Mr. Ma put forward "thin, leaky, wrinkled, transparent and black". Mr. Ren put forward eighteen characteristics of "thinness, wrinkle, leakage, transparency, roundness, richness, rigidity, stability, stubbornness, clumsiness, ugliness, strangeness, cleverness, beauty, strangeness and interest". Of the above 24 characteristics (with similar or interlinked meanings), only thinness, wrinkling, leakage and permeability are recognized, which are different from the typical Taihu stone with thinness, wrinkling, leakage and permeability and many other similar stone species, such as Taihu stone, Chaohu stone, Qingzhou stone, Qixia stone, Fangshan stone, Zibo aragonite, Laoshan greenstone, Shi Ying stone and Kunshi stone.
The aesthetic characteristics of any kind of strange stone are the combination of the aesthetic characteristics of all kinds of strange stones and the unique aesthetic characteristics of this kind of stone, but only the unique aesthetic characteristics are the basis and symbol of the existence and difference of one kind of stone from other kinds, and also its charm.
As we all know, stone species similar to Lingbi stone are mainly ornamental in external form. Through comparative study, it is found that the unique aesthetic characteristics of Lingbi stone can create an accurate, vivid and distinctive beautiful image of Lingbi stone.
Comparison of the Shapes of Lingbi Stone and Taihu Stone The shapes of any kind of strange stone are composed of several ornamental elements, such as quality, shape, color, grain and image, but they are mainly shapes. As a decorative element, form includes the meanings of shape, shape, outline, posture, image and structure. Taking Lingbi stone and Taihu stone as examples, in terms of quality, Lingbi stone is hard, delicate and penetrating, with a thick and bright skin and a sense of vicissitudes (its unique sound is directly related to quality); Taihu stone is low in hardness, fine and impermeable, and its skin is thin and tender. On color, Lingbi stone is mainly black, and there are many other colors; Taihu stone is mainly gray, with less other colors. On the pattern, there are dozens of lingbi stones, of which Mr. Sun Huaibin said there are 2 1 species, and Mr. Xu said there are more than 50 species, which are slender and dense; There are few stone lines in Taihu Lake, which are unevenly distributed, and wrinkles are typical. In terms of image, there are many stones with certain images and images (including sculpture stones and painting stones); There are fewer stones in Taihu Lake. In terms of shape, Lingbi stone and Taihu stone belong to a kind of strange stones with irregular and amorphous shapes, which are various, like things rather than things, like images rather than images, full of interest and unique. This is the most important reason why they were favored by the ancients and developed earlier, and * * * has also become a famous stone in China. However, due to different formation conditions, they are similar but not the same, close but far away. The most important feature of "thinness, wrinkling, leakage and permeability" of Taihu Stone is thinness, because its surface is vertical, slender, flat, concave and wrinkled. The cracks, gaps, grooves and leaking through holes on it divide the whole into many tiny twisted parts, and the cracks, gaps and through holes on the edge make its shape in various backgrounds. Lingbi stone has few holes, and some have no holes at all. It is said that it lacks universality and accuracy. The changeable shape of Lingbi stone is formed by holes and cracks on the edge and grooves with different directions and directions, which plays a bigger and more special role. But its surface is mostly convex arc, giving people a full and three-dimensional feeling (I wonder if Mr. Ren's "circle" refers to this), more like a mature and energetic man. It is true that it is not necessarily appropriate to compare a stone species with people. I'm here mainly to highlight the unique image of Lingbi Stone. In their book Ornamental Stones in China, Mr. Yuan Kuirong and Mr. Zou pointed out that the limestone molding stones in China are "generally refined in the south and healthy in the north", and also pointed out an important morphological feature that distinguishes Taihu Stone from Lingbi Stone.
Dig deep into cultural connotation and improve the appreciation grade of Lingbi stone
The cultural connotation of strange stones is the whole aesthetic content of strange stones, and it is also the aesthetic content and significance of strange stones that viewers may discover, understand and expand through interpretation, imagination and association. The cultural connotation of strange stones is infinitely rich and varied, but it depends on the discovery and excavation of the viewers. Only by digging deep into the cultural connotation of strange stones can the taste of strange stones be improved, and viewers enjoy aesthetic pleasure in the process of exploring the cultural connotation of strange stones.
It is the beauty of Lingbi stone to explore its cultural connotations such as quality, shape, color, grain, sound, image and meaning. However, this is only the beauty of nature. Only when the viewer fully explores its cultural connotation with his knowledge, wisdom, emotion and experience can it be sublimated, so that Lingbi stone can become an ornamental with elegant taste and high aesthetic value, and he can get aesthetic satisfaction and enjoyment.
Kistler culture is a multi-structure culture that combines Kistler with China's poems, essays, books, paintings and gardens. The poems, essays, books, paintings and garden works left by predecessors are the concrete manifestations of the strange stone culture and its pluralistic structure. Because of this, strange stones and strange stone culture have lofty status, elegant character and great charm.
Appreciation of Ancient Famous Stone "Lock Cloud" The stone "Lock Cloud" in Lingbi Stone is very famous. Originally a descendant of Mi Fei, a painter and collector of Tibetan stones in Ming Dynasty, Mi is now a collector of Tibetan stones in Shanghai on Monday. "... shaped like a lock ... the whole stone is like a galloping Nosaru, quite dynamic. "This is a lot of people's interpretation of" lock cloud ". First of all, this stone is not "shaped like a lock". The "lock" of "Lock Cloud" is just a real lock, which means "lock" and "lock". The "lock cloud" is about a 20cm×25cm×7cm individual, which is very small in itself. Once connected to the cloud, the viewing object will be infinitely magnified. Clouds can't be locked. If they can't be locked, they must be locked, which embodies a childlike innocence and childlike innocence. Stones are static and clouds are flowing. Lock the Cloud turns the simple static beauty into the pluralistic beauty of dynamic and static opposites. The stone remains the same, and the cloud changes rapidly. "Lock Cloud" turns a single fixed image into an infinitely diverse and ever-changing activity scene, just like a big stage that is always performing. When we appreciate the "lock cloud", we are not concerned about the shape of the stone, but imagine the magnificent and colorful clouds in the sky through the shape of the stone, and maybe we will sigh that our fate is so bad that opportunities are rare. Its name is a classic, and Lock the Cloud reflects the high ideological level, cultural accomplishment, stone appreciation level, naming methods and skills of stone collectors, which has high aesthetic significance and value.
Named dolphin