1, suona definition: suona (Italian: suona) is a kind of national wind instrument and a widely circulated folk instrument in China. Suona was invented by Persians, with bright timbre and loud volume. The pipe is made of wood and has a conical shape. The upper end is equipped with a copper tube with a whistle, and the lower end is covered with a copper bell mouth (called a bowl), so it is commonly known as a horn.

2. Structure: Suona consists of five parts: whistle, gas tag, invasion, pole and bowl. There are eight holes (the first seven and the last one) in the wooden conical tube, and a thin copper tube is installed at the upper end of the tube, which is covered with a reed whistle with double springs, and a copper bowl-shaped speaker is installed at the upper end of the wooden tube. Although the suona has eight holes, the sound of the seventh hole is the same as that of the drum, and the sound of the eighth hole is the same as that of the first hole.

3. Features: The way of pronunciation is to put a reed (reed) in your mouth and blow it hard to make it vibrate. After being amplified by the vibration of wooden pipes and metal bowls, it becomes the sound of suona. The biggest feature of suona is that it can control the whistle with its mouth to make changes in volume, pitch and timbre, as well as the application of various techniques.

4. Playing techniques: cyclic ventilation, air trill, tooth trill, finger trill, forearm trill,

Pay attention to the following three points when practicing:

(1) Fingers don't move, and they are completely driven by forearm movements.

(2) Fingers should not lift the sound hole too high, as long as they are slightly away.

(3) Fingers, wrists and forearms should be kept in a straight line.

5. Representative works: Phoenix spreading its wings, family portrait, loess love, sedan chair, etc.

6. See the figure for details.