(A) the role of napkins

Napkins, also known as mouth cloth, are a kind of sanitary products in restaurants and an art of decorating and beautifying the dining table.

The main functions of towels are as follows.

1. napkins are sanitary products in catering services.

When a guest has a meal, the waiter puts a napkin on the guest's leg or chest, which can be used to wipe his mouth or prevent him from drinking soup.

Alcohol will stain clothes.

2. napkins can decorate and beautify the dining table.

Different shapes of napkin flowers contain different banquet themes. Placing napkin flowers with different shapes on the dining table not only beautifies

The dining table adds a solemn and warm atmosphere and gives people beautiful enjoyment.

3. The flower shape of napkin can set off the dining atmosphere.

If the napkin is folded into a flower shape such as a magpie and a dove of peace, it means cheerful, peaceful and friendly, giving people a sincere feeling; Such as fold ratio

Wing Qi Fei, the heart-to-heart flower shape of lovers, can express the best wishes of eternal unity and harmony for a hundred years.

4. The arrangement of napkin flowers can indicate the seat of the guest of honor.

When folding napkin flowers, you should choose the flower shape of the guest of honor, and the height of the host's flower shape should be higher than other flower shapes to show honor.

(2) Types of napkins

1. By texture

Napkins can be divided into cotton fabrics and chemical fiber fabrics. Cotton napkins have good water absorption and strong detergency, and they are stiff and set after ironing.

The effect is good, but folding once is the best. Chemical fiber fabrics are bright, transparent and elastic, such as disposable modeling.

No, it can be molded twice, but the water absorption is poor and the decontamination power is not as good as that of cotton fabric.

Step 2 Divide by color

Napkins come in two colors: white and colored. White napkins give people a clean, quiet and elegant feeling. It can adjust people.

Visual balance can calm people's mood. Colored napkins can enhance the dining atmosphere, such as red and pink napkins, giving people a sense of dignity.

A heavy and warm feeling; Orange and goose yellow napkins give people a noble and elegant feeling; In summer, lake blue can make people cool and comfortable.

The feeling.

Second, the shape and selection of napkin folding flowers

There are many shapes and types of napkin folding, and the methods are also different. As a restaurant waiter, you should master the basic knowledge of napkin folding.

Modeling and folding technology.

1. Types of napkin folding styles

(1) can be divided into cup flowers and disk flowers according to the arrangement.

The cup flower belongs to China pattern, which needs to be inserted in the cup to complete the modeling. When the cup is taken out, the flower shape will spread out. Because it is folded into a cup-shaped flower,

When used, the flatness is poor, which is easy to cause pollution. So at present, cup flowers are rarely used, but as a skill, it is still

It exists in restaurant service.

Pan flower is a western-style flower pattern, which is complete in shape and will not spread out by itself after molding. It can be placed on a plate or other container or desktop.

Disc flower presents a development trend because of its simplicity, elegance, beauty and applicability.

(2) According to the appearance of napkin flowers, they can be divided into three types: plants, animals and utensils.

The flower shape of plants is based on the flower shape of plants, such as lotus and narcissus. , also exists in the leaves, stems and fruits of plants.

Yes, such as bamboo shoots and corn.

Animal flower shapes include fish, insects, birds and beasts, among which birds are the main ones, such as white cranes, peacocks, ostriches and animal shapes.

Some take the whole, some take its characteristics, lively.

Physical flower shape refers to imitating all kinds of physical shapes in daily necessities, such as hats, folding fans and flower baskets.

2. Choice of napkin folding design

(1) Choose the pattern according to the size of the banquet. For large banquets, you can choose simple and lively patterns. You can choose two kinds of flowers for each table.

Type, so that each table has a different pattern, and the table looks rich in color. If it's a small banquet with 1-2 tables, you can have one table.

Use a variety of patterns, or 2-3 patterns can be alternately matched to form a diverse and coordinated layout.

(2) Choose flower patterns according to the theme of the banquet. Because of the different themes and forms, the selected flower patterns are also different.

(3) Choose the flower pattern according to the season. Choose seasonal flower patterns to highlight seasonal characteristics, or deliberately choose elephants.

Sign a set of patterns for the beautiful season.

(4) Choose flower patterns according to religious beliefs. If you believe in Buddhism, don't pile up animal models, but plant models and physical models.

If you believe in Islam, don't use the shape of a pig.

(5) Choose the flower pattern according to the guest's customs. For example, Japanese prefer cherry blossoms to avoid lotus flowers, while Americans like camellias, France.

People like lilies, while the British like wild roses.

(6) According to the guest and host seats, choose the pattern. The flowers on the seats of the guest and host at the banquet are called the main flowers. The main flower generally chooses varieties.

Precious, carefully folded, beautiful and eye-catching flowers achieve the purpose of highlighting the host and respecting the guests, such as receiving banquets for international friends.

In fact, folding pigeons for peace, folding flower baskets for flowers, folding peacocks for female guests and folding birds for children means excitement.

Lovely, so that the host and guests feel cordial.

In short, according to the theme of the banquet, we should design and fold different napkin flowers, grasp them flexibly, and strive to be simple, fast and tidy.

Beautiful and generous.

Third, the basic skills of napkin folding

Napkins have practical and decorative functions, and form an important decoration on the dining table. Basic skills of napkin folding

There are folding, folding, rolling, threading, turning, pulling, pinching and breaking. Restaurant waiters should practice repeatedly to be skilled and easy to use.

In order to increase the efficiency and artistry of setting the stage.

1.

Folding is the most basic method of napkin folding, and almost all shapes are used. Folding is to fold a napkin in half.

It is four squares, or folded into triangle, rectangle, diamond, trapezoid, zigzag and other shapes. There are two kinds of folding and sub-folding. When folding, you should

Be familiar with the shape and ensure that the angle is folded at one time. Repetition will leave a mark on the napkin and affect the crispness. The basis of folding.

Find a good angle and fold the collar at one time.

fold

Folding is a pleating technique. Folding is to fold the napkin into a pleated shape, so that the flower shape is rich and tight.

Together, beautiful. When pleating, hold the first pleat at both ends of the napkin with your thumb and forefinger respectively, and the two thumbs are opposite.

Line up and point out. Then grab the napkin with the middle finger of both hands and control the distance of the next pleat. Thumb and forefinger.

Hold the napkin tightly and push the middle finger forward. Block the pushed pleats with your index finger. The middle finger can freely control the distance of the next pleat.

From, three fingers cooperate with each other. Folding can be divided into two methods: straight folding and oblique folding. Both ends of straight folding are the same size.

A big head and a small head, or folded into a semicircle or arc. The key point of folding is that the folds should be even and tidy.

3. Volume

Roll is to roll the napkin into a cylindrical shape with the thumb, forefinger and middle finger cooperating with each other. Rollers can be divided into straight rollers and spiral rollers.

Go away. Straight rollers include single roller, double roller and flat roller. Straight roll requires that both ends of napkin must be rolled flat. There are two kinds of spiral coils, one is.

First, the napkin is folded into a triangle with uneven edges; The other is to fix one end of the napkin and roll the other end, or more than one end.

Roll, roll less at the other end. One end of the roll is big and the other end is small. Whether it is straight or spiral, napkins should be rolled tightly and upright.

Surround it, otherwise it will affect the shape because of soft bending and deformation. The point of rolling is to roll tightly and stand up.

dress

Fold the napkin first, hold it in the palm of your left hand, put one end of the chopsticks into the crease of the napkin, and then use your right thumb.

Pull the napkin on the chopsticks back bit by bit with your index finger until the chopsticks stick out of the napkin. Put it on and insert napkin flowers.

Take the chopsticks out of the cup, or they will come loose. Generally, only 1-2 chopsticks are worn as required. The essentials of wearing them

Pleats should be flat, straight, small and even.

turn over

Flip is mostly used to fold flower-and-bird shapes. When operating, one hand holds the napkin, and the other hand turns the drooping napkin up-a corner and turns it into a flower.

The head and neck, wings, tail and other shapes of flowers or birds. When turning flowers and leaves, pay attention to the symmetry, size and distance of the leaves. Turn the bird.

When turning your wings, tail or head and neck, be sure to turn straight, not soft. The key point of turning them is to pay attention to the right size and natural beauty.

pull

Pulling is usually done when the napkin flower is half-formed. Holding a semi-formed napkin flower in the left hand and pulling out a corner or several corners in the right hand.

Only the angle. The point of drawing is that the size ratio is appropriate and the shape is crisp.

squeeze

Pinch is mainly used to fold the bird's head. When operating, first pull the corner of the napkin to make the neck, and then use the thumb of one hand.

Hold the top of the bird's neck with your fingers, forefinger and middle finger, with your forefinger down, and press the tip of one corner of the towel inward, using your middle finger and thumb.

Pinch a corner of the towel into the shape of a beak like a bird's head. Pinch the focus is angular, head and mouth in place.

8. Goodbye

Fold the napkin layer by layer with your left hand to form a flower bud. Don't push too hard to avoid loosening.

The essentials of breaking and pulling are clear layers and even spacing.

Working standard for folding Chinese napkin.

Napkins have practical and decorative functions, which is one of the important tasks of table decoration on the dining table. Although folding napkins is a very common thing, we should learn the method of folding napkins with an open mind to make folding napkins more artistic and faster, and increase the efficiency of setting tables.

The color and size of the napkin should match the tablecloth. Breakfast can be similar to a plaid handkerchief, mostly 3.25 to 45 cm, which can be simply folded or folded into a tent. Napkins for lunch and dinner are mainly white or other colors, and the material should be 60 cm hard linen. If they are too soft or too small, they will not be folded. Here are some ways to fold napkins:

Tent type. Napkins are suitable for breakfast or fast food, because they are the simplest way to fold, and 3.25 cm napkins can be used.

Fold the napkin with one hand and push it with the other. First put the corner in the upper left corner, then fold the corner A and the corner B in half to form a triangle. The second action is to put the thumb of the right hand above the center of the triangle salt bottom and fold it into a tent napkin. Point the opening or tail end of the tent towards the tourists.

● Crimping cap type. The curled hat type is also a napkin suitable for simple meals. The folding method is simple. First, fold the rectangular napkin in half, and then overlap the right third to the left; Roll C down into a conical hat, and then fold E and F angles up.

● Pointed hat type. The pointed hat type is also a napkin suitable for simple meals. The folding method is simple: ① First, the square napkin is folded diagonally into a triangle; (2) then fold the left and right 3/4 parts into a sharp shape; 3 fold the corner in front of you again; (4) Fold the back flat and face upwards.

● Monk hat type. This is a common napkin folding method in restaurants. Generous style and convenient folding: ① Fold square napkins into rectangles; (2) second step, folding into a diamond shape; (3) thirdly, cross-folding the diamonds into a mountain shape; Fourthly, folding the lower left corner below the upper right corner; ⑤ Turn it over and fold the lower right corner under the upper left corner; ⑥ Distribute evenly at the lower opening, that is, form a monk's hat shape.

Bishop hat type. ① Fold the napkin into a triangle; (2) the left and right tips of vertices; (3) The upper end is downward, and it is up and down.

Working standard for folding Chinese napkin.

The distance between two vertices; (4) Fold the upper triangle upwards; ⑤ Turn it over, the left and right tips overlap, and one tip is inserted into the other tip; Turn it over and stand up like a bishop's hat.

Folding fan type. ① Fold the napkin inward, and the distance between the upper end of the first finger and the upper end of the second fold is about 6 cm; 2 Fold from the left, with a width of about 4 cm; ③ Fix the lower end with a clamp, and then open the upper end to form a folding fan. It can be put on a plate or in a cup.

● Fishbone-shaped napkins. This shape can be folded and put in a glass or plate. Folding method: firstly, fold the 3.25 cm square towel into a triangle, then lift it twice, and then cross it left and right into a fishtail shape.

Petal. First, fold the square napkin in half twice to form a four-layer square, then fold each layer at most four times, then fold the back into a cylinder and put it into a cup.

Roll type. This roll is suitable for folding small napkins. Fold the napkin directly into a cylinder, fold it in the middle of the waist and put it in a cup.

Candle type: This candle type is also suitable for folding small napkins. First, fold the diagonal of the napkin into a triangle, then fold the bottom into a small piece, then roll it into a solid cylinder, tie the bottom tightly, and put it into a water cup.

● Basic requirements?

(1) Simplify the folding method and reduce the repeated folding times.

(2) The napkin flowers are beautiful in shape and harmonious in color.

● Precautions?

(1) Wash hands and disinfect before operation.

(2) Operate on a clean and hygienic tray or service desk.

(3) It is not allowed to clamp or bite with the mouth during operation.

(4) When putting flowers into the cup, pay attention to hygiene, and don't touch the mouth of the cup with your fingers.

(5) Understand the guests' taboos on napkin patterns.

● Basic technology?

(1) Push and fold: when folding, the two thumbs are in a line, the fingers are outward, and the index finger or middle finger is pulled and folded backwards. If the folded finger is used to block the folding, the middle finger should control the distance of the next folding.

(2) Folding: the napkin is folded in half, in two folds and in four folds, or folded into triangle, rectangle and other shapes; Calculate the angle before folding, and fold it once.

(3) Roll: When rolling straight, both ends of the napkin must be rolled flat; The spiral roll can first fold the napkin into a triangle, and the edge of the napkin is not flat; Whether it is a straight roll or a spiral roll, the napkin should be rolled tightly.

(4) Pulling: Pulling is used to fold flowers and birds. When operating, one hand holds the napkin, and the other hand bends the drooping napkin into a corner and pulls it into the head, neck, wings and tail of a flower or bird. When pulling the leaves of flowers, pay attention to the symmetry of the leaves, the same size and the same distance; When pulling a bird's wings, tail or head and neck, it must be straightened, not softened.

(5) Pinch: Pinch is mainly used to fold the bird's head. When operating, pull the bird's neck first (usually a corner of the napkin is used for the bird's neck). Then, hold the top of the bird's neck with the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of one hand, and press the top of one corner of the napkin inward with the forefinger downward, and the thumb and middle finger will pinch out the pressed corner.

Fourth, the example of napkin folding.

1. African banana

(1) Fold the napkin diagonally into an equilateral triangle. Fold the two bottom corners of the triangle to the top corners to form a square.

(2) Fold the lower corner upward to a short distance from the upper corner.

(3) Fold the corner of the new fold down to the center of the bottom edge. Fix the folded top corner in the center of the bottom edge with your left hand, and then prepare to turn it over. Hold the triangle with one hand and fold a bottom corner to the middle with the other hand. Treat the other corner the same way. Two folded corners can be inserted together.

(4) Insert the four fingers of the right hand into the bottom and support it into a cylindrical shape, then turn down the small corners exposed on both sides and arrange them for shaping.

2. Peony flowers are fresh.

3. Sleeping pigeon

be in germ

5.goldfish

6.winged-tailed bird

7. golden bell flower

8. Cai Feng

Three sets of training items

Dining table is one of the main service facilities for the restaurant to provide services to guests. The layout of the dining table is called setting the table, which is the operation process of putting tableware, wine utensils and auxiliary items neatly and beautifully on the dining table according to certain specifications, including tablecloth, dining table layout, seating arrangement, tableware placement and so on. Table setting requires cleanliness, neatness, order, readiness, proper placement, convenient dining and complete facilities. This can not only ensure the convenience and comfort of the dining environment. It can also give guests a good mood and create a warm and comfortable dining environment. In daily catering work, table layout can be roughly divided into Chinese table layout and western table layout, and Chinese and western table layout can be divided into snack table layout and banquet table layout.