Songshan Mountain is one of the main producing areas of refractory clay in Henan Province. There are two layers of refractory clay with industrial value: one is a set of clay rocks rich in aluminum and iron, which belongs to benxi formation of Middle Carboniferous, and 95% of the proven reserves of refractory clay are in this layer; The other layer is clay rock in the lower member of Upper Shihezi Formation of Permian, which has not been explored in Songshan area.

The general survey of Songshan refractory clay began at 1952, looking for refractory clay for WISCO in the west of Jiaozuo and the north slope of Songshan. At that time, it was considered that the Gongxian area was dominated by bauxite, and bauxite exploration was the main way. The exploration of refractory clay in Songshan area is generally carried out at the same time as bauxite exploration. Only a few mining areas have specially explored refractory clay, but all of them have obtained a large number of refractory clay reserves. The proven reserves of refractory clay in Songshan area account for about 44.6% of the total reserves in Henan Province.

There are two kinds of refractory clay in Songshan area: high alumina clay and hard clay, with reserves of about half each. Tea shop, Shuitou, Zhong Ling and Wangcun are hard clay, while Zhuangtou is high alumina clay, which are involved in both villages. The occurrence of seams is consistent with that of strata, and the dip angle is relatively slow. The ore body is lenticular and layered in the ore-bearing layer. Refractory clay and bauxite are mostly bauxite roofs and floors. If all are calculated by refractory clay, it is generally a layer of ore.

Songshan refractory clay deposits are mainly distributed in gongyi city and yanshi city on the northern slope and Dengfeng and xinmi city on the southern slope. The total proved reserves of refractory clay in Songshan area are 65.438+0.27 billion tons, and the reserves at the end of 2006.54.38+0 are 65.438+0.9 billion tons.